Poyerekeza ndi jenereta ya turbine ya nthunzi, jenereta ya hydro ili ndi izi:
(1) Liwiro ndilochepa. Zochepa ndi mutu wamadzi, liwiro lozungulira nthawi zambiri limakhala lochepera 750r / min, ndipo zina zimangokhala zosintha zambiri pamphindi.
(2) Chiwerengero cha mitengo ya maginito ndi yaikulu. Chifukwa liwiro ndi otsika, kuti kupanga 50Hz mphamvu yamagetsi, m'pofunika kuonjezera chiwerengero cha mitengo maginito, kotero kuti maginito kudula stator makhotakhota akhoza kusintha nthawi 50 pa sekondi.
(3) Kapangidwe kake ndi kakukulu ndi kulemera kwake. Kumbali imodzi, liwiro ndi lochepa; Komano, kukana katundu kukana unit, pofuna kupewa kupasuka kwa chitoliro chachitsulo chifukwa cha nyundo yamphamvu yamadzi, nthawi yotseka yadzidzidzi ya kalozera vane iyenera kukhala yayitali, koma izi zipangitsa kuti liwiro la unit likhale lokwera kwambiri. Choncho, rotor imayenera kukhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu ndi inertia.
(4) Mzere wolunjika umatengedwa nthawi zambiri. Pofuna kuchepetsa kukwera kwa nthaka ndi mtengo wa zomera, majenereta akuluakulu ndi apakatikati a hydro nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito shaft yoyima.
Majenereta a Hydro amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu yoyima komanso yopingasa molingana ndi makonzedwe osiyanasiyana amiyendo yawo yozungulira: ma jenereta oyimirira a hydro amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu yoyimitsidwa ndi maambulera malinga ndi malo osiyanasiyana amayendedwe awo.
(1) Kuyimitsidwa kwa Hydrogenerator. Kuwongolera kumayikidwa pakatikati kapena kumtunda kwa chimango chapamwamba cha rotor, chomwe chimakhala ndi ntchito yokhazikika komanso yokonza bwino, koma kutalika kwake ndi kwakukulu ndipo ndalama zogulira mbewu zimakhala zazikulu.
(2) Umbrella hydro jenereta. Kuwongolera kumayikidwa pakati pa thupi kapena kumtunda kwa chimango chapansi cha rotor. Nthawi zambiri, majenereta akuluakulu a hydro okhala ndi liwiro lapakati komanso otsika ayenera kutengera mtundu wa maambulera chifukwa cha kukula kwawo kwakukulu, kuti achepetse kutalika kwa unit, kupulumutsa chitsulo ndikuchepetsa ndalama zobzala. M'zaka zaposachedwa, mapangidwe oyikapo chivundikiro chapamwamba cha turbine yamadzi apangidwa, ndipo kutalika kwa unit kumatha kuchepetsedwa.
2. Zigawo zazikulu
Jenereta ya Hydro imapangidwa makamaka ndi stator, rotor, thrust bear, mayendedwe apamwamba ndi otsika, mafelemu apamwamba ndi apansi, mpweya wabwino ndi chipangizo chozizirira, chipangizo cha braking ndi chipangizo chosangalatsa.
(1) Sintha. Ndi gawo lopangira mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe imapangidwa ndi mafunde, chitsulo pakati ndi chipolopolo. Chifukwa kukula kwa stator kwa majenereta akuluakulu komanso apakatikati a hydro ndi akulu kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi magawo oyendera.
(2) Rota. Ndi gawo lozungulira lomwe limapanga mphamvu ya maginito, yomwe imapangidwa ndi chithandizo, mphete yamagudumu ndi maginito. Chigudulicho ndi chinthu chooneka ngati mphete chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chooneka ngati fan. Mitengo ya maginito imagawidwa kunja kwa gudumu, ndipo mphete ya magudumu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira ya maginito. Chingwe chimodzi cha rotor yayikulu komanso yaying'ono imasonkhanitsidwa pamalopo, kenako imatenthedwa ndikuyika manja pa shaft yayikulu ya jenereta. M'zaka zaposachedwa, mawonekedwe a rotor shaftless apangidwa, ndiko kuti, chithandizo cha rotor chimakhazikitsidwa mwachindunji kumapeto kwa shaft yayikulu ya turbine. Ubwino waukulu wa kapangidwe kameneka ndikuti ukhoza kuthetsa mavuto amtundu wa castings ndi forgings chifukwa cha unit yayikulu; Kuphatikiza apo, imathanso kuchepetsa kulemera kwa rotor ndikukweza kutalika, kuti muchepetse kutalika kwa mbewu ndikubweretsa chuma china pakupanga magetsi.
(3) Kukankha. Ndi gawo lomwe limanyamula kulemera kwathunthu kwa gawo lozungulira la unit ndi axial hydraulic thrust ya turbine.
(4) Dongosolo lozizira. Hydrogenerator nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito mpweya ngati sing'anga yozizira kuziziritsa stator, kuzungulira kwa rotor ndi stator core. Majenereta ang'onoang'ono a hydro nthawi zambiri amatenga mpweya wotseguka kapena wa chitoliro, pomwe majenereta akulu ndi apakatikati a hydro nthawi zambiri amatenga mpweya wotsekeka wodziyendetsa. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kuzirala, ma windings ena apamwamba kwambiri a hydro jenereta amatengera njira yozizirira yamkati ya kondakitala ya dzenje yomwe imadutsa m'malo ozizira, ndipo sing'anga yozizira imatenga madzi kapena sing'anga yatsopano. Ma stator ndi rotor windings amakhazikika mkati mwa madzi, ndipo malo ozizira ndi madzi kapena sing'anga yatsopano. Mapiritsi a stator ndi rotor omwe amatenga kuziziritsa kwamkati kwamadzi amatchedwa kuziziritsa kwamkati kwamadzi kawiri. Ma stator ndi rotor windings ndi stator core omwe amatengera kuziziritsa kwa madzi amatchedwa kuziziritsa kwamadzi mkati mwamadzi, koma mafunde a stator ndi rotor omwe amatengera kuziziritsa kwamkati kwamadzi amatchedwa kuziziritsa kwamkati kwamadzi.
Njira ina yozizira ya hydro jenereta ndi evaporative kuzirala, amene zikugwirizana madzi sing'anga mu kondakitala wa hydro jenereta kwa evaporative kuzirala. Kuzirala kwa evaporative kuli ndi ubwino wake kuti kutentha kwa sing'anga yozizira kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa mpweya ndi madzi, ndipo kungachepetse kulemera ndi kukula kwa unit.
(5) Chipangizo chotsitsimutsa ndi chitukuko chake ndizofanana ndi zamagulu amagetsi otenthetsera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-01-2021
