N'oge na-arụ ọrụ nke mmiri na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe, otu ihe na-edozi nke mmiri turbine bụ akara mmezi. Akara maka nrụzi turbine hydraulic na-ezo aka na akara nke na-ebugharị chọrọ n'oge nkwụsị ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ nke hydraulic turbine na-arụ ọrụ na hydraulic ndu ndu, nke na-egbochi nlọghachi azụ n'ime olulu turbine mgbe mmiri ọdụ dị elu. Taa, anyị ga-atụle ọtụtụ nhazi ọkwa nke akara turbine site na nhazi nke turbine main shaft akara.
Enwere ike kewaa akara ọrụ nke turbine hydraulic n'ime
(1) Akara ala. Akara efere dị larịị na-agụnye akara efere dị larịị nke otu oyi akwa yana akara okpukpu abụọ. Akara efere dị larịị nke otu oyi akwa na-ejikarị efere rọba nwere otu oyi akwa iji mepụta akara na ihu ngwụcha nke mgbanaka igwe anaghị agba nchara na-edozi n'elu ogwe isi. A na-emechi ya site na nrụgide mmiri. Ọdịdị ya dị mfe, ma mmetụta mkpuchi adịghị mma dị ka nke okpukpu abụọ nke okpukpu abụọ, na ndụ ọrụ ya abụghị ogologo oge dị ka nke okpukpu abụọ. Efere okpukpu abụọ nke okpukpu abụọ nwere mmetụta mkpuchi dị mma, mana nhazi ya dị mgbagwoju anya na mmiri na-agbapụta mgbe ọ na-ebuli elu. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-ejikwa ya na obere na ọkara-sized axial-flow units.
(2) akara Radial. Akara radial nwere ọtụtụ ihe mgbochi carbon nke nwere ụdị fan, nke a na-agbanyesi ike n'elu ogwe isi site na isi iyi dị na ngọngọ ígwè nke yiri fan ka ọ bụrụ akwa akara. A na-emeghe obere oghere mmiri na-ekpuchi na mgbanaka akara iji wepụ mmiri ahụ wụsara. A na-emechi ya nke ọma na mmiri dị ọcha, na nguzogide iyi ya adịghị mma na sedimenti nwere mmiri. Ihe owuwu akara dị mgbagwoju anya, ntinye na mmezi siri ike, ịrụ ọrụ mmiri adịghị mfe iji hụ na radial onwe ya na-achịkwa mgbe esemokwu dị ntakịrị, n'ihi ya, e kpochapụrụ ya ma dochie njedebe njedebe ihu.
(3) Nkwakọ ngwaahịa. Ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi bụ nke nwere mgbanaka akara ala, nkwakọ ngwaahịa, mgbanaka akara mmiri, ọkpọkọ mmiri na gland. Ọ na-arụkarị ọrụ akara site na nkwakọ ngwaahịa dị n'etiti mgbanaka akara ala na ogwe aka mkpakọ gland. A na-eji akara ahụ eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na obere nkeji kwụ ọtọ.
(4) Akara ihu. Akara ihu * * * ụdị igwe na ụdị hydraulic. Mechanical njedebe ihu akara na-adabere na mmiri iji dọpụta diski a kwadebere na ngọngọ rọba okirikiri, nke mere na ngọngọ rọba okirikiri dị nso na mgbanaka igwe anaghị agba nchara edozi n'elu ogwe isi iji rụọ ọrụ akara. A na-edozi mgbanaka mkpuchi roba na mkpuchi elu (ma ọ bụ mkpuchi nkwado) nke turbine hydraulic. Ụdị ihe mkpuchi a dị mfe ma dị mfe ịhazi, ma ike nke oge opupu ihe ubi bụ nke na-adịghị mma, nke na-adịkarị mfe na-eme ka eccentric clamping, eyi na-ejighị n'aka akara arụmọrụ.
(5) akara mgbanaka labyrinth. Labyrinth mgbanaka akara bụ ụdị akara ọhụrụ n'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Ụkpụrụ ọrụ ya bụ na a na-edobe ngwaọrụ mgbapụta mgbapụta n'elu onye na-agba ọsọ turbine. N'ihi mmetụta mmịpụta nke efere mgbapụta, isi flange bụ isi mgbe niile na ikuku. Enweghị kọntaktị n'etiti ogwe aka na akara akara, ma enwere naanị oyi akwa nke ikuku. Akara ahụ nwere ogologo ndụ ọrụ. Ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi nke isi bụ ụdị labyrinth na-enweghị kọntaktị, nke na-agụnye ogwe aka na-atụgharị n'akụkụ ogwe aka, igbe mkpuchi, ọkpọkọ mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na ihe ndị ọzọ. N'okpuru ọrụ nkịtị nke turbine, ọ dịghị nrụgide mmiri na igbe akara n'ime oke ibu dum. Efere mgbapụta na onye na-agba ọsọ na-agbagharị na onye na-agba ọsọ iji gbochie mmiri na ihe siri ike ịbanye na akara mkpuchi isi. N'otu oge ahụ, ọkpọkọ mgbapụta nke efere mgbapụta na-egbochi ájá ma ọ bụ ihe siri ike ịgbakọta n'okpuru mkpuchi elu nke turbine mmiri, na-ewepụkwa ntakịrị mmiri mmiri site na mgbanaka nkwụsị nke elu na ọdụ mmiri site na ọkpọkọ drainage nke efere mgbapụta.
Ndị a bụ isi akụkụ anọ nke akara turbine. N'ime akụkụ anọ a, akara mgbanaka labyrinth, dị ka nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ na-eme ka ọ dị ọhụrụ, nwere ike igbochi nkwụsị mmiri na igbe mkpuchi, nke ọtụtụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nakweere ma jiri ya mee ihe, na mmetụta ọrụ dị mma.
Oge nzipu: Jan-24-2022
