Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị ndị na-emepụta ọkụ eletrik. Taa, m ga-ewebata axial eruba hydroelectric generators n'ụzọ zuru ezu. Ngwa nke axial eruba turbine generators na-adịbeghị anya bụ tumadi mmepe nke elu isi na nnukwu size. Turbines axial-flow na-etolite ngwa ngwa. Ewuola ụdị ụgbọ mmiri abụọ axial-flow paddle nke arụnyere n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Gezhuba. Otu n'ime ha nwere dayameta nke mita 11.3, nke bụ ugbu a nke kachasị n'ụdị ya n'ụwa. . Nke a bụ uru na ọghọm dị na turbines axial flow.
Uru nke turbine axial eruba
E jiri ya tụnyere turbines Francis, turbines axial flow turbines nwere uru ndị a:
1. Ọsọ ọsọ dị elu na njirimara ike dị mma. Ya mere, ọsọ otu ya na ọsọ otu ya dị elu karịa nke turbine Francis. N'okpuru otu isi mmiri na ọnọdụ mmepụta, ọ nwere ike ibelata oke nke igwe na-emepụta turbine, belata ịdị arọ nke unit ahụ, ma chekwaa ihe oriri, ya mere ọ bụ akụ na ụba. elu.
2. Ọdịdị elu na ọdịdị elu nke onye na-agba ọsọ na-agba ọsọ nke turbine axial na-agba ọsọ nwere ike izute ihe ndị a chọrọ na mmepụta. N'ihi na agụba nke axial-flow rotary-paddle turbine nwere ike ịtụgharị, nkezi arụmọrụ dị elu karịa nke turbine agwakọta. Mgbe ibu na isi mmiri na-agbanwe, arụmọrụ adịghị agbanwe nke ukwuu.
3. Enwere ike ịkwasa oghere ndị na-agba ọsọ nke axial-flow paddle turbine, nke dị mma maka ịmepụta na njem.
Ya mere, turbine axial na-agba ọsọ nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe nkwụsi ike na oke ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ, na-enwe obere mkpọtụ, na arụmọrụ dị elu na mmepụta. N'ebe dị ala, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ dochie turbine Francis. N'ime iri afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ma n'ihe gbasara ikike otu unit na iji isi mmiri eme ihe, enweela ọganihu dị ukwuu, yana ngwa ya dịkwa oke obosara.
Ọdịmma nke turbine axial eruba
Otú ọ dị, turbine axial na-asọpụta nwekwara adịghị ike ma na-amachi oke ngwa ya. Isi adịghị ike bụ:
1. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke agụba dị ntakịrị, ma ọ bụ cantilever, ya mere ike adịghị mma, a pụghịkwa iji ya mee ihe n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-ajụ na elu.
2. N'ihi nnukwu ọnụọgụ na-agba ọsọ na ngwa ngwa dị elu, ọ nwere ntakịrị ihe dị elu karịa turbine Francis n'okpuru otu ọnọdụ isi, na-eme ka nnukwu ihe gwupụta ihe maka ntọala nke ọdụ ọkụ na ntinye ego dị elu.
Dị ka n'elu kwuru adịghị ike nke axial eruba turbines, elu-ike mgbochi cavitation ọhụrụ ihe na-eji turbine n'ichepụta na ike nke agụba na-mma na imewe, nke mere na ngwa isi nke axial eruba turbines na-anọgide na-mma. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, onye isi ngwa nke turbine axial-flow paddle bụ 3 ruo 90 m, ọ batakwara na mpaghara ụgbọ mmiri Francis. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mmepụta otu nkeji kachasị nke turbines axial-flow paddle bụ 181,700 kW, isi mmiri kachasị bụ 88m, na dayameta onye na-agba ọsọ bụ 10.3m. Ihe kachasị otu igwe na-emepụta turbine axial-flow paddle turbine bụ 175,000 kW, isi mmiri kachasị elu bụ 78m, na dayameta onye na-agba ọsọ bụ 11.3m. The axial-flow fix-propeller turbine nwere oghere edoziri na nhazi dị mfe, mana ọ nweghị ike ime mgbanwe na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nwere nnukwu mgbanwe na isi mmiri na ibu. Ọ nwere isi mmiri kwụsiri ike ma na-eje ozi dị ka ebe a na-ebu ibu ma ọ bụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nwere ọtụtụ nkeji. Mgbe ike nke oge dị ukwuu, ntụnyere akụ na ụba nwekwara ike ime. Enwere ike ịtụle ya. Ogologo isi ya ọdabara bụ 3-50m. Axial-flow paddle turbines na-ejikarị ngwaọrụ kwụ ọtọ. Usoro ya na-arụ ọrụ bụ n'ụzọ bụ isi na nke ụgbọ mmiri Francis. Ihe dị iche bụ na mgbe ibu ahụ gbanwere, ọ bụghị naanị na-achịkwa ntụgharị nke vanes nduzi. , Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-edozigharị ntụgharị nke ndị na-agba ọsọ na-agba ọsọ iji nọgide na-arụ ọrụ dị elu.
Tupu mgbe ahụ, anyị kpọbakwara ụgbọ mmiri Francis. N'ime ndị na-emepụta turbine, a ka nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti turbine Francis na axial flow turbines. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, nhazi nke ndị na-agba ọsọ ha dị iche. Oghere nke turbines Francis fọrọ nke nta ka ọ dakọtara na ogwe isi, ebe turbines axial na-erute fọrọ nke nta ka ọ daa n'akụkụ isi.
Oge nzipu: Nov-11-2021
