Panthawi yokonza gawo la jenereta lamadzi, chinthu chimodzi chokonzekera cha turbine yamadzi ndi chisindikizo chokonzekera. Chisindikizo chosungiramo ma hydraulic turbine chimatanthawuza chosindikizira chomwe chimafunikira pakutseka kapena kukonza chisindikizo cha hydraulic turbine working seal ndi hydraulic guide bear, chomwe chimalepheretsa kubwereranso mu dzenje la turbine pamene madzi amchira ali okwera. Lero, tikambirana zamagulu angapo a turbine seal kuchokera pamapangidwe a turbine main shaft seal.
Chisindikizo chogwira ntchito cha hydraulic turbine chingagawidwe
(1) Chisindikizo chokhazikika. Chosindikizira chalathyathyathya chimaphatikizapo chisindikizo cha mbale imodzi yosanjikiza komanso chosindikizira chamitundu iwiri. Chosindikizira chambale chokhala ndi chitsulo chosanjikiza chimodzi chimagwiritsa ntchito mbale ya rabara ya gulu limodzi kuti ipange chisindikizo chokhala ndi nkhope yomaliza ya mphete yosapanga dzimbiri yozungulira yokhazikika pa shaft yayikulu. Imasindikizidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi. Mapangidwe ake ndi osavuta, koma kusindikiza kwake sikofanana ndi kusindikizira kwa mbale ziwiri, ndipo moyo wake wautumiki suli wotalika ngati chisindikizo chachiwiri. Mbalame yapawiri-yosanjikiza imakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino zosindikizira, koma mawonekedwe ake ndi ovuta ndipo madzi amatuluka pamene akukweza. Pakalipano, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'magulu ang'onoang'ono ndi apakati axial-flow.
(2) Radial chisindikizo. Radial seal imakhala ndi midadada ingapo yooneka ngati fan yomwe imakanikizidwa mwamphamvu patsinde lalikulu ndi akasupe azitsulo zokhala ngati fan kuti apange chisindikizo. Bowo laling'ono la ngalande limatsegulidwa mu mphete yosindikizira kuti mutulutse madzi otuluka. Imasindikizidwa makamaka m'madzi oyera, ndipo kukana kwake kumagwira ntchito bwino ndi dothi lomwe lili ndi madzi. Mapangidwe a chisindikizo ndi ovuta, kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza kumakhala kovuta, ntchito ya kasupe sikophweka kuonetsetsa, ndipo kudziletsa kwa radial pambuyo pa kukangana kumakhala kochepa, kotero kwachotsedwa kwenikweni ndikusinthidwa ndi chisindikizo chakumapeto.
(3) Kuyika chisindikizo. Kuyika chisindikizo kumapangidwa ndi mphete yosindikizira pansi, kulongedza, mphete yosindikizira madzi, chitoliro chosindikizira chamadzi ndi gland. Imagwira makamaka ntchito yosindikiza ndikulongedza pakati pa mphete yosindikizira yapansi ndi manja a gland. Chisindikizocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magulu ang'onoang'ono opingasa.
(4) Chisindikizo cha nkhope. Chisindikizo cha nkhope * * * mtundu wamakina ndi mtundu wa hydraulic. Chisindikizo chakumapeto kwa makina chimadalira kasupe kukoka chimbale chokhala ndi chipika chozungulira, kuti chipika chozungulira cha rabara chikhale pafupi ndi mphete yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri yokhazikika pa shaft yayikulu kuti igwire ntchito yosindikiza. Mphete yosindikiza mphira imakhazikika pachivundikiro chapamwamba (kapena chivundikiro chothandizira) cha hydraulic turbine. Mtundu woterewu wosindikizira ndi wosavuta komanso wosavuta kusintha, koma mphamvu ya kasupe imakhala yosagwirizana, yomwe imakonda kutsekereza eccentric, kuvala komanso kusindikiza kosakhazikika.
(5) Chisindikizo cha mphete cha Labyrinth. Labyrinth ring seal ndi mtundu watsopano wa chisindikizo m'zaka zaposachedwa. Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndi yakuti chipangizo cha pampu chimayikidwa pamwamba pa wothamanga wa turbine. Chifukwa cha kuyamwa kwa mbale ya mpope, shaft flange yayikulu nthawi zonse imakhala mumlengalenga. Palibe kulumikizana pakati pa shaft ndi shaft chisindikizo, ndipo pali mpweya wokha. Chisindikizocho chimakhala ndi moyo wautali wautumiki. Chisindikizo chachikulu cha shaft ndi mtundu wosalumikizana ndi labyrinth, womwe umapangidwa ndi manja ozungulira pafupi ndi shaft, bokosi losindikizira, chitoliro chachikulu cha shaft seal drainage ndi zigawo zina. Pansi pa ntchito yanthawi zonse ya turbine, palibe kukakamiza kwa madzi pabokosi losindikiza mkati mwamtundu wonse wa katundu. Pulati yopopera pa wothamanga imazungulira ndi wothamanga kuti madzi ndi zolimba zisalowe mu chisindikizo chachikulu cha shaft. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chitoliro chopopera chopopera chimalepheretsa mchenga kapena zinthu zolimba kuti zisawunjike pansi pa chivundikiro chapamwamba cha turbine yamadzi, ndikutulutsa madzi pang'ono kupyolera mu mphete yopita kumtunda kupita kumadzi amchira kupyolera mu chitoliro chopopera madzi.
Awa ndi magulu anayi akuluakulu a zisindikizo za turbine. M'magulu anayiwa, chisindikizo cha mphete cha labyrinth, monga teknoloji yatsopano yosindikizira, imatha kuteteza bwino madzi otsekemera pa bokosi losindikizidwa, lomwe latengedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi malo ambiri a hydropower, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-24-2022
