Pali mitundu yambiri ya majenereta opangira magetsi. Lero, ndikuwonetsa mwatsatanetsatane majenereta a axial flow hydroelectric. Kugwiritsa ntchito majenereta a axial flow turbine m'zaka zaposachedwa makamaka ndikukula kwa mutu wapamwamba komanso kukula kwakukulu. Ma turbines apanyumba axial-flow akukula mwachangu. Ma turbines awiri amtundu wa axial-flow paddle omwe adayikidwa pa Gezhouba Hydropower Station amangidwa. Mmodzi wa iwo ali ndi m'mimba mwake wa mamita 11.3, yomwe panopa ndi yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. . Nazi ubwino ndi kuipa kwa axial flow turbines.
Ubwino wa axial flow turbine
Poyerekeza ndi ma turbines a Francis, ma axial flow turbines ali ndi zabwino izi:
1. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwapadera ndi makhalidwe abwino a mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, liwiro lake lagawo ndikuyenda kwagawo ndizokwera kuposa za turbine ya Francis. Pansi pamutu womwewo wamadzi ndi zikhalidwe zotulutsa, zimatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kukula kwa turbine jenereta yamagetsi, kuchepetsa kulemera kwa unit, ndikupulumutsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu, kotero ndizopanda ndalama. apamwamba.
2. Mawonekedwe a pamwamba ndi roughness pamwamba pa wothamanga tsamba la axial flow turbine akhoza kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga. Chifukwa masamba a turbine ya axial-flow rotary-paddle turbine amatha kusinthasintha, magwiridwe antchito ake amakhala apamwamba kuposa amagetsi osakanikirana. Pamene katundu ndi mutu wamadzi umasintha, mphamvu zake sizisintha kwambiri.
3. Masamba othamanga a axial-flow paddle turbine akhoza kupasuka, omwe ndi abwino kupanga ndi kuyendetsa.
Choncho, turbine ya axial flow turbine imatha kukhala yokhazikika pamagulu akuluakulu ogwirira ntchito, osagwedezeka pang'ono, komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kutulutsa. Pamitu yotsika, yatsala pang'ono kulowa m'malo mwa turbine ya Francis. M'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, pokhudzana ndi mphamvu imodzi ya unit ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mutu wa madzi, pakhala chitukuko chachikulu, ndipo ntchito yake ndi yaikulu kwambiri.
Zoyipa za axial flow turbine
Komabe, axial flow turbine ilinso ndi zofooka ndipo imachepetsa kuchuluka kwake kogwiritsa ntchito. Zolakwika zazikulu ndi izi:
1. Chiwerengero cha masamba ndi chaching'ono, ndipo ndi cantilever, kotero mphamvu zake ndi zosauka, ndipo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo opangira magetsi apakati ndi apamwamba.
2. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka unit ndi liwiro lalikulu la unit, ili ndi kutalika kocheperako kuposa turbine ya Francis pansi pa mutu womwewo, zomwe zimapangitsa kukumba kwakukulu kwa maziko a malo opangira magetsi komanso ndalama zambiri.
Malingana ndi zofooka zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa za ma axial flow turbines, zida zatsopano zotsutsana ndi cavitation zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makina opangira magetsi ndipo mphamvu ya masamba imapangidwa bwino pakupanga, kuti mutu wa ntchito wa axial flow turbines upitirire bwino. Pakalipano, mutu wa ntchito ya axial-flow paddle turbine ndi 3 mpaka 90 m, ndipo walowa m'dera la turbine ya Francis. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa ma unit single-unit kutulutsa kwa ma axial-flow paddle turbines akunja ndi 181,700 kW, pamwamba pamadzi mutu ndi 88m, ndipo m'mimba mwake wothamanga ndi 10.3m. Kutulutsa kwakukulu kwa makina amodzi a axial-flow paddle turbine opangidwa m'dziko langa ndi 175,000 kW, mutu wapamwamba wamadzi ndi 78m, ndipo kutalika kwake kothamanga ndi 11.3m. The axial-flow fixed-propeller turbine ili ndi masamba okhazikika komanso mawonekedwe osavuta, koma sangathe kutengera masiteshoni a hydropower ndi kusintha kwakukulu pamutu wamadzi ndi katundu. Ili ndi mutu wokhazikika wamadzi ndipo imagwira ntchito ngati malo oyambira kapena malo opangira magetsi ambiri. Pamene mphamvu ya nyengo imakhala yochuluka, kuyerekezera kwachuma kumathekanso. Ikhoza kuganiziridwa. Kutalika kwake ndi 3-50 m. Ma turbine a axial-flow paddle nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zida zoyima. Njira yake yogwirira ntchito ndiyofanana ndi ya Francis turbines. Kusiyanitsa ndiko kuti pamene katundu akusintha, sikuti amangoyendetsa kasinthasintha kawongoleretsa. , Pamene ndikusinthanso kuzungulira kwa masamba othamanga kuti mukhalebe bwino.
M'mbuyomu, tidayambitsanso ma turbine a Francis. Pakati pa ma generator a turbine, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ma turbine a Francis ndi ma axial flow turbines. Mwachitsanzo, mapangidwe a othamanga awo ndi osiyana. Masamba a ma turbines a Francis amakhala pafupifupi kufananiza ndi shaft yayikulu, pomwe ma axial flow turbines amakhala pafupifupi perpendicular ku shaft yayikulu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-11-2021
