Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-hydro generator. Namuhla, ake sethule i-axial-flow hydro generator ngokuningiliziwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-axial-flow hydro generator eminyakeni yamuva ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukiswa kwekhanda lamanzi aphezulu kanye nosayizi omkhulu. Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-axial-flow turbines asekhaya nakho kuyashesha. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-axial-flow paddle turbines afakwe esiteshini esakhiwe ngamanzi e-Gezhouba, esisodwa sazo esinobubanzi be-runner engu-11.3m, okuwububanzi bomgijimi wamaturbine afanayo emhlabeni. Nazi izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwe-intermediate axial flow turbine.
Izinzuzo ze-axial flow turbine
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Francis turbine, i-axial-flow turbine inezinzuzo eziyinhloko ezilandelayo:
1. Isivinini esithile esiphezulu kanye nezici ezinhle zamandla. Ngakho-ke, isivinini seyunithi nokugeleza kweyunithi kuphakeme kunaleyo ye-Francis turbine. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zekhanda kanye nokuphumayo, kunganciphisa kakhulu ubukhulu beyunithi ye-hydraulic turbine generator, ukunciphisa isisindo seyunithi nokugcina ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ngakho-ke kunezinzuzo eziphezulu zezomnotho.
2. Ukuma okungaphezulu kanye nokuqina kwengaphezulu kwama-runner blades e-axial-flow turbine kulula ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-blades e-axial flow propeller turbine angazungeza, ukusebenza kahle okumaphakathi kungaphezulu kwalokho kwe-Francis turbine. Lapho umthwalo nekhanda lishintsha, ukusebenza kahle kushintsha kancane.
3. Ama-runner blades we-axial flow paddle turbine angahlakazwa ukuze kube lula ukukhiqiza nokuhamba.
Ngakho-ke, i-axial-flow turbine igcina izinzile ebangeni elikhulu lokusebenza, inokudlidliza okuncane, futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nokukhiphayo. Ebangeni lekhanda lamanzi aphansi, licishe lingene esikhundleni se-Francis turbine. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, yenze intuthuko enkulu kanye nokusetshenziswa okubanzi mayelana nomthamo weyunithi eyodwa kanye nekhanda lamanzi.
3. Ukungalungi kwe-axial flow turbine
Kodwa-ke, i-axial-flow turbine nayo inokungalungi futhi ikhawulela ububanzi bayo bokusebenza. Ukungalungi kwayo okuyinhloko yizi:
1. Inombolo yama-blades incane futhi i-cantilever, ngakho-ke amandla ampofu futhi awakwazi ukusetshenziswa eziteshini zamanzi aphakathi nendawo aphezulu.
2. Ngenxa yokugeleza kweyunithi enkulu kanye nesivinini seyunithi ephezulu, inobude obuncane bokumunca kune-Francis turbine ngaphansi kwekhanda lamanzi elifanayo, okuholela ekujuleni okukhulu kokumba kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kwesisekelo sesiteshi sikagesi.
Ngokusho kwamaphutha angenhla we-axial-flow turbine, inhloko yesicelo se-axial-flow turbine ithuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo ngokwamukela izinto ezintsha ezinamandla amakhulu kanye nokumelana ne-cavitation ekukhiqizeni i-turbine kanye nokuthuthukisa isimo sokucindezeleka kwama-blade ekuklanyeni. Njengamanje, uhla lwekhanda lohlelo lokusebenza lwe-axial flow propeller turbine luyi-3-90 m, olungene endaweni ye-Francis turbine. Isibonelo, ukuphuma * * * komshini owodwa we-axial flow propeller turbine yangaphandle ngu-181700 kW, * * * ikhanda lingu-88m, kanti ububanzi bomgijimi bungu-10.3M. Ukukhipha okukodwa kwe-axial flow propeller turbine ekhiqizwa eChina ingu-175000 kW, * * * ikhanda lingu-78m, kanti ububanzi be-* * * umgijimi bungu-11.3m. I-Axial flow fixed propeller turbine inama-blade angaguquki kanye nesakhiwo esilula, kodwa ayikwazi ukuzivumelanisa neziteshi zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi anezinguquko ezinkulu ekhanda lamanzi nomthwalo. Eziteshini ezinkulu zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi ezinekhanda lamanzi elizinzile futhi elisebenza njengomthwalo oyisisekelo noma amayunithi amaningi, kungabuye kucatshangelwe ngemva kokuqhathanisa kwezomnotho lapho amandla kagesi esizini eningi. Ibanga layo lekhanda lamanzi elisebenzayo liyi-3-50m. I-Axial flow propeller turbine ngokuvamile yamukela idivayisi eqondile, futhi inqubo yayo yokusebenza ngokuyisisekelo ifana neye-Francis turbine, Umehluko wukuthi lapho umthwalo ushintsha, awugcini nje ngokulawula ukujikeleza kwe-vane yomhlahlandlela, kodwa futhi ulawula ukujikeleza kwe-blade yomgijimi ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu.
Sethule nenjini kaFrancis ngaphambilini. Phakathi kwamajeneretha e-hydro, i-Francis turbine yehluke kakhulu kune-axial-flow turbine. Isibonelo, izinhlobo zesakhiwo somgijimi wazo zihlukile. Izindwani ze-Francis turbine zicishe zihambisane ne-shaft eyinhloko, kuyilapho lezo ze-axial flow turbine zicishe ziqonde ngqo kumphini omkhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-19-2022
