1. Uvavanyo lokucinywa komthwalo kunye novavanyo lokucinywa komthwalo kwiiyunithi zejenereyitha yamanzi kufuneka lwenziwe ngokutshintshana. Emva kokuba iyunithi ilayishiwe okokuqala, ukusebenza kweyunithi kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo ze-electromechanical kuya kujongwa. Ukuba akukho nto ingaqhelekanga, uvavanyo lokwaliwa komthwalo lunokwenziwa ngokweemeko zenkqubo.
2. Ngexesha lovavanyo lomthwalo weyunithi yokuvelisa iturbine yamanzi, umthwalo osebenzayo kufuneka wonyuswe inyathelo ngenyathelo, kwaye ukusebenza kwenxalenye nganye yeyunithi kunye nesibonakaliso sesixhobo ngasinye kufuneka kujongwe kwaye kurekhodwe. Jonga kwaye ulinganise uluhlu lokungcangcazela kunye nobukhulu beyunithi phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zomthwalo, ulinganise ixabiso loxinzelelo lwe-draft tube, uqwalasele imeko yokusebenza yesixhobo sokuqondisa amanzi seturbine ye-hydraulic, kwaye wenze uvavanyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
3. Yenza uvavanyo lwenkqubo yokulawula isantya seyunithi ephantsi komthwalo. Jonga uzinzo lolawulo lweyunithi kunye nenkqubo yokutshintshana phantsi kwemowudi yokulawula isantya kunye namandla. Kwi-propeller turbine, jonga ukuba ubudlelwane bonxibelelwano lwenkqubo yokulawula isantya buchanekile na.
4. Yenza uvavanyo lokunyusa umthwalo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokunciphisa iyunithi. Ngokweemeko zendawo, umthwalo okhawulezileyo weyunithi awuyi kutshintsha ngaphezu komthwalo olinganisiweyo, kwaye inkqubo yokutshintsha isantya seyunithi, uxinzelelo lwamanzi oluguquguqukayo, uxinzelelo lwetyhubhu yedrafti, ukubetheka kwe-servomotor kunye notshintsho lwamandla kufuneka zirekhodwe ngokuzenzekelayo. Kwinkqubo yokunyuka komthwalo, qaphela ukujonga nokujonga ukungcangcazela kweyunithi, kwaye urekhode umthwalo ohambelanayo, intloko yeyunithi kunye nezinye iiparameter. Ukuba iyunithi inokungcangcazela okucacileyo phantsi kwentloko yamanzi yangoku, kufuneka iwele ngokukhawuleza.
5. Yenza uvavanyo lomlawuli wokuvuselela iyunithi yejenereyitha yamanzi ephantsi komthwalo:
1) Ukuba kunokwenzeka, lungisa amandla asebenzayo ejenereyitha ukusuka kwi-zero ukuya kwixabiso elilinganisiweyo ngokweemfuno zoyilo xa amandla asebenzayo ejenereyitha eyi-0%, 50% kunye ne-100% yexabiso elilinganisiweyo ngokulandelelanayo, kwaye uhlengahlengiso luya kuzinza kwaye lungapheleli.
2) Ukuba kunokwenzeka, linganisa kwaye ubale izinga lolawulo lwe-terminal voltage ye-hydro generator, kwaye iimpawu zolawulo kufuneka zibe nomgca olungileyo kwaye zihlangabezane neemfuno zoyilo.
3) Ukuba kunokwenzeka, linganisa kwaye ubale izinga lomahluko woxinzelelo olungashukumiyo lwejenereyitha yamanzi, kwaye ixabiso layo liya kuhlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo. Xa kungekho migaqo yoyilo, ayizukuba ngaphezu kwe-0.2%, -, 1% yohlobo lwe-elektroniki kunye ne-1%, - 3% yohlobo lwe-electromagnetic.
4) Kumlawuli wokuvuselela i-thyristor, kufuneka kwenziwe uvavanyo kunye noseto oluhlukeneyo lomda kunye nokhuseleko ngokulandelelana.
5) Kwiiyunithi ezixhotyiswe ngenkqubo yozinzo lwenkqubo yamandla (PSS), umthwalo olinganisiweyo we-10% - 15% uya kutshintshwa ngequbuliso, kungenjalo umsebenzi wawo uya kuchaphazeleka.
6. Xa kulungiswa umthwalo osebenzayo kunye nomthwalo osebenzayo weyunithi, kuya kwenziwa kwirhuluneli yengingqi kunye nesixhobo sokuvuselela ngokwahlukeneyo, emva koko kulawulwe kwaye kulungiswe ngenkqubo yolawulo lwekhompyutha.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-14-2022
