Ulwazi olusisiseko lwamandla ombane kunye nejenereyitha yamanzi

1, Ukwahlulwa komthamo kunye nebakala lejenereyitha ye-hydro
Okwangoku, akukho mgangatho udityanisiweyo wokuhlelwa komthamo kunye nesantya sejeneretha ye-hydro emhlabeni. Ngokwemeko yase-China, amandla kunye nesantya sayo sinokwahlulwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokwetheyibhile ilandelayo:
Ulwahlulo olulinganiswe amandla PN (kw) isantya esilinganiselwe NN (R / min);
Isantya esiphantsi, isantya esiphakathi kunye nesantya esiphezulu;
I-Micro generator ye-hydro <100 750-1500;
I-generator encinci ye-hydro 100-500 <375-600 750-1500;
Ubungakanani obuphakathi be-hydro generator 500-10000 <375-600 750-1500; Ijenereyitha enkulu ye-hydro > 10000 < 100-375 > 375;

2, Uhlobo lofakelo lwesakhiwo se-hydro generator
Ulwakhiwo lofakelo lwe-hydro generator ludla ngokumiselwa luhlobo lwe-hydraulic turbine. Kukho ikakhulu ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

1) Ulwakhiwo oluthe tye
Iijenereyitha zeHydro ezinesakhiwo esithe tye zidla ngokuqhutywa ziiinjini zomoya. Iiyunithi ze turbine yamanzi ezithe tyaba zihlala zisebenzisa iibheringi ezimbini okanye ezintathu. Ukwakhiwa kweebheringi ezimbini kuneenzuzo zobude obufutshane be-axial, ukwakheka kobumbano kunye nofakelo olufanelekileyo kunye nohlengahlengiso. Nangona kunjalo, xa isantya esibalulekileyo se-shafting asikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno okanye umthwalo wokuthwala ukhulu, ukwakhiwa kwezintathu ezintathu kufuneka zamkelwe. Uninzi lweeyunithi zejenereyitha ze hydraulic turbine zasekhaya zezeyunithi ezincinci neziphakathi. Iiyunithi ezinkulu ezithe tyaba ezinomthamo we-12.5mw nazo ziveliswa. Iiyunithi ezithe tyaba zejenereyitha yeijini yamanzi eziveliswa kumazwe angaphandle azinqabile ezinomthamo wama-60-70mw, ngelixa iiyunithi ezithe tyaba zejenereyitha yeijinijeyitha yamanzi ezinezikhululo zamandla ezimpontshwayo zogcino zinokuba nomthamo omnye weyunithi engama-300MW.

2) Isakhiwo esithe nkqo
Ulwakhiwo oluthe nkqo lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiyunithi zejenereyitha zamanzi asekhaya. Iiyunithi zejenereyitha zamanzi ezithe nkqo zidla ngokuqhutywa nguFrancis okanye ii-axial-flow turbines. Ulwakhiwo oluthe nkqo lunokwahlulwa lube luhlobo lokunqunyanyiswa kunye nohlobo lweambrela. I-thrust bearing ye-generator ebekwe kwindawo ephezulu ye-rotor ngokudibeneyo ibizwa ngokuba luhlobo olumisiweyo, kwaye i-thrust bear ibekwe kwindawo esezantsi ye-rotor ngokudibeneyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-ambrela type.

3) Isakhiwo seTubula
Iyunithi yejenereyitha ye-tubular turbine iqhutywa yi-tubular turbine. I-tubular turbine luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-axial-flow turbine enamagqabi angatshintshiyo okanye ahlengahlengiswayo. Isici sayo esiphambili kukuba i-axis ye-runner ihlelwe ngokuthe tye okanye i-oblique, kwaye ulwalathiso lokuhamba luhambelana nombhobho wokungena kunye nombhobho wokuphuma we-turbine. I-Tubular Hydrogenerator ineenzuzo zesakhiwo esincinci kunye nobunzima obulula. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizikhululo zamandla ezinentloko yamanzi aphantsi.

3. Amalungu esakhiwo sejenereyitha ye-hydro
Ijenereyitha ye-hydro ethe nkqo ibandakanya i-stator, i-rotor, isakhelo esiphezulu, isakhelo esisezantsi, i-thrust bearing, i-guide bear, i-air cooler kunye ne-injini yemagnethi esisigxina.