Chidziwitso choyambira cha magetsi amadzi ndi jenereta yamadzi

1. Gawo la mphamvu ndi kalasi ya jenereta yamadzi
Pakadali pano, palibe muyezo wofanana wa gulu la mphamvu ndi liwiro la jenereta yamadzi padziko lonse lapansi. Malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili ku China, mphamvu ndi liwiro lake zitha kugawidwa motsatira tebulo ili:
Gulu la mphamvu yovotera PN (kw) liwiro lovotera NN (R / min);
Liwiro lotsika, liwiro lapakati komanso liwiro lalikulu;
Jenereta yamagetsi yaying'ono < 100 750-1500;
Jenereta yaying'ono yamadzi 100-500 < 375-600 750-1500;
Jenereta yamadzi yapakatikati 500-10000 < 375-600 750-1500; Jenereta yayikulu yamadzi > 10000 < 100-375 > 375;

2, Mtundu wa kapangidwe ka jenereta yamadzi
Kapangidwe ka makina opangira magetsi nthawi zambiri kamadalira mtundu wa makina opangira magetsi. Pali mitundu iyi makamaka:

1) Kapangidwe kopingasa
Majenereta amadzi okhala ndi kapangidwe kopingasa nthawi zambiri amayendetsedwa ndi ma turbine a impulse. Ma turbine amadzi opingasa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma bearing awiri kapena atatu. Kapangidwe ka ma bearing awiriwa kali ndi ubwino wa kutalika kwa axial kochepa, kapangidwe kakang'ono komanso kuyika ndi kusintha kosavuta. Komabe, pamene liwiro lofunikira la shaft silingakwaniritse zofunikira kapena katundu wonyamula ndi waukulu, kapangidwe ka ma bearing atatu kayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ma generator ambiri a hydraulic turbine a m'nyumba ndi a mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati. Mayunitsi akuluakulu opingasa okhala ndi mphamvu ya 12.5mw amapangidwanso. Ma generator a turbine amadzi opingasa omwe amapangidwa kunja si osowa okhala ndi mphamvu ya 60-70mw, pomwe ma generator a turbine amadzi opingasa okhala ndi malo osungira magetsi opompedwa amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu ya unit imodzi ya 300MW.

2) Kapangidwe koyima
Kapangidwe koyima kamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mayunitsi opanga ma turbine amadzi apakhomo. Mayunitsi opanga ma turbine amadzi oyima nthawi zambiri amayendetsedwa ndi ma turbine a Francis kapena axial-flow. Kapangidwe koyima kangagawidwe m'mitundu yoyimitsidwa ndi mtundu wa ambulera. Chogwirira cha jenereta chomwe chili pamwamba pa rotor chimatchedwa mtundu woyimitsidwa, ndipo chogwirira cha thonje chomwe chili pansi pa rotor chimatchedwanso mtundu wa ambulera.

3) Kapangidwe ka Tubular
Chida chopangira ma turbine a tubular chimayendetsedwa ndi turbine ya tubular. Tubular turbine ndi mtundu wapadera wa turbine yoyenda ndi axial yokhala ndi masamba okhazikika kapena osinthika. Mbali yake yayikulu ndi yakuti mzere wothamanga umakonzedwa mopingasa kapena mopingasa, ndipo njira yoyendera imagwirizana ndi ya payipi yolowera ndi payipi yotulukira ya turbine. Tubular Hydrogenerator ili ndi ubwino wokhala ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono komanso kulemera kopepuka. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo opangira magetsi okhala ndi mutu wochepa wamadzi.

3, Zigawo za kapangidwe ka jenereta ya hydro
Jenereta ya hydro yoyima makamaka imaphatikizapo stator, rotor, chimango chapamwamba, chimango chapansi, chogwirira cha thrust, chogwirira cha chitsogozo, choziziritsira mpweya ndi turbine yamaginito yokhazikika.