Ngaba kukho naziphi na iiGenereyitha zeHydro ongazaziyo

1, Ukwahlulwa komthamo kunye nebakala lejenereyitha ye-hydro
Okwangoku, akukho mgangatho udityanisiweyo wokuhlelwa komthamo kunye nesantya sejeneretha ye-hydro emhlabeni.Ngokwemeko yaseTshayina, amandla ayo kunye nesantya sinokwahlulwa ngokulinganayo ngokwetheyibhile ilandelayo:

Ulwahlulo olulinganiswe lwamandla PN (kw) olukalwe ngesantya NN (R / min)
Isantya esisezantsi isantya esiphakathi isantya esiphezulu
Micro generator hydro < 100 750-1500
Ijenereyitha encinci ye-hydro 100-500 < 375-600 750-1500
Ubungakanani obuphakathi hydro generator 500-10000 < 375-600 750-1500
Ijenereyitha enkulu ye-hydro > 10000 < 100-375 > 375

2, Uhlobo lofakelo lwesakhiwo se-hydro generator
Ulwakhiwo lofakelo lwe-hydro generator ludla ngokumiselwa luhlobo lwe-hydraulic turbine.Kukho ikakhulu ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

1) Ulwakhiwo oluthe tye
Iijenereyitha ze-hydro ezithe tyaba zihlala ziqhutywa ziiinjini zomoya.Iiyunithi ze turbine yamanzi ezithe tyaba zihlala zisebenzisa iibheringi ezimbini okanye ezintathu.Ukwakhiwa kweebherethi ezimbini kuneenzuzo zobude obufutshane be-axial, isakhiwo esidibeneyo kunye nofakelo olufanelekileyo kunye nohlengahlengiso.Nangona kunjalo, xa isantya esibalulekileyo senkqubo ye-shaft asikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno okanye umthwalo wokuthwala ukhulu, ukwakhiwa kwezintathu ezintathu kufuneka zamkelwe.Uninzi lweeyunithi zejenereyitha ze hydraulic turbine zasekhaya zezeyunithi ezincinci neziphakathi.Iiyunithi ezinkulu ezithe tyaba ezinomthamo we-12.5mw nazo ziveliswa.Iiyunithi ezithe tyaba zejenereyitha yeijini yamanzi eziveliswa kumazwe angaphandle azinqabile ezinomthamo wama-60-70mw, ngelixa iiyunithi ezithe tyaba zejenereyitha yeinjini yeijini yamanzi ezinezikhululo zamandla ezimponthiweyo zogcino zinokuba nomthamo omnye weyunithi engama-300MW.

2) Isakhiwo esithe nkqo
Ulwakhiwo oluthe nkqo lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiyunithi zejenereyitha zamanzi asekhaya.Iiyunithi zejenereyitha zamanzi ezithe nkqo zidla ngokuqhutywa nguFrancis okanye i-axial-flow turbines.Ulwakhiwo oluthe nkqo lunokwahlulwa lube luhlobo lokunqunyanyiswa kunye nohlobo lweambrela.I-thrust bearing ye-generator ebekwe kwindawo ephezulu ye-rotor ngokudibeneyo ibizwa ngokuba luhlobo olumisiweyo, kwaye i-thrust bear ibekwe kwindawo esezantsi ye-rotor ngokudibeneyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-ambrella type.

3) Isakhiwo seTubula
Iyunithi yejenereyitha ye-tubular turbine iqhutywa yi-tubular turbine.I-tubular turbine luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-axial-flow turbine enamagqabi angatshintshiyo okanye ahlengahlengiswayo.Isici sayo esiphambili kukuba i-axis ye-runner ihlelwe ngokuthe tye okanye i-oblique, kwaye ulwalathiso lokuhamba luhambelana nombhobho wokungena kunye nombhobho wokuphuma we-turbine.I-Tubular Hydrogenerator ineenzuzo zesakhiwo esincinci kunye nobunzima obulula.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizikhululo zamandla ezinentloko yamanzi aphantsi.

3. Amalungu esakhiwo sejenereyitha ye-hydro
Ijenereyitha ye-hydro ethe nkqo ibandakanya i-stator, i-rotor, isakhelo esiphezulu, isakhelo esisezantsi, i-thrust bearing, i-guide bear, i-air cooler kunye ne-injini yemagnethi esisigxina.