Ijenereyitha yoMbane ongomnye waMandla wamanzi 500KW uFrancis Hydro Turbine Generator eUzbekistan
Inkcazo yeinjini yomoya kaFrancis yindibaniselwano yazo zombini i-ipulse kunye ne-reaction turbine, apho iibhleyidi zijikeleza zisebenzisa zombini ukusabela kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwamandla amanzi aqukuqela kuzo ukuvelisa umbane ngokufanelekileyo. I-Francis turbine isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kombane rhoqo kwizikhululo zombane eziphakathi okanye ezinkulu.
Ezi turbines zingasetyenziselwa iintloko ezisezantsi njenge-2 yeemitha kunye nokuphakama okungama-300 eemitha. Ukongeza, ezi turbines ziluncedo njengoko zisebenza ngokulinganayo xa zibekwe ngokuthe tye njengoko zisenza xa zijongiswe ngokuthe nkqo. Amanzi ahamba kwiinjini yomoya kaFrancis alahlekelwa luxinzelelo, kodwa ahlala ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwesantya esifanayo, ngoko ke aya kuthathwa njenge turbine yokusabela.
Inkcazo yomzobo wecandelo ngalinye le-Francis turbine ilandelayo.
I-Spiral Casing
I-spiral casing yindawo yokungena yamanzi kwi-injini yomoya. Amanzi aqukuqelayo esuka kwidama okanye kwidama enziwa ukuba adlule kulo mbhobho ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Iincakuba zeeinjini zomoya zibekwe ngesangqa, nto leyo ethetha ukuba amanzi abetha iincakuba zeinjini yomoya kufuneka aqukuqelele kwi-axis ejikelezayo ukwenzela ukubetha okusebenzayo. Ngoko ke i-spiral casing isetyenziswa, kodwa ngenxa yentshukumo ejikelezayo yamanzi, ilahlekelwa luxinzelelo lwayo.
Ukugcina uxinzelelo olufanayo i-diameter ye-casing iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe, ngoko ke, isantya esifanayo okanye isantya esibetha iiblades zembaleki.
Hlala Vanes
Hlala kwaye ukhokele ii-vanes zikhokelela amanzi kwiincakuba zembaleki. I-vanes ehlala ihleli imile kwindawo yazo kwaye inciphisa ukujikeleza kwamanzi ngenxa yokuhamba kwe-radial, njengoko ingena kwii-blades zembaleki, ngaloo ndlela, yenza i-iturbine isebenze ngakumbi.
Isikhokelo Vanes
Izibonda ezikhokelayo azimi, ziyayitshintsha i-engile yazo ngokwemfuneko yokulawula i-engile yokubethwa kwamanzi ukuya kwiibhleyidi ze-iturbine ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Bakwalawula umyinge wokuhamba kwamanzi kwiincakuba zembaleki ngaloo ndlela belawula ukuphuma kwamandla einjini yomoya ngokomthwalo okwiinjini yomoya.
IiBlades zeMbaleki
Iincakuba zembaleki yintliziyo yayo nayiphi na i-Francis turbine. La ngamaziko apho ulwelo lubetha khona kunye namandla e-tangential empembelelo abangela ukuba i-shaft ye-iturbine ijikeleze, ivelise i-torque. Vala ingqalelo kuyilo lwee-engile ze-blade kwindawo yokungena kunye ne-outlet iyimfuneko, njengoko ezi ziparamitha eziphambili ezichaphazela ukuveliswa kwamandla.
Iincakuba zembaleki zineenxalenye ezimbini. Isiqingatha esisezantsi senziwe ngokumila kwebhakethi encinci ukujikelezisa i-injini yomoya ngokusebenzisa intshukumo yentshukumo yamanzi. Ngelixa indawo ephezulu yeencakuba isebenzisa amandla okusabela aqukuqela kuwo. Imbaleki ijikeleza kule mikhosi mibini.
Umbhobho oyilwayo
Uxinzelelo ekuphumeni kwembaleki ye-injini yokusabela luba ngaphantsi koxinzelelo lwe-atmospheri. Amanzi ekuphumeni, akanakukhutshelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-tailrace. Ityhubhu okanye umbhobho wendawo ekhula ngokuthe ngcembe isetyenziselwa ukukhupha amanzi ukusuka kwindawo yokuphuma kwi-iturbine ukuya kwitailrace.
Le tyhubhu yendawo eyandayo ibizwa ngokuba yiDraft Tube. Esinye isiphelo sombhobho sidityaniswe kwindawo yokuphuma komgijimi. Noko ke, elinye icala lintywiliselwa ngaphantsi komgangatho wamanzi kugqatso lomsila.
UFrancis Turbine Umgaqo wokuSebenza ngoMzobo
Iiinjini zomoya zaseFrancis zisebenza rhoqo kwizityalo zamandla ombane wamanzi. Kwezi zixhobo zamandla, amanzi anoxinzelelo oluphezulu angena kwi-injini yomoya ngeqokobhe lenkumba (i-volute). Le ntshukumo inciphisa uxinzelelo lwamanzi njengoko ijikeleza ngetyhubhu; nangona kunjalo, isantya samanzi sihlala singatshintshi. Emva kokudlula kwi-volute, amanzi aqukuqela kwii-vanes zesikhokelo kwaye aqondiswe kwiincakuba zembaleki kwii-engile ezifanelekileyo. Ekubeni amanzi enqumla iincakuba ezigobileyo zembaleki, amanzi ayaphambukiswa ngandlel’ ithile. Oku kwenza amanzi aphulukane nenxalenye yentshukumo yawo “yesaqhwithi”. Amanzi aphinde ajikwe kwicala le-axial ukuphuma kwityhubhu eyidrafti ukuya kugqatso lomsila.
Ityhubhu ekhankanyiweyo inciphisa isantya sokuphuma kwamanzi ukuze ifumane ubuninzi bamandla kumanzi angenawo. Inkqubo yokuphambukiswa kwamanzi ngeencakuba zembaleki iphumela kumandla aqhubela amaphiko kwelinye icala njengoko amanzi ephambukiswa. Loo mandla okusabela (njengoko sisazi kumthetho wesithathu kaNewton) ngawona enza amandla ukuba athwalwe ukusuka emanzini ukuya kwishafti yeinjini yomoya, ujikelezo oluqhubekayo. Ukusukela oko i-injini yomoya ihamba ngenxa yaloo mandla okusabela, iiinjini zomoya zeFrancis zichongwa njengeeinjini zokusabela. Inkqubo yokuguqula icala lokuhamba kwamanzi ikwanciphisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwiinjini yomoya ngokwayo.
Izinto eziluncedo kwimveliso
1.Umthamo opheleleyo wokuqhuba. Ezinje nge-5M CNC VTL OPERATOR, 130 & 150 CNC umgangatho oomatshini boring, iqondo lobushushu annealing eziko, umatshini wokusila planer, CNC machining centre ect.
2.Ubomi obuyiliweyo bungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40.
I-3.Forster inikezela ngenkonzo yexesha elinye lasimahla, ukuba umthengi uthenga iiyunithi ezintathu (umthamo ≥100kw) kunyaka omnye, okanye imali iyonke ingaphezulu kweeyunithi ezi-5. Inkonzo yesiza iquke ukuhlolwa kwezixhobo, ukujongwa kwesiza esitsha, ufakelo kunye noqeqesho logcino ect,.
4.OEM yamkelwe.
I-5.CNC machining, ibhalansi eguqukayo ivavanyiwe kunye ne-isothermal annealing processed, uvavanyo lwe-NDT.
6.Uyilo kunye ne-R&D Capabilities, iinjineli eziphezulu ezili-13 ezinamava kuyilo nakuphando.
7. Umcebisi wobugcisa ovela e-Forster usebenze kwi-hydro turbine efayilishwe iminyaka engama-50 kwaye wawonga iSibonelelo esiKhethekileyo seBhunga lesiZwe saseTshayina.
Ividiyo ye-500KW Francis Turbine Generator
