Jenereta ndi mota zimadziwika kuti ndi mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya zida zamakanika. Choyamba ndi kusintha mphamvu zina kukhala mphamvu zamagetsi kuti zipange mphamvu, pomwe mota imasintha mphamvu zamagetsi kukhala mphamvu zamakanika kuti zikokere zinthu zina. Komabe, ziwirizi sizingakhazikitsidwe ndikusinthidwa. Mitundu ina ya majenereta ndi mota imatha kusinthana pambuyo pa kapangidwe ndi kusintha. Komabe, ngati pali vuto, jenereta imasinthidwanso kukhala injini, yomwe ndi chitetezo chakumbuyo pansi pa mphamvu yakumbuyo ya jenereta yomwe tikufuna kukambirana lero.
Kodi mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo ndi chiyani?
Monga tonse tikudziwa, mphamvu ya jenereta iyenera kuyenda kuchokera ku jenereta kupita ku njira ya makina. Komabe, pazifukwa zina, pamene turbine yataya mphamvu ya injini ndipo chosinthira cha jenereta chalephera kugwa, mphamvu ya magetsi imasintha kuchokera ku makina kupita ku jenereta, ndiko kuti, jenereta imasintha kupita ku injini yomwe ikugwira ntchito. Panthawiyi, jenereta imatenga mphamvu yogwira ntchito kuchokera ku makina, omwe amatchedwa mphamvu yobwerera.
Kuvulaza mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo
Chitetezo cha mphamvu ya jenereta yobwerera m'mbuyo ndichakuti pamene valavu yayikulu ya throttle ya turbine ya nthunzi yatsekedwa pazifukwa zina ndipo mphamvu yoyambirira yatayika, jeneretayo imasanduka mota yoyendetsera turbine ya nthunzi kuti izungulire. Kuzungulira kwa liwiro la tsamba la turbine ya nthunzi popanda nthunzi kungayambitse kukangana kwa kuphulika, makamaka pa tsamba lomaliza, kungayambitse kutentha kwambiri ndikupangitsa kuti tsamba la rotor liwonongeke.
Chifukwa chake, chitetezo cha mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo kwenikweni ndi chitetezo cha turbine ya nthunzi popanda kugwiritsa ntchito nthunzi.
Chitetezo cha mphamvu chobwerera m'mbuyo cha jenereta
Pulogalamu ya jenereta yoteteza mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo makamaka imapangitsa kuti jenereta isagwe mwadzidzidzi chosinthira cha jenereta pansi pa katundu winawake ndipo valavu yayikulu ya throttle ya turbine ya nthunzi siitsekedwa kwathunthu. Pankhaniyi, chipangizo cha jenereta ya turbine ya nthunzi chimakonda kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri. Pofuna kupewa izi, pofuna kuteteza popanda vuto la short-circuit, chizindikiro cha zochita chikatumizidwa, chimayamba kugwira ntchito potseka valavu yayikulu ya nthunzi ya turbine ya nthunzi. Mphamvu yobwerera * * * ya jenereta ikagwira ntchito, imapanga valavu yokhala ndi chizindikiro chotseka valavu yayikulu ya nthunzi, kupanga pulogalamu yoteteza mphamvu yobwerera mmbuyo pakapita nthawi yochepa, ndipo ntchitoyi igwira ntchito nthawi yonse.
Kusiyana pakati pa chitetezo cha mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo ndi chitetezo cha mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo pulogalamu
Chitetezo cha mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo ndikuletsa jenereta kusanduka mota pambuyo pa mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo, kuyendetsa turbine ya nthunzi kuti izungulire ndikuwononga turbine ya nthunzi. Pomaliza, ndikuwopa kuti choyendetsa chachikulu chidzayendetsedwa ndi makinawo ngati chikusowa mphamvu!
Pulogalamu yoteteza mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo ndi yoteteza liwiro la turbine lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi valavu yayikulu ya throttle yomwe sinatsekedwe kwathunthu pambuyo poti jenereta yatsekedwa mwadzidzidzi, kotero mphamvu yobwerera mmbuyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa. Pomaliza, ndikuwopa kuti mphamvu yochulukirapo ya prime mover ingayambitse liwiro la chipangizocho.
Chifukwa chake, kunena zoona, chitetezo cha mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo ndi mtundu wa chitetezo cha jenereta yotumizira, koma makamaka chimateteza turbine ya nthunzi. Chitetezo cha mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo ya pulogalamu si chitetezo, koma njira yochitira zinthu yomwe imakhazikitsidwa kuti ikwaniritse kugwedezeka kwa pulogalamu, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kugwedezeka kwa pulogalamu, komwe nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa shutdown mode.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti bola mphamvu yobwerera ikafika pamtengo woikika, idzagwa. Kuwonjezera pa kufika pamtengo woikika, mphamvu yobwerera ya pulogalamuyo imafunanso kuti valavu yayikulu ya throttle ya turbine ya nthunzi itsekedwe. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu yobwerera iyenera kupewedwa panthawi yolumikizira gridi panthawi yoyambira.
Izi ndi ntchito za chitetezo cha jenereta chobwerera m'mbuyo komanso kufotokozera mphamvu ya jenereta yobwerera m'mbuyo. Pa jenereta ya turbine ya nthunzi yomwe ikugwira ntchito yolumikizidwa ndi gridi, idzagwira ntchito ngati mota yolumikizana pambuyo poti valavu yayikulu ya throttle ya turbine ya nthunzi yatsekedwa: kuyamwa mphamvu yogwira ntchito ndikukoka turbine ya nthunzi kuti izungulire, zomwe zimatha kutumiza mphamvu yogwira ntchito ku dongosolo. Pamene valavu yayikulu ya throttle ya turbine ya nthunzi yatsekedwa, tsamba lakumbuyo la turbine ya nthunzi limakhala ndi kukangana ndi nthunzi yotsala kuti ipange kutayika kwa kuphulika, komwe kumawonongeka chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri panthawi yogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Pakadali pano, chitetezo chobwerera mmbuyo chingateteze turbine ya nthunzi ku kuwonongeka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-10-2022
