Ua kūkulu ʻia ke kahua mana hydroelectric mua o ka honua ma Farani i ka makahiki 1878 a ua hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe hydroelectric e hana i ka uila. A hiki i kēia manawa, ua kapa ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā mea hana hydroelectric ka "lei" o ka hana Farani. Akā i ka makahiki 1878, ua hoʻolālā mua ka mea hoʻomohala hydroelectric. I ka makahiki 1856, ua puka mai ka mea hana kalepa DC Lianlian Alliance. I ka makahiki 1865, ua manaʻo ka Palani ʻo Casseven a me ka Italian Marko e hoʻohui i kahi generator DC a me kahi turbine wai e hana i ka uila. I ka makahiki 1874, ua hoʻolālā ʻo Piroski mai Rūsia i hoʻolālā e hoʻohuli i ka ikehu wai i ikehu uila. I ka makahiki 1878, ua kūkulu ʻia nā mea kanu wai uila mua loa ma ka honua ma Gragside Manor ma ʻEnelani a me Sirmite kokoke i Paris, Farani, a ua ʻike ʻia ka pūʻulu mua o DC hydroelectric generators. I ka makahiki 1891, ua hānau ʻia ka mea hoʻoheheʻe hydroelectric hou (Laufen Hydrogenerator Hydrogenerator) ma Ruitu Olican Company. Mai ka makahiki 1891 a hiki i kēia manawa, ua holomua ka holomua ma ka ʻenehana hana hydroelectric no nā makahiki he 100.
Kakahi mua (1891-1920)
I ka wā mua o ka hānau ʻana o nā mea hana hydroelectric, hoʻopili ka poʻe i kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe pololei maʻamau a i ʻole alternator i kahi turbine wai e hana i kahi pūʻulu o nā mea hana hydroelectric. I kēlā manawa, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻomohala hydroelectric i hoʻolālā kūikawā. I ka wā i kūkulu ʻia ai ka hale mana hydroelectric Lauffen i ka makahiki 1891, ua ʻike ʻia kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe hydroelectric i hoʻolālā ʻia. Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu wai wai mua, nā mea kanu kaʻawale me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka mana lako, ʻo nā ʻāpana o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia he haunaele nui, me nā ʻano uila a me nā alapine. ʻO ka hoʻolālā, ʻo ka hydro-generators ka hapa nui. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka hydro-generators i ka pae mua he DC generators, a ma hope, ʻike ʻia nā mea hoʻokalakupua hoʻokahi AC, ʻekolu-phase AC, a me ʻelua-phase AC hydro-generators.
ʻO nā hui hana hydro-generator kaulana loa i ka pae mua, ʻo ia ka BBC, Oelikon, Siemens, Westinghouse (WH), Edison a me General Motors (GE), etc., a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka mana hydro-turbine ʻelele. Corporation, 1893), a me ka Adams Hydropower Plant ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻAmelika o Niagara Falls (Niagara Falls) 5000hp two-phase AC hydroelectric generator (1894), 12MNV?A a me 16MV?A horizontal hydroelectric generators (1904-1912) ma ka Ontario Power Station ma ka ʻaoʻao Canada?A GE40VMV 1920 Type hydroelectric generator. Ua kūkulu ʻia ka hale mana wai ʻo Hellsjon ma Suedena i ka makahiki 1893. Ua hoʻolako ʻia ka hale mana me ʻehā 344kV?A ʻekolu-phase AC horizontal hydro-generator set. Ua hana ʻia nā mea hana e ka Hui Kūʻai Nui o Sweden (ASEA).
I ka makahiki 1891, ua mālama ʻia ka World Exposition ma Frankfurt, Kelemānia. I mea e hōʻike ai i ka hoʻouna ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano o kēia manawa ma ka hālāwai, ua hoʻonohonoho nā mea hoʻonohonoho o ka ʻaha kūkā i kahi pūʻulu o nā mea hana hydro-turbine ma ka hale kanu cement Portland ma Larffen, Kelemānia, 175km ka mamao. , No ke kukui hōʻikeʻike a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i kahi kaʻa hoʻokomo ʻekolu-phase 100hp. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka hydro-generator o Laufen Power Station e Brown, ka mea ʻenekinia nui o ka Hui ʻo Ruitu Oerlikon, a i hana ʻia e ka Hui Oerlikon. ʻO ka mea hoʻoheheʻe he ʻekolu-phase horizontal type, 300hp, 150r/min, 32 pole, 40Hz, a ʻo ka voltage phase he 55 ~ 65V. ʻO 1752mm ka anawaena o waho o ka mea hana, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kumu hao he 380mm. He 96 ka nui o na puka stator generator, ua paniia na puka (i kapaia o na puka i kela manawa), he kookoo keleawe kela pou a me keia mahele, ua hookuiia ka slot o ke kookoo uwea me ka papa asbestos 2mm, a o ka hope he kookoo keleawe olohelohe; ʻo ka rotor he apo i hoʻokomo ʻia ʻO nā pou māuʻu o ke kahua wili. Hoʻokele ʻia ka mea hoʻoheheʻe e ka turbine hydraulic vertical ma o ʻelua mau pahu bevel, a ua hauʻoli ʻia e kekahi mea hana hydraulic liʻiliʻi DC. ʻO ka mea hana generator hiki i 96.5%.
ʻO ka hana kūleʻa a me ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā hydro-generators o ka Laufen Power Station i Frankfurt ʻo ia ka hoʻāʻo ʻoihana mua o ka hoʻoili ʻana i ʻekolu mau manawa i ka mōʻaukala kanaka. He holomua ia ma ka hoʻohana pono ʻana o ke au ʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke au ʻokoʻa ʻekolu. ʻO ka mea hoʻoheheʻe ka mea mua o ka honua holoʻokoʻa ʻekolu-phase hydro generator.
ʻO ka mea i luna aʻe ka hoʻolālā a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā mea hana hydroelectric i nā makahiki he kanakolu mua. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ke nānā nei i ke kaʻina hoʻomohala o ka ʻenehana hana hydroelectric, ʻo nā mea hana hydroelectric ka mea maʻamau i kahi pae hoʻomohala i kēlā me kēia 30 makahiki. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ka manawa mai 1891 a i 1920 ka pae mua, ʻo ka manawa mai 1921 a 1950 ka pae o ka ulu ʻenehana, ʻo ka manawa mai 1951 a 1984 ka pae o ka ulu wikiwiki, a ʻo ka manawa mai 1985 a 2010 ka pae o ka hoʻomohala mau.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-09-2021
