China "Ka'idojin Aiki na Hydro Turbine Generator"

“Ka’idojin Operation Generator” da tsohuwar ma’aikatar samar da wutar lantarki ta fitar a karon farko ta samar da wani tushe na shirya ka’idojin aiki a kan tashoshin wutar lantarki, da kayyade ka’idojin aiki iri daya na janareto, da kuma taka rawa mai kyau wajen tabbatar da tsaro. da kuma aikin tattalin arziki na janareta.A cikin 1982, tsohuwar Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Ruwa da Wutar Lantarki ta sake sabunta ƙa'idodin asali bisa ga buƙatun ci gaban masana'antar wutar lantarki da taƙaitaccen ƙwarewar aiki.An ba da ƙa'idodin da aka sabunta a watan Yuni 1982 kusan shekaru 20.A cikin wannan lokacin, an fara aiki da manyan injina, masu ƙarfin lantarki, da na'urorin da aka kera daga ƙasashen waje ɗaya bayan ɗaya.Tsarin, kayan aiki, fasaha na fasaha, digiri na atomatik, kayan aiki na kayan aiki da kuma tsarin na'ura mai kula da tsaro na janareta sun sami babban canje-canje tare da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha.Wani ɓangare na tanadi na ƙa'idodin asali ba su dace da halin yanzu na kayan aiki ba;tare da tarin kwarewar sarrafa aiki, inganta hanyoyin gudanarwa, da ci gaba da bin hanyoyin gudanarwa na zamani, an inganta matakin sarrafa injin janareta sosai, kuma har yanzu ana amfani da shi Hanyoyin gudanarwa da hanyoyin da aka tsara a cikin asali. ka'idoji ba za su iya biyan bukatun tabbatar da aminci da aikin tattalin arziki na janareta ba.Wannan "Ka'idojin Aiki na Generator" yana aiki ne ga masu samar da injin tururi da masu samar da wutar lantarki.Yana da ma'auni na fasaha na kowa don duka biyu.Kodayake ka'idoji na musamman akan masu samar da injin turbine da masu samar da wutar lantarki sun kayyade a cikin ƙa'idodin, Duk da haka, haɗin kai ba shi da ƙarfi sosai, amfani da shi bai dace ba, kuma ba za a iya yin ƙa'idodi masu mahimmanci da cikakkun bayanai ba don halayensu.Yayin da adadin da aka girka na tashoshin wutar lantarki ke ci gaba da karuwa, ya zama dole a samar da ka'idojin aiki daban don masu samar da wutar lantarki.Dangane da halin da ake ciki a sama, don biyan bukatun ci gaban samarwa da ci gaban fasaha na masana'antar wutar lantarki da kuma buƙatar dacewa da ka'idojin kasa da kasa, tsohuwar ma'aikatar masana'antar wutar lantarki ta Sashen Kimiyya da Fasaha [ 1994] No. 42 "Game da batun kafawa da sake duba ma'auni na masana'antar wutar lantarki a 1994 (na farko "Sanarwar Amincewa" ta ba da aikin sake duba "Ka'idojin Ayyuka na Generator" wanda asalin Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Ruwa da Lantarki ta bayar. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki ta tsohon Kamfanin Wutar Lantarki na Arewa maso Gabas da kuma sake haɗawa da "Dokokin Ayyuka na Hydrogenerator".

Tarin "Ka'idojin Aiki na Na'ura mai Na'ura" ya fara ne a karshen 1995. A karkashin tsari da jagorancin tsohuwar kungiyar Wutar Lantarki ta Arewa maso Gabas, Fengman Power Plant ne ke da alhakin sake dubawa da kuma hada ka'idoji.A cikin aiwatar da bita na ƙa'idodin, an bincika ƙa'idodin asali kuma an yi nazari dalla-dalla, kuma an ba da shawarar takaddun da suka danganci ƙirar janareta, masana'anta, yanayin fasaha, buƙatun amfani, ƙa'idodin fasaha da sauran takaddun, haɗe tare da takamaiman yanayi na na yanzu hydro-generator masana'antu da kuma aiki.Kuma ci gaban fasaha a nan gaba, ana ba da shawarar ƙa'idodin asali don riƙewa, sharewa, gyarawa, ƙari, da haɓaka abun ciki.A kan haka ne bayan bincike da neman ra'ayi kan wasu kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki, an gabatar da daftarin farko na ka'idojin tare da samar da daftarin sake dubawa.A watan Mayu na shekarar 1997, Ma'aikatar daidaitawa ta Majalisar Wutar Lantarki ta kasar Sin ta shirya wani taro na farko na nazari kan "Ka'idojin Ayyukan Na'urar Samar da Ruwan Ruwa" (daftarin aiki don dubawa).Kwamitin bita wanda ya kunshi cibiyoyi na zane, ofisoshin wutar lantarki, kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki da sauran sassan sun gudanar da nazari sosai kan ka'idojin.Bita da gabatar da buƙatu don matsalolin da ke cikin abubuwan da ke cikin ƙa'idodin da abubuwan da ke buƙatar kulawa a cikin shirye-shiryen.A bisa bitar, sashin rubutun ya sake bita kuma ya sake karawa shi, kuma ya gabatar da "Dokokin Aiki na Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa" (daftarin aiki don amincewa).

China "Generator Operation Regulations"

Muhimman canje-canjen abun ciki na fasaha sun haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa:
(1) An jera janareta mai sanyaya ruwa na ciki a matsayin babi a cikin ƙa'idodin asali.Ganin cewa akwai karancin injin samar da wutar lantarki mai sanyaya ruwa a cikin gida da ke aiki a kasar Sin, wasu kuma an canza su zuwa na'urar sanyaya iska, da kyar za su bayyana nan gaba.Don haka, ba a haɗa batun sanyaya ruwa a cikin wannan bita ba.Don nau'in sanyaya mai fitar da iska da aka samu a kasar Sin a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, har yanzu yana cikin matakin gwaji, kuma adadin na'urorin da ke aiki kadan ne.Matsalolin da ke da alaƙa da sanyaya iska ba a haɗa su cikin wannan ƙa'idar ba.Ana iya ƙara su a cikin ƙa'idar aiki a kan wurin bisa ga ƙa'idodin masana'anta da ainihin yanayin.ƙara.
(2) Wannan ka'ida ita ce ma'aunin masana'antu da ya kamata a bi don gudanar da ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki a tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki.Aiki a wurin da ma'aikatan gudanarwa ya kamata su kasance ƙware kuma a aiwatar da su sosai.Duk da haka, la'akari da cewa masu aiki a kan yanar gizo ba lallai ba ne su sami ilimin kasa da na masana'antu da suka shafi ƙira, masana'antu, fasahar fasaha da sauran ka'idoji na masu samar da wutar lantarki, kuma ba su fahimci wasu abubuwan da suka danganci ba. don aiki da injinan injin turbine, wannan bita ya kamata a haɗa wasu muhimman abubuwan da suka shafi aiki a cikin ƙa'idodin da aka ambata a sama, ta yadda masu gudanar da aiki a kan yanar gizo za su iya ƙware waɗannan abubuwan da ke cikin kuma mafi kyawun sarrafa amfani da na'urorin. janareta.
(3) Bisa la'akari da karuwar yawan tashoshin wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da su a kasar Sin, baya ga bukatun wannan ka'ida, an kebe wani babi kan yanayi na musamman da na'urorin fara mitar mitar da ke da alaka da aikin janareta/motoci a karkashin ayyuka daban-daban. yanayi, farawar mota da sauran batutuwa.
(4) Game da "marasa kulawa" (ƙananan adadin mutanen da ke aiki) sabon yanayin aikin da ya shafi aikin janareta, an tsara wasu ka'idoji don biyan bukatun sabon yanayin sarrafa aiki.A lokacin aiwatar da aiwatarwa, wasu sabbin matsaloli na iya tasowa, kuma sashin aiki yakamata ya ƙayyade shi dangane da ainihin halin da ake ciki akan yanayin tabbatar da aiki mai aminci.
(5) Babban na'ura mai ɗaukar nauyi na gida wanda aka shigo da shi daga Rasha ya samar da fasahar ɗaukar ƙarfe na ƙarfe na roba.Bayan shekaru goma na ci gaba da gwajin aiki, an sami sakamako mai kyau na aikace-aikacen, kuma ya zama yanayin ci gaba na babban rukunin gida na gida.Dangane da tanade-tanaden DL/T 622-1997 "Sharuɗɗan Fasaha don Canjin Ƙarfe Mai Raɗaɗi na Ƙarfe na Tsayayyar Hydrogenerators" wanda tsohuwar Ma'aikatar Wutar Lantarki ta Masana'antar Lantarki ta amince da ita a 1997, wannan ƙa'idar tana sarrafa yanayin zafin aiki na bearings filastik, da sarrafawa. farawa da rufe naúrar.An yi tanadi don matsaloli kamar sanyaya katsewar ruwa da kurakurai.
Wannan ƙa'ida tana da rawar jagora wajen shirya ƙa'idodin wurin don kowace tashar wutar lantarki.Dangane da wannan, kowace tashar samar da wutar lantarki da takaddun masana'anta za su tattara ƙa'idodin wurin bisa ainihin yanayin.
Tsohuwar ma'aikatar wutar lantarki ce ta gabatar da wannan ka'ida.
Wannan ƙa'ida tana ƙarƙashin ikon Kwamitin Fasaha na Ma'aunin Haɗaɗɗiyar Hydrogenerator na Masana'antar Wutar Lantarki.
Ƙirƙirar tsarin wannan ƙa'idar: Fengman Power Plant.
Manyan masu tsara wannan ka'ida: Sun Jiazhen, Xu Li, Geng Fu.Kwamitin Fasaha na Daidaitawa na Hydrogenerators a Masana'antar Wutar Lantarki ya fassara wannan ƙa'idar.

Gabaɗaya Ka'idodin Ma'auni

3.1 Gabaɗaya bukatun
3.2 Aunawa, sigina, kariya da na'urorin sa ido
3.3 Tsarin motsa jiki
3.4 Tsarin sanyaya
3.5 Taimako

4. Yanayin aiki na janareta
4.1 Yanayin aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙididdiga yanayi
4.2 Yanayin aiki lokacin da zafin iska mai shiga ya canza
4.3 Yanayin aiki lokacin da ƙarfin lantarki, mita da yanayin wutar lantarki suka canza

5 Sa ido, dubawa da kula da aikin janareta
5.1 Farawa, daidaitawa, lodi da dakatar da janareta
5.2 Kulawa, dubawa da kulawa yayin aikin janareta
5.3 Dubawa da kiyaye zoben zamewa da goga mai motsi mai motsa rai
5.4 Dubawa da kiyaye na'urar motsa jiki

6 Generator rashin aikin yi da kuma kula da haɗari
6.1 Yawan wuce gona da iri na janareta
6.2 Gudanar da haɗari na janareta
6.3 Rashin gazawa da rashin aiki na janareta
6.4 Rashin gazawar tsarin motsa jiki

7. Aikin janareta/mota
7.1 Yanayin aiki na janareta/mota
7.2 Farawa, daidaitawa, Gudu, tsayawa da jujjuya yanayin aiki na janareta/mota
7.3 Na'urar sauya mitoci
6.4 Rashin gazawar tsarin motsa jiki

7 Aiki na janareta/mota
7.1 Yanayin aiki na janareta/mota
7.2 Farawa, daidaitawa, Gudu, tsayawa da jujjuya yanayin aiki na janareta/mota
7.3 Na'urar sauya mitoci

Matsayin Masana'antar Wutar Lantarki ta Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin
Ka'idojin aikin injin turbin ruwa DL/T 751-2001
Lambar don janareta na injin turbine

Wannan ma'auni yana ƙayyade ainihin buƙatun fasaha, yanayin aiki, aiki, dubawa da kiyayewa, kula da haɗari da sauran abubuwan da suka shafi aiki na masu samar da wutar lantarki.
Wannan ma'auni ya shafi na'urorin samar da ruwa na 10 MW da sama a cikin tsarin masana'antar wutar lantarki (ana iya aiwatar da na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki da ke ƙasa da MW 10 ta hanyar tunani).Wannan ma'auni kuma ya shafi janareta/motoci na rukunin ma'ajiyar famfo.
Matsayin Magana
Abubuwan da ke ƙunshe a cikin ma'auni masu zuwa sun ƙunshi tanadin wannan ma'auni ta hanyar zance a cikin wannan ma'aunin.A lokacin bugawa, bugu da aka nuna suna da inganci.Duk ma'aunai za a sake duba su, kuma duk ɓangarorin da ke amfani da wannan ma'auni yakamata su bincika yuwuwar amfani da sabon sigar waɗannan ƙa'idodi.
GB/T7409-1997

Tsarin motsa jiki na aiki tare
Bukatun fasaha don tsarin tashin hankali na manyan janareta masu aiki tare da matsakaita
GB 7894-2000
Asalin yanayin fasaha na hydro-generator
GB 8564-1988

Ƙayyadaddun fasaha don shigar da Hydrogenerator
DL/T 491-1992
Dokoki don aiki da kiyaye manyan na'urori masu ƙarfi na hydro-generator static excitation tsarin na'urorin
DL/T 583-1995
Yanayi na fasaha na tsarin gyare-gyare a tsaye da na'urar don manyan janareto na ruwa da matsakaici
DL/T 622-1997
Bukatun fasaha don ƙarfe na roba filastik turawa mai ɗaukar daji na injin janareta na tsaye
Gabaɗaya

3.1 Gabaɗaya bukatun
3.1.1 Kowane janareta na injin turbine (wanda ake magana da shi azaman janareta) da na'urar motsa jiki (ciki har da exciter) yakamata su kasance suna da tambarin ƙimar masana'anta.Rukunin ajiyar makamashi za a yi wa alama da faranti masu ƙima don samar da wutar lantarki da yanayin yin famfo bi da bi.
3.1.2 Don bincika ingancin bayan masana'anta, shigarwa da kiyayewa, da kuma fahimtar sigogi da halayen janareta, yakamata a gudanar da gwaje-gwajen da suka dace daidai da ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin ƙasa da masana'antu don sanin ko janareta za a iya sa a cikin aiki.
3.1.3 Ya kamata a kiyaye manyan kayan aiki kamar injin janareta, tsarin motsa jiki, tsarin kula da kwamfuta, tsarin sanyaya da sauransu a cikin aiki, kuma na'urorin kariya, na'urorin aunawa da na'urorin sigina yakamata su kasance masu dogaro da inganci.Gabaɗayan rukunin yakamata ya iya ɗaukar nauyin kima a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun sigogi kuma yana gudana na dogon lokaci ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki da aka yarda.
3.1.4 Canje-canje a cikin tsarin manyan abubuwan da ke cikin janareta za su kasance ƙarƙashin nunin fasaha da tattalin arziƙi, kuma za a nemi ra'ayoyin masana'anta, kuma a gabatar da su ga babban matakin da ya dace don amincewa.








Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-11-2021

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