Njengoba sonke sazi, isethi yejeneretha ye-turbine yamanzi iwumongo kanye nengxenye ebalulekile yemishini yesiteshi sokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi.Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwayo yonke iyunithi ye-hydraulic turbine.Kunezici eziningi ezithinta ukuzinza kweyunithi ye-hydraulic turbine, ezikhona kusukela ekwakhiweni kwayo yonke iyunithi ye-hydraulic turbine.
Kuwo wonke umklamo weyunithi ye-hydraulic turbine, umthelela wokwakhiwa kwe-hydraulic mancane.Uma iyunithi ye-turbine yamanzi isebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ukugeleza kwamanzi endaweni yokuphuma kweyunithi kuzoqhubeka nokuphuma, futhi ukugeleza kwamanzi endaweni yokugijima ngeke kujikeleze.Uma i-turbine ingekho esimweni sokusebenza esifanele, ukugeleza endaweni yokugijima kuzokwakha kancane kancane ukugeleza okuyindilinga kushubhu lokusalungiswa le-turbine.Uma i-turbine ingaphansi kuka-40 ~ 70% ingxenye yomthwalo wekhanda eliphansi, ukugeleza endaweni yokugijima kuzozungeza ukuya phambili futhi kancane kancane kwakhe i-vortex iribhoni, ezobangela nokudlidliza kweyunithi ye-turbine.
Ekusebenzeni kwe-hydraulic turbine, into ebaluleke kakhulu ebangela ukudlidliza kweyunithi ye-hydraulic turbine ukucindezela kohlaka lweshubhu, futhi lesi sici sizobeka usongo ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwe-Francis turbine.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma isitimela se-Karman vortex sikhiqizwa emsileni wokugeleza okuzungeze i-airfoil, sizophinde sithinte ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-hydraulic turbine, ngoba kuzoholela ekudlidlizeni okuphoqelekile kwe-runner blade ye-hydraulic turbine.Lapho imvamisa yalokhu kudlidliza okuphoqelekile kwakha ubudlelwano obuningi nemvamisa yokudlidliza yemvelo yeblade yomgijimi, kuzoholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-runner blade ye-hydraulic turbine, futhi kuholele nasekuqhekekeni kwe-blade.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunesinye isici esizothinta nokusebenza okuzinzile kwe-turbine, okungukuthi, i-hydraulic factor.Uma isimo sokusebenza seyunithi yomoya sichezuka esimweni sokuklama kwe-turbine, isenzakalo sokuhlukaniswa kokugeleza sizokwenzeka endaweni yokungena nokuphuma kwe-blade.Ngenxa yemvamisa engazinzile yento yokuhlukanisa ukugeleza, izinga lokulimala nalo lihlukile.Imodeli ye-hydraulic turbine ye-hydraulic turbine ingumthombo wamandla wesiteshi sonke samandla kagesi.
Idizayini yesakhiwo yesayensi nenengqondo, ukucubungula kanye nokukhiqizwa kweyunithi ye-turbine yamanzi kungathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukuqina kokusebenza kwe-turbine yamanzi, futhi izici eziyinhloko ezithinta ukwakheka nokukhiqizwa kwayo yilezi ezilandelayo:
① Ezingxenyeni zephaseji lokugeleza, lapho ingcindezi yokugeleza ephasejini lokugeleza isebenza kuzingxenye zephaseji lokugeleza, izokhiqiza ingcindezi.Ngokukhula kokucindezeleka, kuzoholela ekuguqulweni kwe-elastic kwezingxenye.Ukwengeza, lapho ukugeleza kuyaluza, ingxenye ngayinye izophinda ikhiqize ukudlidliza.Lapho imvamisa yokudlidliza yokugeleza kwamanzi ifana nemvamisa yemvelo yezingxenye, izophinde ikhiqize i-resonance, engeke nje ikhiqize ukungcoliswa komsindo ongathi sína, kodwa futhi ithinte ukusebenza okuvamile kweyunithi ye-hydraulic turbine.Ikakhulukazi iyunithi ye-turbine yamanzi enobukhulu obukhulu nesivinini esiphansi, imvamisa yayo yemvelo iseduze kakhulu ne-hydraulic low frequency, ngakho-ke kulula ukuthintwa yi-resonance.
② Umthelela wokucubungula ubuchwepheshe.Ekucutshungulweni nasekukhiqizeni iyunithi ye-hydraulic turbine unit, uma ukucubungula i-blade kungalungile, noma kukhona amaphutha enqubweni yokushisela yezingxenye, amanani okuvulwa kwe-inlet ne-outlet yama-blades azobe angalingani, okuzogcina kuholele ezinkingeni zokudlidliza. Injini ye-hydraulic turbine unit.
③ Uma indandatho ye-labyrinth icutshungulwa, i-ovality enkulu izoholela ezinkingeni zokudlidliza kweyunithi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokufakwa kweyunithi ye-turbine yamanzi nalo lizophazamisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kweyunithi ye-turbine yamanzi.Phakathi kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zeyunithi ye-hydraulic turbine, uma ama-bearings angumhlahlandlela engagxili komunye nomunye noma i-axis ingalungile, kuzodala ukudlidliza kwe-hydraulic nokudlidliza kwezingxenye ezithwalayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-22-2021
