Umbane omncinci wamanzi wawungekho kwisikhumbuzo seminyaka eli-100 yokuveliswa kombane eTshayina, kwaye umbane omncinci wamanzi nawo wawungekho kwimisebenzi yonyaka yokuvelisa umbane omkhulu wamanzi. Ngoku amandla amancinci ombane arhoxa ngokuzolileyo kwinkqubo yomgangatho wesizwe, ebonisa ukuba eli shishini alinamandla ngokwaneleyo. Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso lwamandla lwaseTshayina luqale ngamandla amancinci, uphuhliso loqoqosho lwaseTshayina lweentaba luxhomekeke kumandla ombane amancinci, ulawulo lwentlekele olukhulu lwaseTshayina luxhomekeke kumandla ombane amancinci, kwaye ukhuselo lwelizwe lwaseTshayina alunakwenza ngaphandle kombane omncinci wamanzi. Ngaphandle kwamava okwakha kunye nokuvelisa izikhululo zombane ezincinci zamanzi, akunakwenzeka ukuba i-China ibe newonga lelizwe elikhulu lombane namhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abancinci bombane owenziwe ngamanzi bayilibele imbali yabo ezukileyo kunye nempumelelo enkulu, kwaye bafana nomfazi okhalazayo ohlala ekhalaza ngokungabikho kokusesikweni kwezentlalo imini yonke. Nangona iShanghai yaseka inkampani yokuqala yokuvelisa amandla eTshayina, eyona nkqubo yakuqala yokuvelisa umbane, uthumelo kunye nonikezelo lombane yasekwa yiShilongba Hydropower Station eKunming, Yunnan. Esi sisikhululo sombane esincinci, kwaye abantu baseTshayina abaphehla umbane omncinci kufuneka baye apho ukuze bahambe ngezonqulo. Ngexesha leMfazwe yeNkululeko, uSihlalo uMao wayalela amawaka omkhosi eXibaipo kwaye waphumelela amadabi amakhulu amathathu, ethembele kwizigidi zeetelegrams ukuyalela. Kwaye unikezelo lwamandla lwabonelelwa sisikhululo samanzi esincinci saseXiuxiushui. Umbane omncinci wamanzi wawukhe wazuka. Ngexesha apho igridi yombane yesizwe yayibuthathaka kakhulu kwaye nombane wasezidolophini wawungakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno, umbane omncinci wamanzi uxhasa imveliso kunye neemfuno zombane ophilayo wemimandla emikhulu yeentaba, uxhasa abantu abasebenza kwimimandla yeentaba ukuba bangene kubomi banamhlanje basezidolophini kwangaphambili, babonelele amandla athembekileyo okwakhiwa komgca wesithathu welizwe, kunye nokubonelela ngesiqinisekiso samandla kukhuseleko lwesizwe.
Namhlanje, umbane omncinci wamanzi uphelelwe lixesha, kwaye kufuneka sijongane nemeko engasemva. Ngegalelo lemithombo eyahlukeneyo yamandla emitsha, akunakuphepheka ukuba umbane omncinci wombane uza kuhamba ukusuka kumandla ukuya kubuthathaka, kwaye kufuneka silungiselele ngokupheleleyo. Kwangaxeshanye, simele sicingisise nzulu ngeziqu zethu.
Ngomnyaka we-1979, umbane owenziwe ngamanzi wahlukana, kwaye umbane omncinci wamanzi wawunamandla kakhulu, kunye nemikhosi eyomeleleyo kunye neetalente. Kodwa asizange sibambe ithuba lokwandisa ubungakanani beegridi zamandla zasekhaya kwaye siqonde ngokwenene ukuzakhela, ukuzilawula, kunye nokuzisebenzisa. Asizange siqhoboshele ukubaluleka kokuguqulwa kwamanethiwekhi amabini, silahlekelwe lithuba lesibini, silahlekelwe yindawo enkulu yokubonelela ngombane kunye neegridi zamandla asekhaya, kwaye saqala ukuhla ukususela ngoko. Ngokwembono yoqoqosho lokwenyani, umbane omncinci wamanzi uye wehla ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kwinkqubo epheleleyo yokuvelisa, ukubonelela, kunye nokusetyenziswa kumntu omnye ovelisa umbane, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukubuyisela ubungangamsha bawo bangaphambili. Ukuba uthe wawa ngasemva, uya kubethwa. Oku akuyonyani kuphela kwinqanaba lehlabathi, kodwa nakwizinga lasekhaya. Kunyanzelekile ukukhusela umthwalo wombane kwindawo ekufutshane ngokomthetho.
Ukusuka kwinqanaba lolawulo, icandelo lamandla kudala lingena kwixesha lolwazi lothungelwano, ngelixa umbane omncinci wombane usekwinqanaba leentlanganiso, ukufunda, ukunika ingxelo, kunye nokwamkelwa kwindawo. Ukusuka kwinqanaba lezixhobo eziphambili, ishishini lamandla sele lingenile kwixesha lokungagcini, kwaye iingxaki zokubaleka, ukugquma, ukuvuza, kunye nokuvuza kumbane omncinci wombane azikasonjululwa okwangoku. Ukususela kwinqanaba lezixhobo ezizenzekelayo, icandelo lamandla lingene kwixesha lezixhobo ezihlakaniphile, kunye nokuhlolwa kwerobhothi. Uninzi lwezixhobo ezincinci zombane we-hydropower zisesezokhuseleko lwe-electromagnetic kunye novuselelo lwe-analog. Ukwaziswa ngogcino lwamanzi, okuyeyentsapho enye nathi, kudala yangena kwindawo yogcino lwamanzi, ngelixa umbane omncinci wombane umi ngaphandle komnyango wobulumko. Lo ngumsantsa. Oku kukubuyela umva.
Ngoku singenile kwinqanaba le-Industry 4.0, kwaye ukuba asiqhubeli phambili, siya kurhoxa.
Umbane omncinci wamanzi kufuneka ujonge umva kwaye ubambe ngenkalipho.
Okokuqala, uphuhliso lombane omncinci wamanzi kufuneka luthathe inxaxheba kwisicwangciso sophuhliso logcino lwamanzi alumkileyo, kunye neenjongo zophuhliso lobuchule bombane omncinci wamanzi kufuneka zenziwe ngokwenkcazo yophuhliso lolondolozo lwamanzi alumkileyo. Kufuneka sizame ukufumana inkxaso yemali yesizwe ukuze sincede izikhululo zombane ezincinci zamanzi zigqibezele uphuculo kunye nenguqu, hayi nje inguqu yobugcisa yasekhaya. Ukuqulunqa iinjongo zophuhliso lwexesha elide kunye nokudibanisa uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwezikhululo zombane ezincinci zamanzi kwisicwangciso sokuvuselelwa kwasemaphandleni kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-07-2025
