Ezi zitishi zamandla ombane ngokwam zinomtsalane kakhulu, njengoko ubukhulu bazo benza kube nzima ukubaleka emehlweni abantu. Nangona kunjalo, kwiGreater Khingan engenamda kunye namahlathi achumileyo, kunzima ukuyicinga indlela isitishi samandla ombane esinombono wemfihlakalo esiza kufihlwa ngayo kwihlathi lasendle. Mhlawumbi ngenxa yendawo yaso eyahlukileyo nefihlakeleyo, esi "sitishi samandla ombane esisemantla eTshayina" besisaziwa ixesha elide njengentsomi.
Kwindlela eyi-100km ukusuka eHuma County ukuya emazantsi, akukho nto ixhaphakileyo njengehlathi leentaba kwindawo yehlathi iGreater Khingan. Utshintsho lwamaxesha onyaka luba mhlophe ekwindla, kodwa akukho zimpawu zezikhululo zamandla ombane endleleni. Xa sifika kwiLali yaseKuanhe, ngesikhokelo, safumana "uphawu" lwesikhululo samandla ombane esingaziwayo.
Nangona yayiyindawo ephambili, isikhululo samandla ombane esisemantla eTshayina, nangona sasifihliwe kumasimi achumileyo aseXing'an ngenxa yendawo esikuyo kwiTaoyuan Peak, sasikhe saba yinto ethandwayo ngenxa yokuba kude kwayo noxolo.
Ukuba yonke into ifuna ixesha elifanelekileyo kunye nendawo efanelekileyo, ngoko iSitishi samandla ombane saseTaoyuanfeng sele sisebenzise iingenelo zendawo. Ngoncedo lweentaba eziphakamileyo eziqhubekayo zeNtaba iWuhua kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi amaninzi nokukhawulezayo komlambo odumileyo waseHeilongjiang, uMlambo iKuanhe, ungaphantsi kweekhilomitha ezili-10 ukusuka kumlambo ophakathi kweTshayina neRashiya, iHeilongjiang, kwaye ikwakufutshane necandelo elincinci lechweba elikhulu kwihlabathi, i-“Dulikou”, nayo ekwiikhilomitha ezingama-20 ukusuka apho. Isikhululo samandla ombane esibonakala singaziwayo sifihliwe ezintabeni kodwa sisebenzisa zonke iingenelo zendalo zommandla ojikelezileyo.
Njengo "mphefumlo" wezikhululo zamandla ombane, uMlambo iKuanhe unika amandla abalulekileyo okuvelisa umbane ngokuboleka amanzi. Njengomlambo oyintloko waseHeilongjiang, uMlambo iKuan uvela kwindawo ephakamileyo yeentaba ezingama-624.8 kwiintaba zomda womlambo weSithili saseHuma. Amanzi ahamba kwiSithili saseHuma esisemantla kunye neSithili saseSanka, aze angene eHeilongjiang kumgama wekhilomitha enye emantla eSithili saseSanka. UMlambo iKuanhe ngokwawo ukwanazo neemisele ezininzi, ububanzi obuqala kwiimitha ezi-5 ukuya kuma-26 eemitha, ngenxa yokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwamanzi - isantya sokuhamba esiphakathi seemitha ezili-13.1 zeekyubhikhi ngomzuzwana - okubonelela ngemfuneko yokusekwa kwesikhululo samandla ombane.
Kwakhiwe i-pavilion yokujonga eyahlukileyo encotsheni yeNtaba iWuhua, apho kukho khona isikhululo samandla ombane, sijonge ububanzi bedama lonke.
Ngo-1991, owandulela esi Sikhululo Sombane saseTaoyuanfeng esingaqondakaliyo kancinci sasinegama lanamhlanje kakhulu - iSikhululo Sombane saseTuanjie eHuma County. Ekuqaleni kokwakhiwa kwezi zikhululo zombane zamanzi, ingcamango yayikukugxila ekuveliseni umbane, ngelixa kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kolawulo lwezikhukula, ukufuya iintlanzi, kunye nezinye iiprojekthi ezinkulu zokugcina amanzi kunye neeprojekthi zeendawo zombane zamanzi.
Indawo yokulawula yedama yi-1062 square kilometers, enomthamo wokugcina uwonke we-145 million cubic meters. I-main dam crest yi-229.20 metres ukuphakama, i-wave wall crest yi-230.40 metres ukuphakama, i-main dam crest yi-266 metres ubude, i-assistant dam crest yi-370 metres ubude, kwaye umthamo ofakiweyo wesikhululo samandla yi-3 X 3500 kilowatts. Umgangatho wobunjineli wokukhukula ngumbane uba kanye emva kweminyaka engama-200.
Nangona kunjalo, ukususela oko kwaqalwa ngokusesikweni ukwakhiwa ngoDisemba 18, 1992, ngenxa yeengxaki zemali, kubekho ukunyuka nokuhla okuliqela kwinkqubo yokwakha. Ekugqibeleni, ngoJulayi 18, 2002, emva kweminyaka elishumi, ukusebenza kovavanyo kunye nokuveliswa kombane kwaba yimpumelelo, kwazalisa umsantsa wokungaveli kokuveliswa kombane emantla eTshayina. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, esi sikhululo sombane esisemantla esifihlwe kwiGreater Khingan echumileyo “silawule” inxalenye esemantla yeTshayina.
Njengoko kwakusakhiwa umphezulu wendlela othe tyaba wesamente ngoku, amanyathelo afikelela lula phakathi kwentaba. Iqonga eliphezulu ledama, elifihlwe ziintaba eziphakamileyo, ekugqibeleni laphakamisa ikhuselo lehlathi elixineneyo laza lema phambi kwazo. Ejonga macala onke, ngequbuliso wema phezu kwedama waza wajika. Isakhiwo somzi-mveliso sasifihliwe phakathi kwemithi esemhlabeni, esasibonakala ngathi sisemhlabeni ophantsi kodwa sihambelana nendlela echithekileyo idama. Kwizakhiwo ezisele ezixhasayo, umntu unokucinga ngobukhulu bale ndawo.
Ukusondela edamini, nangona lingekho mhle njenge "mgxobhozo ophezulu ophuma ePinghu" weeNtlambo ezintathu, kusenzima ukufihla ubuhle bayo obuhle "beentaba eziphakamileyo eziphuma ePinghu". INtaba iWuhua ejikelezileyo sele igutyungelwe ziingqimba zehlathi phantsi komoya wasekwindla ovuthuza uBuddha, iguqula uluhlu lweentaba lube yimibala eyahlukeneyo. Ezi bhloko zinemibala ziyavela kwaye zabelwana nomphezulu wamanzi obanzi wedama, zivumela le mibala inemibala yasekwindla ukuba ibonakale kumphezulu wamanzi, yenze umfanekiso obonakalayo wembonakalo, yolula umfanekiso ogqibeleleyo womphezulu wamanzi.
Abakhi bangaphambili bazoba iintaba neendlela, besenza ichibi eligqibeleleyo leentaba kunye neNtaba yeentyatyambo ezintlanu kunye nedama. Nangona yayiyeyokwenziwa, yayifana nendalo yendalo. Kufuphi nentaba ekufutshane nedama, kukho imikhondo yokumbiwa kwezinto ezisele zibonakala, kwaye ichibi eliphambi kwalo likwanamanzi amakhulu anoxolo "asele" apha ngokuthula ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kwamanzi omlambo abanzi anikwe yindalo.
Ayipheleli nje ekubeni igudile kwaye ingaphazanyiswa, kodwa phantsi kwalo mphezulu wamanzi acacileyo, kukwakho neentlanzi ezininzi ezidada ngokukhululekileyo. Njenge "qabane elilungileyo" lokonga amanzi, iintlanzi ezikwindawo yokugcina amanzi azikwazi nje ukucoca umthombo wamanzi, kodwa zikwabonelela abantu basekuhlaleni ngenyama yentlanzi entsha emnandi kakhulu. Kwinqanaba elimxinwa elisecaleni kwedama, kwamiswa isikali esilinganisa ukuphakama komgangatho wamanzi ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi, esasikade "siyindlela yokusebenza ezinikeleyo" yokufumanisa umgangatho wamanzi. Ngeli xesha, yaba yindlela emfutshane yokuba abantu basekuhlaleni behle baye kumphezulu womkhenkce wedama ebusika. Ngokumba imingxunya yomkhenkce kumphezulu womkhenkce, iintlanzi ezineentloko eziphumayo zinokuluma ihuku, nto leyo eyenza kube "kukuluma okumnandi" okungaqhelekanga ebusika.
Ndihambahamba ecaleni kwedama, idama lenza igophe elimangalisayo lechibi kunye nombono walo. Ilanga elifudumeleyo lasekwindla alisakhazimli kwaye likhanya njengehlobo, liveza umthubi ophuzi oshushu echibini. Phantsi komoya opholileyo, amaza athambileyo eorenji adala amaza angaphantsi. Ngelixa ndibuka umphezulu wamanzi onamaza amancinci, ngempazamo ndifumene indawo ekhethekileyo yokujonga kwiNtaba yaseWuhua echaseneyo, ekuqikelelwa ukuba yindawo ephezulu yentaba enombono ongcono.
Phakathi kwentaba, kwavulwa enye indlela yokuqhubeka nokuhlola iintaba. Ngenxa yamahlathi aluhlaza asehlotyeni, i-pavilion ebomvu, eyayikade idumile, ngoku yayigqunywe lihlathi elixineneyo kwaye kunzima ukuyifumana. Ngokukhokelwa ngabantu bendawo, kwafunyanwa "umqondiso oyimfihlo" - ehlathini lentaba apho sasifuna khona indlela yethu, kwakukho intsimi enkulu yombona exineneyo kwicala lasekhohlo lendlela yomhlaba enamaza. Landela amasimi ombona kwaye ufumane indlela elula egalelwe ngezitena ezibomvu eziyimfihlo, ezikhokelela kule pavilion ebomvu engaqondakaliyo encotsheni yentaba.
Ngena ngokukhawuleza kwi-pavilion, kwaye ngephanyazo, umsi omkhulu kunye nobukhulu bedama kuyavela, kujikelezwe ngamasimi angenasiphelo achumileyo kunye namahlathi axineneyo. Ukunyuka ileli yomthi ukuya kumgangatho wesibini we-pavilion, umbono uba banzi nangakumbi. Ilanga lasekwindla liphuma phezu kwamanzi, libonisa imibala eyahlukeneyo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lizolile kwaye alimangalisi, kwaye lihamba neentaba kunye namahlathi kumacala omabini. Ubukhulu kunye nobukhulu bomphezulu wechibi kunzima ukububamba ngokupheleleyo ngomzuzwana.
Ngequbuliso, kwavela isibane sesilivere emanzini phantsi kwelanga elitshonayo, baza abantu basekuhlaleni bathi iintlanzi zazihlangana ndawonye elangeni elifudumeleyo, zitsiba ngamandla ziphuma emanzini. Isibane sesilivere sakhanya ngokukhazimla kwamaxolo eentlanzi, kwaye ekuthuleni, kwavakala isandi esincinci somoya wasekwindla ovuthuza emithini kumacala omabini.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-05-2023
