Iinkqubo zokugcina amandla elanga amancinci kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla ngaphandle kwegridi: Isisombululo esizinzileyo kwiimfuno zamandla akude

Njengoko umfutho wehlabathi jikelele wamandla avuselelekayo usiya usanda,iinkqubo zamandla elanga ezincinci ezingaphandle kwegridiIzisombululo zokugcina umbane zidibene neendlela zokugcina umbane ezithembekileyo nezizinzileyo zokubonelela ngombane kwiindawo ezikude, kwiziqithi, kwizicelo zeselula, nakwiindawo ezingenazo iigridi zesizwe. Ezi nkqubo zincinci ziyayitshintsha indlela uluntu kunye nabantu ngabanye abafikelela ngayo kumbane, ingakumbi kwiindawo eziphuhlisayo nakwiimeko zokubuyisela umva iintlekele.

1. Yintoni iNkqubo yamandla elanga angekho kwiGridi?

Inkqubo yamandla elanga amancinci angaphandle kwegridiisisombululo samandla esizimeleyo, esizimeleyoevelisa umbane ovela elangeni isebenzisa iiphaneli ze-photovoltaic (PV) kwaye igcina amandla kwiibhetri ukuze isetyenziswe nangaliphi na ixesha. Ngokungafaniyo neenkqubo ezibotshelelwe kwigridi, isebenza ngokuzimeleyo kuyo nayiphi na i-power supply yangaphandle.

Inkqubo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya:

• Iiphaneli zelangaukuguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngumbane.

• Umlawuli wokutshajaukulawula ukutshaja kwebhetri nokuthintela ukutshaja okugqithisileyo.

• Ibhanki yebhetri(ngesiqhelo i-lithium okanye i-lead-acid) ukugcina amandla okusetyenziswa ebusuku okanye emini enamafu.

• I-Inverterukuguqula umbane we-DC ube yi-AC kwizixhobo eziqhelekileyo.

• Umvelisi wogcino olukhethiweyookanye i-wind turbine ukuze kusetyenziswe i-hybrid configurations.

2. Iingenelo eziphambili

2.1 Ukuzimela Kwamandla

Iinkqubo ezingaphandle kwegridi zivumela ukuzimela ngokupheleleyo kwiigridi zeenkonzo zikazwelonke. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiilali ezikude, iifama, iindawo zokukhempisha, kunye namakhaya ahambayo.

2.2 Ihlala Izinzile Kwaye Ilungele Ukusingqongileyo

Amandla elanga acocekile kwaye avuseleleka, nto leyo eyenza ezi nkqubo zibe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo lokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni nokukhusela okusingqongileyo.

2.3 Iyakhula kwaye iModular

Abasebenzisi bangaqala kancinci (umz., ukukhanyisa izibane ze-LED kunye neetshaja zefowuni) baze bandise inkqubo ngokongeza iiphaneli kunye neebhetri ezingaphezulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamandla ezikhulayo.

2.4 Iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi

Emva kotyalo-mali lokuqala, iindleko zokusebenza zincinci kuba ukukhanya kwelanga simahla kwaye iimfuno zokulungisa zincinci.

3. Izicelo

• Umbane wasemaphandleni: Ukuzisa umbane kwiindawo ezingaphandle kwegridi eAfrika, eAsia, naseMzantsi Melika.

• Ukubuyiselwa kwimeko yentlekele: Ukubonelela ngombane emva kweentlekele zemvelo apho igridi yonakele khona.

• Imisebenzi yangaphandle: Ukunika amandla iiRV, iinqanawa, iikhabhini, okanye izikhululo zophando ezikude.

• Ezolimo: Ukunika amandla iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela, indawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo, kunye nokukhanyisa kwiifama ezikude.

• Ukuphendula kwamajoni kunye nongxamiseko: Iiyunithi eziphathekayo zokusebenza ebaleni kunye nenkxaso yezonyango.

4. Ugcino lwaMandla: Intliziyo yokuthembeka

Ukugcinwa kwamandla yinto evumela inkqubo yelanga engaphandle kwegridi ukuba ithembeke.Iibhetri zeLithium-ionzithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yezi:

• Uxinano lwamandla aphezulu

• Ubomi bomjikelo omde (ukuya kuthi ga kwimijikelo engama-6000)

• Amandla okutshaja ngokukhawuleza

• Ulondolozo oluphantsi xa kuthelekiswa neendlela ze-lead-acid

Iinkqubo zanamhlanje nazo ziqukaIinkqubo zoLawulo lweeBhetri (i-BMS)ukuphucula ukhuseleko, ixesha elide, kunye nokujonga ukusebenza.

5. Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kubungakanani benkqubo kunye noyilo

Xa kuyilwa inkqubo, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla imihla ngemihla(Wh/ngosuku)

• Ukukhanya kwelanga okufumanekayo (ukukhanya kwelanga)kummandla

• Iintsuku zokuzimela(ixesha elingakanani inkqubo emele ihlale ngaphandle kwelanga)

• Ubunzulu bokukhupha ibhetri kunye nobomi bayo

• Iimfuno zamandla omthwalo ophezulu

Uyilo olufanelekileyo luqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo, ixesha elide, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko.

6. Imingeni kunye neZisombululo

7. Imbono yexesha elizayo

Ngokuhambela phambili kwiukusebenza kakuhle kwephaneli yelanga, itekhnoloji yebhetrikunyeUkubeka esweni amandla okusekelwe kwi-IoT, iinkqubo zelanga ezincinci ezingaphandle kwegridi ziya zisiba krelekrele ngakumbi, zincinci, kwaye zifikeleleka ngexabiso eliphantsi. Njengoko ukufikelela kumandla kuhlala kuyinjongo yophuhliso lwehlabathi, ezi nkqubo zikulungele ukudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufezekiseni umbane kwihlabathi liphela.

Isiphelo

Iinkqubo zamandla elanga amancinci kunye neendawo zokugcina umbane ngaphandle kwegridi ziguqula indlela yokufikelela kumbane. Zixhobisa uluntu, zixhasa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo, kwaye zivula indlela yekamva lamandla acocekileyo. Nokuba kukwilali yasemaphandleni, ukuseta okuhambayo, okanye ukusetyenziswa okungxamisekileyo, ezi nkqubo zibonelela ngesisombululo esisebenzayo nesinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwiimfuno zamandla zanamhlanje.