Ngenxa yokwanda okuqhubekayo kwemfuno yamandla kwihlabathi liphela, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza umbane ziyakhula kwaye zikhula kancinci kancinci. Amandla obushushu, amandla e-hydropower, amandla omoya, kunye neteknoloji yokwenza umbane we-photovoltaic zidlale indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini lamandla. Eli nqaku liza kuthelekisa ngokupheleleyo iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kweteknoloji yokwenza umbane efana namandla obushushu, amandla e-hydropower, amandla omoya, kunye ne-photovoltaic kwiimbono ezahlukeneyo, ukuze kubonelelwe ngabantu ukuba baqonde ngcono kwaye bakhethe iindlela zokwenza umbane ezifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zabo.
1, amandla obushushu
1. Iingenelo:
Amandla obushushu okwangoku yenye yezona ndlela zibalulekileyo zokuvelisa umbane kwihlabathi liphela. Iingenelo zawo ziquka:
(1) Iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi: Iindleko zokwakha nezokusebenza kwezityalo zamandla obushushu ziphantsi kakhulu, kwaye umbane uzinzile kwaye uthembekile.
(2) Ukusebenza kakuhle kokuvelisa umbane: Izityalo zamandla ezisebenzisa ubushushu zihlala zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu, nto leyo enokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo amandla obushushu aveliswa kukutsha kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
(3) Ukulungelelaniswa okuqinileyo: Izityalo zamandla obushushu zikulungelelaniswa okuqinileyo kwaye zinokulungelelaniswa ngokuguquguqukayo kokuveliswa kombane ngokweenguqu kumthwalo.
2. Iingxaki:
Amandla obushushu ayisiyiyo indlela egqibeleleyo yokuvelisa umbane, kwaye ikwanazo nezi ngxaki zilandelayo:
(1) Ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni diokside ephezulu: Ukutshisa amalahle okanye ioyile kunye nezinye izinto ezifunekayo kwizityalo zamandla ashushu kunokuvelisa inani elikhulu leegesi ezibangela ukufudumala komhlaba ezifana nekhabhoni diokside, nto leyo ebangela iingxaki zotshintsho lwemozulu kwihlabathi liphela.
(2) Ukunqongophala kwezixhobo zamafutha: Izixhobo zamafutha ezisetyenziswa njengee-thermal power ezifana namalahle zinogcino olulinganiselweyo, iindleko eziphezulu zokukhupha, kwaye zinokuba nefuthe elibi kwindalo esingqongileyo.
(3) Ungcoliseko lomoya olugqithisileyo: Inkqubo yokutsha kwezityalo zamandla ezishushu ivelisa inani elikhulu leegesi eziyingozi ezifana ne-nitrogen oxides kunye ne-sulfur dioxide, nto leyo echaphazela kakhulu umgangatho womoya.
2, Amandla oMbane
1. Iingenelo:
Amandla ombane aphuma kwi-hydropower yindlela yokuvelisa umbane ecocekileyo nehlaziyekayo enezi nzuzo zilandelayo:
(1) Akukho ngcoliseko: Izityalo ezisebenzisa amanzi azivelisi iigesi ezibangela ubushushu ezifana nekhabhoni diokside, kwaye ungcoliseko lwazo kokusingqongileyo luncinci kakhulu.
(2) Amandla avuselelekayo: Amandla aphuma emanzini aguqula amandla okuhamba kwamanzi abe ngumbane, kwaye inkqubo yokujikeleza kwamanzi inokuphinda isetyenziswe ngokungenasiphelo ngaphandle kokuphelelwa ngamandla, nto leyo eyenza amandla ahlale ezinzile.
(3) Ubuchule bokulawula obuqinileyo: Izityalo zombane ezisebenzisa amanzi zinamandla okulawula obuqinileyo kwaye zinokulungisa imveliso yombane ngokweemfuno.
2. Iingxaki:
Nangona umbane wamanzi unezibonelelo ezikhethekileyo, ukwanazo nezi ngxaki zilandelayo:
(1) Imithombo yamanzi inqongophele: Izitishi zamanzi zifuna amanzi amaninzi, kodwa ukusasazwa kwemithombo yamanzi akulungelelani, kwaye ezinye iindawo zinokujongana nengxaki yokuphela kwemithombo yamanzi.
(2) Impembelelo kwindalo nakwindalo: Ukwakha izitishi ezinkulu zamandla ombane ngamanzi kusenokufuna ukuba iindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba zizaliswe ngamanzi, oko konakalise indalo, kwaye kukhokelele ekunciphiseni inani labemi basemanzini.
(3) Utyalo-mali olukhulu lobunjineli: Ubungakanani bokwakhiwa kwezikhululo zamandla ombane ngamanzi bukhulu kakhulu, nto leyo efuna utyalo-mali olukhulu lobunjineli.
3, Amandla omoya
1. Iingenelo:
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iteknoloji yamandla omoya iye yaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza, kunye neenzuzo eziquka:
(1) Amandla acocekileyo: Amandla omoya ngumthombo wamandla acocekileyo nahlaziyekayo ongavelisi ungcoliseko kunye neegesi zegreenhouse.
(2) Amandla avuselelekayo: Amandla omoya ngumthombo wamandla ongapheliyo ovelisa umbane ngokujikeleza kweeturbine zomoya kwaye phantse awupheli.
(3) Ukuguquguquka okuqinileyo kwengingqi: Amandla omoya anokwakhiwa kwiindawo zasezidolophini, ezisemaphandleni, ezisemaphandleni, nakwiindawo ezikunxweme, kunye nokuguquguquka okuqinileyo kwengingqi.
2. Iingxaki:
Itekhnoloji yamandla omoya nayo ineengxaki ezilandelayo:
(1) Ukungazinzi: Ukungazinzi kwamandla omoya kukhokelela ekungathembekeni kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla omoya, nto leyo eyenza ukuba angafanelekanga njengomthombo wamandla osisiseko.
(2) Ingxolo kunye nongcoliseko olubonakalayo: Iiturbine zomoya zivelisa ingxolo ngexesha lokusebenza, kwaye ubuhle beeturbine zomoya budla ngokuba yimpikiswano.
(3) Iindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza nokugcinwa: Iiturbine zomoya zifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo, nto leyo ebangela iindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza nokugcinwa.
4, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-Photovoltaic
1. Iingenelo:
Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic luhlobo lwendlela yokuvelisa amandla esebenzisa amandla elanga ukuguqula amandla elanga abe ngamandla ombane. Iingenelo zayo ziquka:
(1) Amandla acocekileyo: Amandla elanga, njengomthombo wamandla acocekileyo, awavelisi ungcoliseko kunye neegesi zegreenhouse ekuveliseni umbane we-photovoltaic.
(2) Amandla avuselelekayo: Amandla elanga ngumthombo wamandla ongenamkhawulo onokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo imitha yelanga ngaphandle kokuphelelwa.
(3) Iindleko zokulungisa eziphantsi: Iinkqubo zokuvelisa umbane ze-photovoltaic zineendleko zokulungisa eziphantsi kwaye zifuna kuphela ukucocwa rhoqo kweemodyuli ze-photovoltaic.
2. Iingxaki:
Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic nako kuneengxaki ezilandelayo:
(1) Imida yeemeko zelanga: Ukuveliswa kombane we-photovoltaic kuyachaphazeleka kwiimeko zelanga, kwaye akunakuvelisa umbane xa kunetha imvula nasebusuku. Izixhobo zokugcina umbane okanye eminye imithombo yamandla eyongezelelweyo kufuneka ixhotyiswe.
(2) Uxinano lwamandla aphantsi: Uxinano lwamandla okuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic luphantsi kakhulu, nto leyo efuna iindawo ezinkulu zeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamandla amakhulu.
(3) Ungcoliseko oluvela ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso: Ezinye izinto ezisetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kweemodyuli ze-photovoltaic zinokubangela ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.
Isiphelo:
Amandla obushushu, amandla ombane aphuma emanzini, amandla omoya, kunye netekhnoloji yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic zonke zineengenelo kunye neengxaki zazo. Ukukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokuvelisa amandla kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo izinto ezininzi ezifana neendleko zamandla, iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo, kunye neemeko zengingqi. Kuphuhliso lwamandla oluzayo, kufuneka kwenziwe imizamo yokwandisa uphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kancinci kancinci kumafutha emveli e-fossil.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-30-2024
