Ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo kwimfuno yamandla ehlabathi, ubugcisa obahlukeneyo bokuvelisa amandla bukhula ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye bukhula. Amandla obushushu, amandla ombane, amandla omoya, kunye nobuchwepheshe bokuvelisa amandla ephotovoltaic badlale indima ebalulekileyo kushishino lwamandla. Eli nqaku liza kuthelekisa ngokubanzi iingenelo kunye nokungalunganga kobuchwephesha bokuvelisa amandla afana nombane oshushu, umbane wamanzi, amandla omoya, kunye ne-photovoltaic ngokwemibono eyahlukeneyo, ukwenzela ukunika ireferensi ukuze abantu baqonde ngcono kwaye bakhethe iindlela zokuvelisa amandla ezilungele iimfuno zabo.
1. Amandla obushushu
1. Izinto eziluncedo:
Amandla obushushu ngoku yenye yezona ndlela zibalulekileyo zokuvelisa amandla kumazwe ngamazwe. Izibonelelo zayo ziquka:
(1) Iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi: Iindleko zokwakha nokusebenza kwezixhobo zombane ezishushu ziphantsi ngokwentelekiso, kwaye unikezelo lwamafutha luzinzile kwaye luthembekile.
(2) Ukwenziwa kombane okuphezulu: Amaziko ombane obushushu ahlala esebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, anokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo amandla obushushu aveliswa kukutsha kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
(3) Ukulungelelaniswa okuqinileyo: Izityalo zamandla e-thermal zinokulungelelaniswa okuqinileyo kwaye zinokuhlengahlengisa ukuveliswa kwamandla ngokuguquguqukayo ngokotshintsho kumthwalo.
2. Izinto ezingeloncedo:
Amandla e-Thermal asiyondlela igqibeleleyo yokuvelisa umbane, kwaye ikwanale miqobo ilandelayo:
(1) Ukukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside ephezulu: Ukutshisa amalahle okanye i-oyile kunye nezinye izibaso kwimizi-mveliso yamandla obushushu kunokuvelisa isixa esikhulu seegesi ze<em>greenhouse ezifana ne<em>carbon dioxide, nto leyo eyandisa imiba yokutshintsha kwemozulu yehlabathi.
(2) Ukunqongophala kwemithombo yamafutha: Imithombo yemveli yamandla eshushu eshushu efana namalahle anoovimba abambalwa, iindleko eziphezulu zokutsalwa, kwaye zinokuba neempembelelo ezimbi kokusingqongileyo.
(3) Ungcoliseko olumandla lomoya: Inkqubo yokutshiswa kwezityalo zamandla ashushu ivelisa isixa esikhulu seegesi eziyingozi ezinjengenitrogen oxides nesulfure dioxide, echaphazela ngokunzulu umgangatho womoya.
2, Umbane wamanzi
1. Izinto eziluncedo:
I-Hydropower yindlela ecocekileyo nehlaziyekayo yokuvelisa amandla ngezi nzuzo zilandelayo:
(1) Akukho lungcoliso: Izityalo ezisebenza ngamanzi azizivelisi iigesi ze<em>greenhouse ezifana ne<em>carbon dioxide, yaye ungcoliso lwazo lwemekobume lulinganiselwe kakhulu.
(2) Amandla ahlaziyekayo: I-Hydropower iguqula amandla okuhamba kwamanzi abe ngumbane, kwaye inkqubo yokujikeleza kwamanzi inokuhlaziywa ngokungenasiphelo ngaphandle kokunciphisa, okwenza amandla azinzileyo.
(3) Isakhono esinamandla sokulawula: Izityalo zombane wamanzi zinamandla okulawula amandla kwaye zinokuhlengahlengisa ukuphuma kombane ngokwemfuno.
2. Izinto ezingeloncedo:
Nangona umbane owenziwe ngamanzi uneengenelo ezizodwa, unazo ezi ntsilelo zilandelayo:
(1) Ubuncwane bamanzi bulinganiselwe: Izikhululo zombane wamanzi zifuna isixa esikhulu somthombo wamanzi, kodwa ukusasazwa kobutyebi bamanzi akulingani, yaye eminye imimandla isenokujamelana nengxaki yomthombo wamanzi.
(2) Impembelelo kwindalo nokusingqongileyo: Ukwakha izikhululo zombane ezikhulu ngamanzi kunokufuna izandyondyo zemimandla yomhlaba, konakalise indalo esingqongileyo, kwaye kukhokhelele ekuncipheni kwabantu basemanzini.
(3) Utyalo-mali olukhulu lobunjineli: Isikali sokwakhiwa kwezikhululo zombane wamanzi sikhulu ngokwentelekiso, sifuna utyalo-mali oluphezulu lobunjineli.
3. Amandla omoya
1. Izinto eziluncedo:
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, itekhnoloji yamandla omoya ifumene uphuhliso olukhawulezayo, kunye neenzuzo ezibandakanya:
(1) Amandla acocekileyo: Amandla omoya ngumthombo wamandla ococekileyo nohlaziyekayo ongavelisi ungcoliso neegesi zegreenhouse.
(2) Amandla ahlaziyekayo: Amandla omoya ngumthombo wamandla angenasiphelo avelisa umbane ngokujikeleziswa kweeinjini zomoya kwaye aphantse angapheli.
(3) Ukuguquguquka okuqinileyo kommandla: Amandla omoya anokwakhiwa ezidolophini, ezidolophini, emaphandleni, nakwiindawo eziselunxwemeni, ngokuguquguquka okuqinileyo kwengingqi.
2. Izinto ezingeloncedo:
Itekhnoloji yamandla omoya nayo inazo ezi ntsilelo zilandelayo:
(1) Ukungazinzi: Ukungazinzi kwamandla omoya kukhokelela ekuthembekeni okulambathayo kokuveliswa kwamandla omoya, kuwenza ungafaneleki njengomthombo wamandla osisiseko.
(2) Ingxolo kunye nongcoliseko olubonakalayo: Iiinjini zomoya zivelisa ingxolo ngexesha lokusebenza, kwaye ubuhle beeinjini zomoya zihlala ziphikisana.
(3) Iindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa: Iiinjini zomoya zifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa, okukhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa.
4, Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-Photovoltaic
1. Izinto eziluncedo:
Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-Photovoltaic luhlobo lwendlela yokuvelisa amandla esebenzisa amandla elanga ukuguqula amandla elanga abe ngamandla ombane. Izibonelelo zayo ziquka:
(1) Amandla acocekileyo: Amandla elanga, njengomthombo wamandla acocekileyo, awavelisi izinto ezingcolisayo kunye ne-greenhouse gases kwi-photovoltaic power generation.
(2) Amandla ahlaziyekayo: Amandla elanga ngumthombo wamandla angenasiphelo onokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo imitha yelanga ngaphandle kokuphelelwa.
(3) Iindleko zokugcinwa okuphantsi: Iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla e-Photovoltaic zineendleko eziphantsi zokugcinwa kwaye zifuna kuphela ukucocwa rhoqo kweemodyuli ze-photovoltaic.
2. Izinto ezingeloncedo:
Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-Photovoltaic nako kunezithintelo ezilandelayo:
(1) Izithintelo zeemeko zokukhanya kwelanga: Imveliso yamandla e-Photovoltaic ivakalelwa kwiimeko zokukhanya kwelanga, kwaye ayikwazi ukuvelisa umbane kwimozulu yemvula nasebusuku. Izixhobo zokugcina amandla okanye eminye imithombo yamandla eyongezelelweyo kufuneka ixhotyiswe.
(2) Ubuninzi bamandla aphantsi: Ubuninzi bamandla ombane owenziwe nge-photovoltaic buncinci, bufuna iindawo ezinkulu zeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezinkulu zamandla.
(3) Ukungcola okwenziwa ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa: Ezinye izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweemodyuli ze-photovoltaic zingabangela ukungcoliswa kwendalo.
Isiphelo:
Amandla obushushu, amandla ombane, amandla omoya, kunye nobuchwepheshe bokuvelisa amandla ephotovoltaic zonke zineengenelo zazo kunye nezingeloncedo zazo. Ukukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokuvelisa amandla kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokubanzi imiba emininzi efana neendleko zamandla, iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo, kunye neemeko zengingqi. Kuphuhliso lwamandla kwixesha elizayo, kufuneka kwenziwe iinzame zokwandisa uphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kunye nokunciphisa ngokuthe ngcembe ukuthembela kumafutha emveli.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-30-2024
