Kutshanje, amazwe amaninzi anyuse ngokulandelelana iinjongo zawo zophuhliso lwamandla ahlaziyekayo. EYurophu, i-Italiya inyuse itekeni yayo yophuhliso lwamandla ahlaziyekayo ukuya kuma-64% ngo-2030. Ngokutsho kwemozulu kunye nesicwangciso samandla esihlaziyiweyo sase-Italiya, ngo-2030, injongo yophuhliso lwe-Italian ene-renewable efakelweyo iya kwandiswa ukusuka kwi-80 million kilowatts ukuya kwi-131 million kilowatts, kunye ne-photovoltaic kunye namandla omoya afakwe kwi-19 yezigidi zeekhilowatt kunye ne-9 million ye-kilowatt ukufikelela kwi-kilowatts yezigidi eziyi-8. ngokulandelelana. IPortugal inyuse ujoliso lwayo lophuhliso lwamandla ahlaziyekayo ukuya kuma-56% ngo-2030. Ngokwezinto ezilindelwe ngurhulumente wasePortugal, amandla ahlaziyiweyo elizwe afakelweyo ekujoliswe kuwo kuya kunyuswa ukusuka kwi-27.4 yezigidi zeekilowatts ukuya kwi-42.8 yezigidi zeekilowatts ngo-2030. kunye nethagethi yokufakelwa kweeseli ze-electrolytic iya kwandiswa ukuya kwi-5.5 yezigidi zeekilowatts. Uphuhliso lwamandla avuselelekayo ePortugal kulindeleke ukuba lufune utyalo-mali lwe-75 yeebhiliyoni zee-euro, kunye nenkxaso-mali ephuma kwicandelo labucala.
KuMbindi Mpuma, i-United Arab Emirates isanda kwazisa isicwangciso sayo samva nje samandla esizwe, esiceba ukuphinda kabini imveliso yamandla ahlaziyekayo ngo-2030. Ngeli xesha, ilizwe liza kutyala imali malunga ne-54.44 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kumandla avuselelekayo ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ekhulayo yamandla ngenxa yokukhula kwabantu. Esi sicwangciso-qhinga sikwabandakanya isicwangciso esitsha samandla e-hydrogen yelizwe kunye nokusekwa kothungelwano lwesikhululo sesikhululo sokutshaja isithuthi sombane sesizwe, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokulawula imarike yezithuthi zombane.
E-Asia, urhulumente wase-Vietnamese usandula ukuvuma isicwangciso sesibhozo sophuhliso lwamandla eVietnam (PDP8). I-PDP8 ibandakanya isicwangciso sophuhliso lombane waseVietnam ukuya kwi-2030 kunye nembono yayo ukuya kwi-2050. Ngokubhekiselele kumandla avuselelekayo, i-PDP 8 iqikelela ukuba umlinganiselo wokuvelisa amandla avuselelekayo uya kufikelela kwi-30.9% ukuya kwi-39.2% nge-2030, kunye ne-67.5% ukuya kwi-71.5% kwi-IPG2 ye-20 ye-IP kunye ne-20 December ye-IPG2 ye-20 ye-Vietnam. IQela leNtsebenziswano yaMazwe ngaMazwe) likhuphe ingxelo edibeneyo “ngeNtsebenziswano yeeNguqu zoMbane oLungileyo”. Kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu ezayo, iVietnam iya kufumana ubuncinci i-15.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, eza kusetyenziswa ukuncedisa iVietnam ekukhawuleziseni inguquko yayo ukusuka kumalahle ukuya kumandla acocekileyo. I-PDP 8 iphakamisa ukuba ukuba "i-Fair Energy Transition Partnership" iphunyezwe ngokupheleleyo, umlinganiselo wokuvelisa amandla avuselelekayo eVietnam uya kufikelela kwi-47% ngo-2030. UMphathiswa wezoQoqosho waseMalaysia ubhengeze uhlaziyo kwiinjongo zalo zophuhliso lwamandla avuselelekayo, ezijolise ekuphenduleni malunga ne-70% yesakhiwo sombane wesizwe nge-2050 yokumisa umqobo wokuvuselela amandla. Injongo yophuhliso lwamandla ahlaziyekayo ebekwe yiMalaysia ngo-2021 kukuphendula kwi-40% yesakhiwo sombane. Olu hlaziyo luthetha ukuba umthamo wamandla ohlaziyekayo welizwe uya kwandisa ngokuphindwe kalishumi ukusuka ku-2023 ukuya ku-2050. UMphathiswa wezoQoqosho waseMalaysia uthe ukufezekisa iinjongo zophuhliso olutsha, utyalo-mali olumalunga ne-143 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zase-US luyafuneka, olukwabandakanya iziseko zegridi, ukuhlanganiswa kwenkqubo yokugcina amandla, kunye neendleko zokusebenza kwenkqubo yenethiwekhi.
Ngokwembono yehlabathi, amazwe aya exabisa kwaye eqhubeka ekhulisa utyalo-mali lwawo kummandla wamandla ahlaziyekayo, kwaye isantya sokukhula kwiinkalo ezinxulumeneyo siyabonakala. Kwisiqingatha sokuqala salo nyaka, iJamani yongeze irekhodi ye-8 yezigidi zeekilowatts zelanga kunye nomoya ofakelweyo umthamo. Iqhutywa ngumoya oselunxwemeni kunye nombane welanga, amandla ahlaziyekayo ahlangabezana ne-52% yemfuno yombane yaseJamani. Ngokwesicwangciso samandla sangaphambili saseJamani, ngo-2030, i-80% yonikezelo lwamandla ayo iza kuvela kwimithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo efana nelanga, umoya, i-biomass, kunye nombane owenziwe ngamanzi.
Ngokwengxelo yamva nje evela kwi-International Energy Agency, ukunyuka kwenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso amafutha efosili, kunye nokwandisa ingqalelo kwimiba yokhuseleko lwamandla kuqhuba ukuthunyelwa kwe-photovoltaic kunye namandla omoya. Ushishino lwamandla ahlaziyekayo kwihlabathi jikelele kulindeleke ukuba lukhawulezise uphuhliso ngo-2023, kunye nomthamo omtsha ofakiweyo olindeleke ukuba wenyuke malunga nesinye kwisithathu ngonyaka, kunye nofakelo lwamandla e-photovoltaic kunye nomoya ofumana ukukhula okukhulu. Ngo-2024, umthamo wehlabathi jikelele ofakelweyo ohlaziyiweyo kulindeleke ukuba unyuke ukuya kutsho kwi-4.5 yeebhiliyoni zeekhilowathi, kwaye olu lwando luguqukayo lwenzeka kwiimarike ezinkulu kwihlabathi jikelele, kubandakanya iYurophu, iUnited States, iIndiya neTshayina. I-Arhente yaMandla yeZizwe ngezizwe iqikelela ukuba i-380 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwi-investment yehlabathi iya kuhamba kwicandelo lamandla elanga kulo nyaka, idlula utyalo-mali kwicandelo le-oyile okokuqala. Kulindeleke ukuba nge-2024, amandla okuvelisa imboni ye-photovoltaic iya kuba ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabini. Ukongeza ekwakhiweni kwezikhululo zamandla ephotovoltaic ezinkulu kwiindawo ezininzi kwihlabathi jikelele, iinkqubo ezincinci zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic nazo zibonisa ukukhula okukhawulezayo. Kwicandelo lamandla omoya, njengoko iiprojekthi zamandla omoya ebezilibazisekile ngaphambili ngexesha lobhubhani ziqhubela phambili, ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya kwihlabathi jikelele kuza kuphinda kuqhawuke ngokubonakalayo kulo nyaka, ngokukhula konyaka nonyaka malunga nama-70%. Ngelo xesha, iindleko zamandla avuselelekayo ezifana nokuveliswa kwamandla elanga kunye nomoya ziyancipha, kwaye amazwe amaninzi aqaphela ukuba ukuphuhlisa amandla avuselelekayo akuncedi nje ukujongana nokutshintsha kwemozulu, kodwa kunika izisombululo ezibalulekileyo zokujongana nemiba yokhuseleko lwamandla.
Nangona kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba kusekho umsantsa omkhulu kutyalo-mali lwamandla oluzinzileyo kumazwe asakhulayo. Ukususela ekuphunyezweni kweSivumelwano saseParis ngo-2015, utyalo-mali lwamazwe ngamazwe kumandla ahlaziyekayo luphantse luphindwe kabini ngo-2022, kodwa uninzi lwalo lugxile kumazwe aphuhlileyo. Ngomhla we-5 kaJulayi, iNkomfa yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yoRhwebo kunye noPhuhliso ikhuphe iNgxelo yoTyalo-mali lweHlabathi ye-2023, ebonisa ukuba utyalo-mali lwamandla ahlaziyekayo kwihlabathi kwi-2022 lubonise ukusebenza okuqinileyo, kodwa kusafuneka kuphuculwe. Umsantsa wotyalo-mali kwiinjongo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo ufikelele kwi-4 yetriliyoni zeerandi ngonyaka. Kumazwe asakhasayo, utyalo-mali lwawo kumandla azinzileyo lusilela emva kokukhula kwemfuno. Kuqikelelwa ukuba amazwe asaphuhlayo afuna malunga ne-1.7 yeetriliyoni zeetriliyoni kutyalo-mali lwamandla ahlaziyekayo ngonyaka, kodwa atsala i-544 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2022. I-Arhente yaMandla yamazwe ngamazwe nayo ibonise umbono ofanayo kwiNgxelo yoTyalo-mali lweHlabathi ye-2023, ichaza ukuba utyalo-mali lwamandla acocekileyo emhlabeni wonke alulingani, kunye ne-gap enkulu yotyalo-mali evela kwiimarike ezisakhulayo kunye namazwe asakhulayo. Ukuba la mazwe akalukhawulezisi utshintsho lwawo kumandla acocekileyo, imbonakalo yamandla ehlabathi iya kujongana nezikhewu ezintsha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-29-2023
