Ngaba umbane ophuma emanzini uza kuba yinto entle kakhulu yokugcina umbane wehlabathi kwixesha elizayo? Ukuba siqala ngokwembali, uza kufumanisa ukuba nokuba imeko yamandla itshintsha njani na, ukusetyenziswa kombane ophuma emanzini kuyanda ehlabathini.
Kumaxesha amandulo akudala, abantu babesebenzisa amandla amanzi ukuqhuba ivili lamanzi nokuqhuba umsila ukubonelela ngamandla okunkcenkceshela emakhaya nakwezolimo. Ngophuhliso lweentshukumo ezimbini zoshishino, amandla ombane asetyenziswa ngamanzi aye axatyiswa ngakumbi. Injini yomphunga ibonelela ngobonelelo lwamandla olungakumbi kuluntu, ngoko ke abantu banomdla wokufuna isakhiwo samandla ngokuchanekileyo okuphezulu, ulawulo oluqinileyo kunye nokulula okungcono kangangexesha elithile. Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwenjini yomphunga kunye namandla ombane kuye kwakhuthaza ngokukhawuleza inkqubela phambili yesayensi kunye netekhnoloji.
Ngo-1831, iFerrari yatyhila umgaqo osisiseko wempembelelo ye-electromagnetic ngokusebenzisa inani elikhulu leemvavanyo. Uluntu lwefiziksi luye lwahlola ngakumbi ngeemoto zombane. Inkulungwane ye-19 yonke yayikwixesha lombane ophantsi kakhulu. Ngelo xesha, bambalwa abantu ehlabathini ababenokusebenzisa izibane ze-arc zombane ezibizayo. Kwakungekho de ingcali yefiziksi egama linguWilliam Armstrong yadibanisa ukusetyenziswa kombane wamanzi kunye nejenereyitha apho le meko yatshintsha kancinci kancinci.
Le ngcali yefiziksi yothando isebenzise ngcono ubuchule bayo ebomini. Kwinduli engaphandle kweRosberg, yasebenzisa izibonelelo zomhlaba ukuxhobisa i-manor yayo ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ezintle zamanzi nombane, ngoko ke ubomi bayo bube lula kakhulu. Umzekelo, ngumntu wokuqala emhlabeni ukusebenzisa umatshini wokuhlamba ngamanzi. Ikwaye yenza i-hydraulic lift ngokusebenzisa isiphumo samanzi nombane.
Yinto yakhe ebonakalisa kwihlabathi liphela ukuba amandla adibeneyo ombane wamanzi akanakuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwemizi-mveliso, kodwa kulindeleke ukuba atshintshe ubomi babantu kunye nendlela yokuvelisa. Ngo-1882, u-Edison waseka inkqubo yokuvelisa umbane wamanzi, ekwayeyona sikhululo sokuqala sombane wamanzi emhlabeni. Le projekthi ikwaphawula ukuqala kwexesha lombane wamanzi kuluntu lonke.
Ukuba izixhobo zamandla zingumthombo wobomi kumazwe amaninzi, uphuhliso lwamandla aphuma emanzini yeyona siseko ilungileyo yokukhuthaza inkqubela phambili yoluntu kulo naliphi na ilizwe okanye ummandla. Inani elikhulu ledatha yembali libonisa ukuba iiprojekthi zamandla aphuma emanzini zinokukhokelela kwisiphumo esingcono senkqubela phambili yexesha. Ke ngoko, iiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo zamandla aphuma emanzini nazo zakhiwe kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, iHoover Dam eMelika ngo-1931, iVaian Dam e-Itali ngo-1959, kunye neThree Gorges Dam eTshayina ngo-2006.
Ngoku amazwe amaninzi okanye imimandla iye yaqonda ukuba ayinakukwazi ukushiya umbane wamanzi ukuze ilandele uphuhliso lwexesha elide. Ke ngoko, umbane wamanzi uza kuqhubeka ukho ixesha elide. Emva kwenkulungwane yama-21, amaxabiso eoyile yehlabathi anyuke kancinci kancinci. Indalo yethu ijongene nongcoliseko olukhulu, kwaye uphuhliso lwamandla amanzi lunokukhuthaza ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo esitsha samandla.
Uphuhliso nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane ngamanzi kuya kuba yingxaki ekufuneka iqwalaselwe lilizwe ngalinye elikhulu. Xa uphuhliso lwamandla luvula indlela entsha yexesha, abantu babonakala bemi kwindawo entsha yokuqala. Ngubani onokuba neengenelo ezingaphezulu kwixesha elizayo lokusukela amandla acocekileyo? Kukwaxhomekeke ekubeni amazwe kwihlabathi liphela anokuhlanganisa isantya sokwakha, athathe uphuhliso oluzinzileyo njengenjongo, asebenzise ngokupheleleyo indima ebalulekileyo yemithombo yamanzi ekuveliseni umbane, kwaye abonelele ngokulula ubomi babantu kunye nemveliso, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezininzi zoluntu.
Enyanisweni, imithombo yamanzi ayinakuba ngamandla acocekileyo kuphela, kodwa ikwanazo nexabiso eliphezulu lokuhombisa kunye nabakhenkethi. Umzekelo, iGansu Yongxing Silk Road International Travel Service Co., Ltd. ibijongene noluntu unyaka wonke, inika abasebenzisi iinkonzo ezisemgangathweni ophezulu ngokunyanisekileyo, inamathela kwinjongo yeshishini yokusinda ngomgangatho kunye nophuhliso ngodumo. Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, siye saqhubeka nokuphucula inethiwekhi yesizwe kunye nendlela yolawulo oluthe nkqo, kwaye sakhokela ekwakheni ishishini elikumgangatho ophezulu elinegama elikhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-29-2023
