Uphuhliso nolwakhiwo olukhawulezileyo nolukhulu luzise iingxaki zokhuseleko, umgangatho kunye nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokwakha zenkqubo entsha yombane, inani lezikhululo zamandla zokugcina ezimpompiweyo ziye zavunywa ukuba zakhiwe minyaka le. Ixesha lokwakha elifunekayo lifinyezwe kakhulu ukusuka kwiminyaka eyi-8-10 ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-4-6. Uphuhliso nokwakhiwa ngokukhawuleza kweprojekthi kuya kuzisa iingxaki zokhuseleko, umgangatho kunye nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi.
Ukuze kusonjululwe uthotho lweengxaki ezibangelwa kuphuhliso olukhawulezileyo nokwakhiwa kweeprojekthi, iiyunithi zokwakha kunye nolawulo lweeprojekthi kufuneka ziqale zenze uphando lobuchwephesha kunye nokuziqhelanisa noomatshini kunye nobukrelekrele bobunjineli bokwakha izikhululo zamandla zokugcina ezimpompiweyo. Itekhnoloji yeTBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) iqaliswa ukumba inani elikhulu leemiqolomba ezingaphantsi komhlaba, kwaye izixhobo zeTBM ziphuhliswa kunye neempawu zesikhululo samandla sokugcina ezimpompiweyo, kwaye kwenziwa iskimu sobugcisa bokwakha. Ngenxa yeemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ezifana nokumba, ukuthunyelwa, inkxaso kunye ne-inverted arch ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo, kuphuhliswe iskimu sesicelo esixhasayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwakha oomatshini kunye nobukrelekrele, kwaye kwenziwe uphando kwizihloko ezinje ngokusebenza ngobukrelekrele kwezixhobo zenkqubo enye, ukuzenzekela kwenkqubo yonke yokwakha inkqubo, ukwenziwa kwedijithali kolwazi lokwakha izixhobo, ukwakhiwa okungenamntu kwezixhobo zoomatshini ezilawulwa kude, uhlalutyo lokuqonda olukrelekrele lomgangatho wokwakha, njl.njl. Ukuphuhlisa izixhobo kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokwakha oomatshini kunye nobukrelekrele.
Ngokuphathelele ukusetyenziswa koomatshini kunye nobukrelekrele bobunjineli boomatshini nombane, singahlalutya imfuno yesicelo kunye nokwenzeka kokusetyenziswa koomatshini kunye nobukrelekrele kwiinkalo zokunciphisa abaqhubi, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi, ukunciphisa iingozi zomsebenzi, njl.njl., kwaye siphuhlise izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini kunye nobunjineli boomatshini kunye neenkqubo zokwakha ubukrelekrele kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza zokufakelwa kwezixhobo zoomatshini kunye nombane.
Ukongeza, uyilo lobunjineli be-3D kunye netekhnoloji yokulinganisa ingasetyenziselwa ukuseta kwangaphambili kunye nokulinganisa ezinye izakhiwo kunye nezixhobo kwangaphambili, ezingenako ukugqiba inxalenye yomsebenzi kwangaphambili, zifinyeze ixesha lokwakha kwindawo, kodwa zikwaqhuba ukwamkelwa okusebenzayo kunye nolawulo lomgangatho kwangaphambili, ziphucula ngempumelelo umgangatho kunye nenqanaba lolawulo lokhuseleko.
Ukusebenza okukhulu kwesikhululo samandla kuzisa ingxaki yokusebenza okuthembekileyo, imfuno ekrelekrele nenzulu. Ukusebenza okukhulu kwezikhululo zamandla zokugcina ezimpompiweyo kuya kuzisa iingxaki ezifana neendleko eziphezulu zokusebenza nokugcinwa, ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi, njl. Ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza nokugcinwa, isitshixo kukuphucula ukuthembeka kokusebenza kweeyunithi zokugcina ezimpompiweyo; Ukusombulula ingxaki yokunqongophala kwabasebenzi, kuyimfuneko ukufezekisa ulawulo olukrelekrele nolunzulu lokusebenza kwesikhululo samandla.
Ukuphucula ukuthembeka kokusebenza kweyunithi, ngokwendlela yokukhetha noyilo lohlobo lwezixhobo, iingcali kufuneka zishwankathele nzulu amava asebenzayo kuyilo nokusebenza kwezityalo zokugcina amandla ezimpompiweyo, zenze uyilo lokulungisa, ukhetho lohlobo kunye nophando olusemgangathweni kwiinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zezixhobo zokugcina amandla ezimpompiweyo, kwaye zihlaziye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokwendlela yokunika izixhobo, ukuphatha iimpazamo kunye namava okugcina. Ngokwendlela yokuvelisa izixhobo, iiyunithi zokugcina izixhobo zemveli zisenezinye iiteknoloji eziphambili zokwenza izixhobo ezandleni zabavelisi bamanye amazwe. Kubalulekile ukwenza uphando lwendawo kwezi zixhobo "zomngxunya", kwaye udibanise iminyaka yamava okusebenza nokugcina kunye namaqhinga kuzo, ukuze kuphuculwe ngokufanelekileyo umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokuthembeka kokusebenza kwezi zixhobo ziphambili. Ngokwendlela yokujonga ukusebenza kwezixhobo, iingcali kufuneka zenze ngokucwangcisiweyo imigangatho yokumisela imeko yezixhobo ngokwembono yokuqwalaselwa kwesimo sezixhobo kunye nokulinganiswa, zenze uphando olunzulu ngamaqhinga okulawula izixhobo, amaqhinga okujonga imeko kunye neendlela zovavanyo lwempilo ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zokhuseleko lwangaphakathi, zakhe uhlalutyo olukrelekrele kunye neqonga lesilumkiso kwangethuba lokujonga imeko yezixhobo, zifumane iingozi ezifihliweyo kwizixhobo kwangaphambili kwaye zenze isilumkiso kwangethuba ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ukuze kufezekiswe ulawulo olukrelekrele nolunzulu lokusebenza kwesikhululo samandla, iingcali kufuneka zenze uphando malunga nolawulo oluzenzekelayo lwezixhobo okanye iteknoloji enye ebalulekileyo yokusebenza ngokubhekiselele kulawulo kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo, ukuze kufezekiswe ukuqaliswa kunye nokuvalwa kunye nokulawulwa komthwalo ngokuzenzekelayo kweyunithi ngaphandle kokungenelela kwabasebenzi, kwaye kufezekiswe ulandelelwano lokusebenza kunye nokuqinisekiswa kobukrelekrele obunemilinganiselo emininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka; Ngokuphathelele ukuhlolwa kwezixhobo, iingcali zinokwenza uphando lobuchwephesha malunga nombono womatshini, ukuqonda koomatshini, ukuhlolwa kwerobhothi kunye nezinye iinkalo, kwaye zenze uqheliselo lobuchwephesha ekutshintsheni oomatshini bokuhlola; Ngokuphathelele ukusebenza okuqinileyo kwesikhululo samandla, kuyimfuneko ukwenza uphando kunye nokuziqhelanisa kwitekhnoloji yokubeka esweni yomntu omnye kunye nezityalo ezininzi ukuze kusonjululwe ngempumelelo ingxaki yokunqongophala kwezixhobo zabasebenzi emsebenzini ezibangelwa kukuphuhliswa kwezikhululo zamandla zokugcina ezimpompiweyo.
Ukwenziwa lula kwendawo yokugcina empompiweyo kunye nokusebenza okudibeneyo kokuhlanganiswa kwamandla amaninzi okubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwemithombo emininzi yamandla amatsha asasazekileyo. Uphawu oluphawulekayo lwenkqubo entsha yamandla kukuba kukho inani elikhulu lamandla amatsha amancinci asasazekileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zegridi, asebenza kwigridi ene-voltage ephantsi. Ukuze kufunxwe kwaye kusetyenziswe le mithombo yamandla amatsha asasazekileyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye kuncitshiswe ngempumelelo ukuxinana kwamandla kwigridi enkulu yamandla, kuyimfuneko ukwakha iiyunithi zokugcina ezimpompiweyo ezisasazekileyo kufutshane nemithombo emitsha yamandla asasazekileyo ukuze kufezekiswe ukugcinwa kwendawo, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla amatsha ngokusebenzisa iigridi zamandla ezine-voltage ephantsi. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukusombulula iingxaki zokwenziwa lula kwendawo yokugcina empompiweyo kunye nokusebenza okudibeneyo kokuhlanganiswa kwamandla amaninzi.
Kubalulekile ukuba iinjineli kunye neengcali zenze uphando ngamandla malunga nokukhethwa kwendawo, uyilo kunye nokuveliswa, icebo lolawulo kunye nokusetyenziswa okudibeneyo kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezikhululo zamandla zokugcina ezimpompiweyo ezisasazwayo, kubandakanya iiyunithi zokugcina ezimpompiweyo ezincinci eziguqulwayo, ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo kweempompo kunye neeturbines, ukusebenza ngokudibeneyo kwezikhululo zamandla amancinci kunye nezikhululo zokumpompi, njl.njl. Kwangaxeshanye, uphando kunye nomboniso weprojekthi kwitekhnoloji yokusebenza edibeneyo yokugcina ezimpompiweyo kunye nomoya, ukukhanya kunye namandla e-hydropower zenziwa ukuze kucetyiswe izisombululo zobugcisa zokuhlola ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokusebenzisana kwezoqoqosho kwinkqubo entsha yamandla.
Ingxaki "yokutshixa" kobuchwephesha beeyunithi zokugcina ezipompelwe ngesantya esiguquguqukayo ezilungiselelwe igridi yamandla e-elastic ephezulu. Iiyunithi zokugcina ezipompelwe ngesantya esiguquguqukayo zineempawu zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kulawulo lwefrikhwensi yokuqala, amandla okufaka ahlengahlengiswayo phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza kwepompo, kunye neyunithi esebenza kwi-optimal curve, kunye nempendulo ebukhali kunye nomzuzu ophezulu wokungakhathali. Ukuze kuthintelwe ngempumelelo ukungaguquguquki kunye nokuguquguquka kwegridi yamandla, lungisa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ufunxe amandla angaphezulu aveliswa ngamandla amatsha kwicala lokuvelisa kunye necala lomsebenzisi, kwaye ulawule ngcono ibhalansi yomthwalo wegridi yamandla e-elastic kakhulu nesebenzisanayo, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa umlinganiselo weeyunithi zesantya esiguquguqukayo kwigridi yamandla. Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku, uninzi lwetekhnoloji eziphambili zokupompa amanzi kunye neeyunithi zokugcina amanzi ngesantya esiguquguqukayo zisesezandleni zabavelisi bamanye amazwe, kwaye ingxaki "yokutshixa" kobuchwephesha kufuneka isonjululwe.
Ukuze kufezekiswe ulawulo oluzimeleyo lwetekhnoloji eziphambili, kuyimfuneko ukugxila kuphando lwesayensi lwasekhaya kunye namandla obuchwephesha ukuze kwenziwe ngokunzulu uyilo kunye nophuhliso lweemoto zejenereyitha ezinesantya esiguquguqukayo kunye neeturbine zepompo, uphuhliso lwamaqhinga olawulo kunye nezixhobo zabaguquli be-AC abavuselelayo, uphuhliso lwamaqhinga olawulo oludibeneyo kunye nezixhobo zeeyunithi ezinesantya esiguquguqukayo, uphando lwamaqhinga olawulo lwerhuluneli kwiiyunithi ezinesantya esiguquguqukayo, uphando lwenkqubo yokuguqula imeko yokusebenza kunye namaqhinga olawulo adibeneyo kwiiyunithi ezinesantya esiguquguqukayo, Ukuqonda uyilo olupheleleyo lwendawo kunye nokusetyenziswa komboniso wokuvelisa kunye nobunjineli beeyunithi ezinkulu ezinesantya esiguquguqukayo.
Ukushwankathela, ngophuhliso olukhawulezileyo nokwakhiwa kweenkqubo ezintsha zamandla, kuyimfuneko ukukhawulezisa uphando malunga netekhnoloji yokwakha enobuchule neyoomatshini, itekhnoloji yokusebenza ekrelekrele neyomeleleyo yezityalo zamandla kunye netekhnoloji yokusebenza edibeneyo eyongeza amandla amaninzi yezityalo zamandla zokugcina ezimpompiweyo, ukwakha inani lezityalo zamandla zokugcina ezimpompiweyo ezincinci neziphakathi ezinombane omtsha osasazwe ngokweemeko zasekuhlaleni, kunye nokukhuthaza ngamandla ukusetyenziswa kwendawo kunye nobunjineli beeyunithi zokugcina ezimpompiweyo ezinesantya esiguquguqukayo. Abasebenzi bezenzululwazi kunye nobuchwephesha kufuneka basebenzise ithuba lophuhliso, bafumane indlela efanelekileyo yophando, kwaye benze igalelo elifanelekileyo ekwakhiweni kwenkqubo entsha yamandla kunye nokufezekiswa kwenjongo "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini".
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-28-2022
