Ukuze uncede ukufezekisa injongo "yokuphakama kwekhabhoni, i-carbon neutralization" kunye nokwakha inkqubo entsha yamandla, i-China Southern Power Grid Corporation ecetywayo ngokucacileyo ukwakha inkqubo entsha yamandla kummandla osezantsi ngo-2030 kunye nokwakha ngokupheleleyo inkqubo entsha yamandla ngo-2060. Kule nkqubo, siya kuphuhlisa ngamandla ukugcinwa kwempompo. Kucetywa ukunyusa umthamo ofakelweyo we-6 million kilowatts, 15 million kilowatts kunye ne-15 million kilowatts ngokulandelelanayo ngexesha “leSicwangciso seMinyaka yeshumi elineSine, ishumi elinesihlanu kunye neleshumi elineSithandathu”. Siza kuzama ukufikelela malunga nezigidi ezingama-44 zeekilowathi zomthamo wogcino olumpompelweyo kummandla osemazantsi ngowama-2035, siyenza ibe luhlobo olutsha lwesixokelelwano sokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yamandla, isilinganisi somthwalo kunye nesizinzisi segridi yamandla.
Umthombo: Iakhawunti esemthethweni ye-WeChat "iChina Energy Media Intelligent Manufacturing"
Umbhali: uPeng Yumin, iZiko loPhando ngoGcino lwaMandla laseTshayina iSouthern Power Grid Peak yokucheba kunye neFrequency Modulation Power Generation Co., Ltd
Iimpawu eziphambili zenkqubo yamandla entsha
Inkqubo entsha yamandla ilawulwa ngamandla acocekileyo, kwaye umlinganiselo wamandla amatsha kusetyenziso lwamandla uya kuqhubeka usanda, ngokuthe ngcembe usenza uhlobo lokusetyenziswa kwamandla amatsha, amandla ombane, amandla enyukliya njengeyona ndlela yokuvelisa amandla. Umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwamandla efosili uya kuncitshiswa ngokuthe ngcembe ukuhlangabezana nethagethi yekhabhoni engathathi hlangothi, kwaye isakhono esiseleyo esifakelweyo samandla efosili siya kusetyenziswa njengonikezelo lwamandla olugciniweyo lwenkqubo yamandla entsha. Kwinkqubo entsha yamandla, amandla amatsha aya kudityaniswa kwisixokelelwano sombane ngendlela esembindini nesasazwayo. Ngokumalunga nofikelelo olusembindini, ummandla osemazantsi uzama ukufikelela kumandla omoya olwandle angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-24 zeekilowathi, amandla omoya ovela elunxwemeni angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-20 zeekilowathi, kunye nofikelelo lwephotovoltaic olungaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-56 zeekilowathi ngo-2025. Ngokumalunga nokufikelela okwabiweyo, imithombo yombane esasazwayo enomthamo omncinci kunye negridi yombane iya kwakhiwa ngokweemeko zofikelelo ezikufutshane ziya kusetyenziswa kwizinga eliphantsi lokufikelela kwindawo.
Kwinkqubo entsha yamandla enamandla amatsha njengowona mzimba uphambili, eyona mveliso yezixhobo zokuvelisa amandla amatsha ichatshazelwa kakhulu yimekobume yemozulu, eneempawu ezicacileyo zokungakhethi, ukuguquguquka kunye nokuphazamiseka. Ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kokutshintshwa kwamandla ombane, izixhobo zokugcina amandla ezindlini kunye nekhaya elilumkileyo lenza umthwalo wecala lomsebenzisi uphuhliselwe kwicala elahlukileyo kunye nokunxibelelana, kwaye i-terminal yomsebenzisi ingena kwindlela entsha engumthengi kunye nomvelisi. Inkqubo entsha yamandla enamandla amatsha njengoko umzimba oyintloko ubonisa iimpawu "eziphindwe kabini" zomlinganiselo ophezulu wamandla amatsha kunye nomlinganiselo ophezulu wezixhobo zombane zombane. Ukuze uhlangabezane nokuguquguquka okukhulu kwamandla amatsha kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo ezigqithisileyo, kuyimfuneko ukufanisa umthamo ofakelweyo wokugcinwa kwepompo kunye nesikali esihambelanayo ngokomthamo ofakiweyo kunye nomlinganiselo wemveliso yamandla amatsha. Xa imveliso yamandla amatsha ingaqhelekanga, ugcino olumpompelweyo kufuneka lugcine imeko yenkqubo yamandla entsha yegridi kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye luthintele ukuguqulwa kwenkqubo yamandla entsha kwisixokelelwano samandla samandulo. Ke ngoko, uphuhliso kunye nokwakhiwa kwezikhululo zamandla ezimpompelweyo ziya kukhawuleza kwaye zibe zikhulu.
Iingxaki kunye nokuchasana nophuhliso olukhawulezayo kunye nobukhulu obukhulu bokugcinwa kompompo
Uphuhliso nolwakhiwo olukhawulezileyo nolukhulu luzise iingxaki zokhuseleko, umgangatho kunye nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zolwakhiwo lwesixokelelwano sombane esitsha, inani lezikhululo zamandla ezimpontshwayo zogcino zivunyiwe ukuba zakhiwe minyaka le. Ixesha lokwakha elifunekayo liye lancitshiswa kakhulu ukusuka kwi-8-10 iminyaka ukuya kwi-4-6 iminyaka. Uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo kunye nokwakhiwa kweprojekthi ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuzisa iingxaki zokhuseleko, umgangatho kunye nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi.
Ukuze kusonjululwe uthotho lweengxaki eziziswa luphuhliso olukhawulezayo kunye nokwakhiwa kweeprojekthi, ulwakhiwo kunye neeyunithi zolawulo lweeprojekthi kufuneka ziqale ziqhube uphando lobugcisa kunye nokusebenza ngoomatshini kunye nobukrelekrele bobunjineli boluntu bezityalo zamandla ezimpontshwayo zokugcina. I-TBM (i-Tunnel Boring Machine) iteknoloji yaziswa ngokumba inani elikhulu lemiqolomba engaphantsi komhlaba, kunye nezixhobo ze-TBM ziphuhliswa ngokudibanisa neempawu zesikhululo samandla esipompelweyo, kunye neskimu sobugcisa bokwakha siyaqulunqwa. Ngokujonga iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ezifana nokugrumba, ukuthunyelwa, inkxaso kunye ne-arch inverted ngexesha lolwakhiwo loluntu, inkqubo yesicelo exhasayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwakhiwa ngoomatshini kunye nolwakhiwo olukrelekrele luye lwaphuhliswa, kwaye uphando luye lwaqhutywa ngezihloko ezinjengokusebenza ngobukrelekrele kwezixhobo zenkqubo enye, i-automation yenkqubo yokwakhiwa kwenkqubo yonke, idijithali yedatha yolwakhiwo lwezixhobo, ulwakhiwo olungacwangciswanga lolwakhiwo lwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ukuhlalutya komgangatho ohlukeneyo, ukuhlalutya komgangatho ohlukeneyo, njl. izixhobo zokwakha ezinoomatshini nezikrelekrele kunye neenkqubo.
Ngokubhekiselele kumatshini kunye nobukrelekrele bobunjineli boomatshini kunye nombane, sinokuhlalutya imfuno yesicelo kunye nokuba nokwenzeka koomatshini kunye nobukrelekrele kwimiba yokunciphisa abaqhubi, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukunciphisa umngcipheko womsebenzi, njl.
Ukongeza, uyilo lobunjineli be-3D kunye neteknoloji yokulinganisa ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza kunye nokulinganisa ezinye izibonelelo kunye nezixhobo kwangaphambili, ezingenako ukugqiba inxalenye yomsebenzi kwangaphambili, ukunciphisa ixesha lokwakha kwisiza, kodwa kwakhona ukuphumeza ukwamkelwa okusebenzayo kunye nolawulo lomgangatho kwangaphambili, ngokufanelekileyo ukuphucula umgangatho kunye nenqanaba lolawulo lokhuseleko.
Ukusebenza ngobungakanani besikhululo samandla kuzisa ingxaki yokusebenza okuthembekileyo, imfuno ekrelekrele kunye nenzulu. Ukusebenza komlinganiselo omkhulu wezikhululo zamandla ezipompelweyo ziya kuzisa iingxaki ezifana neendleko eziphezulu zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa, ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi, njl.njl. Ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa, undoqo kukuphucula ukuthembeka kokusebenza kweeyunithi zokugcina ezimpontshwayo; Ukusombulula ingxaki yokunqongophala kwabasebenzi, kuyafuneka ukuba kuqatshelwe ulawulo olukrelekrele nolunzulu lomsebenzi womzi-mveliso wamandla.
Ukuphucula ukuthembeka komsebenzi weyunithi, malunga nokukhethwa kohlobo lwezixhobo kunye noyilo, amagcisa kufuneka ashwankathele ngokunzulu amava asebenzayo kuyilo kunye nokusebenza kweendawo zokugcina amandla ezipompoweyo, ukwenza uyilo lokuphucula, ukukhetha uhlobo kunye nophando lomgangatho kwiinkqubo ezisezantsi zezixhobo zezityalo zamandla okugcina ampompo, kwaye uzihlaziye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokugunyaziswa kwezixhobo, ukuphatha iimpazamo kunye namava okugcina. Ngokubhekiselele kwimveliso yezixhobo, iiyunithi zokugcina ezimponthiweyo zemveli zisenazo ezinye izixhobo ezingundoqo zobugcisa bokwenza izixhobo ezandleni zabenzi bangaphandle. Kuyimfuneko ukwenza uphando lwasekhaya kwezi zixhobo "zokuminxa", kwaye udibanise iminyaka yokusebenza kunye namava okugcinwa kunye nezicwangciso kuzo, ukuze kuphuculwe ngokufanelekileyo umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokuthembeka kokusebenza kwezi zixhobo eziphambili ezingundoqo. Ngokubhekiselele ekubekweni esweni kwezixhobo zokusebenza, amagcisa kufuneka aqulunqe ngokucwangcisiweyo imigangatho yoqwalaselo lwemeko yesixhobo ukusuka kumbono wokubonwa kwesimo sesixhobo kunye nokulinganiswa, ukwenza uphando olunzulu malunga nezicwangciso zolawulo lwezixhobo, izicwangciso zokuhlola ubume kunye neendlela zovavanyo lwempilo esekwe kwiimfuno zokhuseleko lwangaphakathi, ukwakha uhlalutyo lobukrelekrele kunye neqonga lesilumkiso kwangethuba lokuhlola imeko yesixhobo, ukufumana iingozi ezifihliweyo kwangethuba kunye nokuziphatha kwangaphambili.
Ukuze kuqondwe ulawulo olukrelekrele nolunzulu lomsebenzi womzi-mveliso wamandla, amagcisa kufuneka enze uphando kwisixhobo solawulo oluzenzekelayo okanye itekhnoloji enye yokusebenza engundoqo ngokwemigaqo yolawulo lwesixhobo kunye nokusebenza, ukuze kuqatshelwe ngokuzenzekela ngokupheleleyo kunye nokuvalwa kunye nokulawulwa komthwalo weyunithi ngaphandle kokungenelela kwabasebenzi, kunye nokuqonda ukulandelelana komsebenzi kunye nokuqinisekiswa kobukrelekrele obunamacala amaninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka; Ngokumalunga nokuhlolwa kwezixhobo, amagcisa anokwenza uphando lobugcisa kwimbono yombono womatshini, umbono wokuva umatshini, ukuhlolwa kwerobhothi kunye neminye imiba, kunye nokwenza ubugcisa bokutshintshwa koomatshini bokuhlola; Ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni okunzulu kwesikhululo samandla, kuyimfuneko ukwenza uphando kunye nokusebenza kwitekhnoloji yokubeka iliso kwindawo eyodwa yomntu omnye kunye nezityalo ezininzi ukusombulula ngokukuko ingxaki yokunqongophala kwabasebenzi emsebenzini okuziswe kuphuhliso lwezikhululo zamandla ezimpontshwayo.
Ukwenziwa kweminiaturization yokugcina impompo kunye nokusebenza okudityanisiweyo kokuncediswa kwamandla amaninzi okuziswa kukusetyenziswa kwenani elikhulu lemithombo emitsha esasazwayo yamandla. Into ephawulekayo yenkqubo entsha yamandla kukuba kukho inani elikhulu lamandla amatsha amancinci asasazwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zegridi, esebenza kwigridi ye-voltage ephantsi. Ukufunxa nokusebenzisa le mithombo yamandla isasaziweyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye kuthomalalise ngokusebenzayo ukuxinana kwamandla ombane omkhulu wothungelwano lwamandla, kuyimfuneko ukwakha iiyunithi zokugcina ezimponthiweyo ezisasaziweyo kufutshane nemithombo yamandla emitsha esasaziweyo ukuze kuqatshelwe ugcino lwendawo, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla amatsha ngokusebenzisa iigridi zamandla ombane aphantsi. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuxazulula iingxaki ze-miniaturization yokugcina impompo kunye nokusebenza okuhlangeneyo kokuzaliswa kwamandla amaninzi.
Kuyimfuneko ukuba iinjineli kunye neengcali ziqhube ngamandla uphando malunga nokukhethwa kwendawo, ukuyila kunye nokuvelisa, isicwangciso sokulawula kunye nokusetyenziswa okuhlanganisiweyo kweentlobo ezininzi zezikhululo zamandla ezipompeweyo ezisasazwayo, kubandakanywa iiyunithi ezincinci zokugcina ezibuyiselwayo ezibuyiselwayo, i-coaxial yokusebenza ngokuzimeleyo kweempompo kunye nee-turbines, ukusebenza ngokubambisana kwezikhululo ezincinci zamanzi kunye nezikhululo zepompo, njl. Ngelo xesha, uphando kunye nomboniso weprojekthi kwiteknoloji yokusebenza edibeneyo yokugcina impompo kunye nomoya, ukukhanya kunye nombane we-hydropower kuqhutyelwa ukucebisa izisombululo zobugcisa zokuhlola ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokusebenzisana kwezoqoqosho kwinkqubo entsha yamandla.
Ingxaki yobuchwephesha "yokuminxa" yeeyunithi zokugcina ezimpontshwayo eziguquguqukayo ezilungelelaniswe kwigridi yamandla eelastiki ephezulu. Isantya esiguquguqukayo sokugcinwa kweeyunithi zokugcinwa kwempompo zineempawu zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kulawulo lwamaxesha amaninzi, amandla okufakelwa okuhlengahlengiswayo phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza zempompo, kunye neyunithi esebenza kwi-curve efanelekileyo, kunye nokuphendula okubuhlungu kunye nomzuzu ophezulu we-inertia. Ukuze uthintele ngokufanelekileyo ukungahleleki kunye nokuguquguquka kwegridi yamandla, ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi ukulungelelanisa kwaye ufunxe amandla agqithileyo aveliswa ngamandla amatsha kwicala lesizukulwana kunye necala lomsebenzisi, kunye nokulawula ngcono ibhalansi yomthwalo wegridi yamandla enwebekayo kakhulu kunye nonxibelelwano lwamandla, kuyafuneka ukwandisa ubungakanani beeyunithi zesantya esiguqukayo kwigridi yamandla. Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku, ubuninzi beeteknoloji eziphambili zokupompoza kwamanzi okuguquguqukayo kunye neeyunithi zokugcina zisezandleni zabakhiqizi bangaphandle, kwaye ingxaki yezobugcisa "i-choke" kufuneka isonjululwe.
Ukuze kuqatshelwe ulawulo oluzimeleyo lwetekhnoloji engundoqo engundoqo, kuyimfuneko ukugxila kuphando lwezenzululwazi lwasekhaya kunye nemikhosi yobugcisa ukwenza ngokunzulu ukuyila kunye nophuhliso lweenjini zejeneretha eziguquguqukayo kunye nee-injini zempompo, uphuhliso lwamaqhinga olawulo kunye nezixhobo zokuguqula imincili ye-AC, uphuhliso lwezicwangciso-qhinga zolawulo olulungelelanisiweyo kunye nezixhobo zeeyunithi ezinesantya esiguquguqukayo, iyunithi yolawulo lwe-conversion yophando lweyunithi ye-conversion yophando inkqubo kunye nezicwangciso ezihlanganisiweyo zolawulo lweeyunithi zesantya esiguquguqukayo, Ukuqaphela uyilo olupheleleyo lwendawo kunye nokuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kobunjineli bokubonakaliswa kweeyunithi ezinkulu zesantya.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-09-2022
