ISebe leeNkonzo zoGutyulo kuRhulumente weNgingqi yoLawulo oluKhethekileyo lwaseHong Kong lizibophelele ekuncedeni ukuthomalalisa utshintsho lwemozulu yehlabathi. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, izixhobo zokonga umbane kunye nokuhlaziywa kwamandla ziye zafakwa kwezinye zezityalo zayo. Ngokuphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni kwe “Harbour Purification Plan Phase II” yaseHong Kong, iSebe leeNkonzo zoGutyulo lifake inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla ombane weinjini yolwelo lolwelo lwamanzi kwi-Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Plant (iziko logutyulo logutyulo logutyulo logutyulo likhulu eHong Kong), olusebenzisa amandla olwelo oluqukuqelayo lokuqukuqela ilindle ukuqhuba ijenereyitha yombane kwiplanti, emva koko isebenzise ijenereyitha yombane. Eli phepha lazisa inkqubo, kuquka imingeni ekuhlangatyezwane nayo ekuphunyezweni kweeprojekthi ezifanelekileyo, iingqwalasela kunye neempawu zoyilo lwenkqubo nolwakhiwo, kunye nokusebenza kokusebenza kwenkqubo. Inkqubo ayincedi kuphela ukugcina iindleko zombane, kodwa isebenzisa amanzi ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.
1 Intshayelelo yeprojekthi
Isigaba sesibini se-A "seSicwangciso sokucoca i-Harbour" sisicwangciso esikhulu esiphunyezwe nguRhulumente weNgingqi yoLawulo oluKhethekileyo lwaseHong Kong ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi we-Victoria Harbour. Yasetyenziswa ngokusemthethweni ngoDisemba 2015. Umsebenzi wayo uquka ukwakhiwa kwetonela enzulu yogutyulo olunobude obumalunga ne-21km kunye ne-163m ngaphantsi komhlaba, ukuthutha ilindle eliveliswe emantla nakumazantsi-ntshona esiqithi ukuya kwi-Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Plant, kunye nokwandisa umthamo wonyango lwe-lindle ye-lindle enikezela nge-245m30m30m35m35m35m35m35m3,ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zogutyulo. malunga nabemi abazizigidi ezi-5.7. Ngenxa yothintelo lomhlaba, iStonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Plant isebenzisa iiseti ezingama-46 zamatanki entlenga anedekhi ephindwe kabini kunyango oluphambili olwandiswe ngokwekhemikhali lwelindle, kwaye zonke iiseti ezimbini zetanki zentlenga ziyakwabelwana ngeshafti ethe nkqo (oko kukuthi, iishafti ezingama-23 zizonke) ukuthumela amanzi amdaka acociweyo kumbhobho wokuhambisa amanzi amdaka ongaphantsi komhlaba, umbhobho wokuhambisa amanzi omdaka ophantsi komhlaba.
2 Uphando lwakwangoko olufanelekileyo nophuhliso
Ngokujonga umthamo omkhulu wamanzi amdaka acocwa yiStonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Plant yonke imihla kunye noyilo olulodwa oluphindwe kabini lwetanki yentlenge, inokubonelela ngesixa esithile samandla okwenziwa ngolwelo xa ikhupha ilindle elicociweyo ukuqhuba ijenereyitha yeinjini yokuvelisa umbane. Iqela leSebe leeNkonzo zoGutyulo emva koko lenze uphando olufanelekileyo lokunokwenzeka ngo-2008 laze laqhuba uthotho lweemvavanyo zangaphandle. Iziphumo zolu phando lokuqala ziqinisekisa ukubanako ukufakela iijenereyitha zeinjini yomoya.
Indawo yokufakela: kwi-shaft ye-sedimentation tank; Uxinzelelo lwamanzi olusebenzayo: 4.5 ~ 6m (uyilo oluthile luxhomekeke kwiimeko zangempela zokusebenza kwixesha elizayo kunye nendawo echanekileyo ye-turbine); Uluhlu lokuhamba: 1.1 ～ 1.25 m3 / s; Amandla aphezulu okuvelisa: 45 ~ 50 kW; Izixhobo kunye nezixhobo: Ekubeni ugutyulo olucociweyo lusenokonakala okuthile, izinto ezikhethiweyo kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumeneyo kufuneka zibe nokhuseleko olwaneleyo kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola.
Ngokuphathelene noku, iSebe leeNkonzo zoGutyulo ligcine indawo yeeseti ezimbini zamatanki entlenga kwindawo yokucoca ugutyulo ukuze kufakwe inkqubo yokuvelisa umbane oqhutywa yiinjini yomoya kwiprojekthi yolwandiso “yeProjekthi yokuCocwa kweZibuko zesiGaba II”.
3 Iingqwalasela zoYilo lweNkqubo kunye neMiba
3.1 Amandla enziweyo kunye noxinzelelo lwamanzi olusebenzayo
Ubudlelwane phakathi kombane oveliswa ngamandla e-hydrodynamic kunye noxinzelelo lwamanzi olusebenzayo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: amandla ombane aveliswayo (kW)=[ubuninzi belindle elicociweyo ρ (kg/m3) × Isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi Q (m3/s) × Uxinzelelo lwamanzi olusebenzayo H (m) × Ubunzima obuguquguqukayo g (9.807 m/s10)0 ÷07 m/s2)0
× Ukusebenza kwenkqubo iyonke (%). Uxinzelelo lwamanzi olusebenzayo ngumahluko phakathi komgangatho ophezulu ovumelekileyo wamanzi we-shaft kunye nomgangatho wamanzi we-shaft esecaleni kumanzi ahambayo.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukuphakama kwesantya sokuhamba kunye noxinzelelo lwamanzi olusebenzayo, amandla amakhulu aveliswa. Ngoko ke, ukwenzela ukuvelisa amandla amaninzi, enye yeenjongo zokuyila kukuvumela inkqubo ye-injini yomoya ukuba ifumane isantya esiphezulu sokuhamba kwamanzi kunye noxinzelelo lwamanzi olusebenzayo.
3.2 Amanqaku aphambili oyilo lwesistim
Okokuqala, ngokoyilo, inkqubo yeinjini yomoya esanda kufakelwa kufuneka ingachaphazeli ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwendawo yokucoca ilindle kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Umzekelo, inkqubo kufuneka ibe nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela ukuthintela itanki yentlenge enyukayo ekuphuphumeni kogutyulo olucociweyo ngenxa yolawulo olungalunganga lwenkqubo. Iiparamitha ezisebenzayo ezichazwe ngexesha loyilo: izinga lokuhamba kwe-1.06 ～ 1.50m3 / s, uluhlu olusebenzayo loxinzelelo lwamanzi 24 ～ 52kPa.
Ukongeza, ekubeni ilindle elicocwe yitanki yentlenga isenazo izinto ezidlayo, ezifana ne-hydrogen sulfide kunye netyuwa, zonke izixhobo zecandelo le-iturbine ezidibene nogutyulo olucociweyo kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana nomhlwa (ezifana nezixhobo zetsimbi ephindwe kabini ezihlala zisetyenziselwa izixhobo zokucocwa kwelindle), ukuze kuphuculwe ukuqina kwenkqubo yolondolozo kunye nokunciphisa ukuqina kwenkqubo yokugcinwa kwenkunkuma.
Ngokumalunga noyilo lwenkqubo yamandla, ekubeni ukuveliswa kwamandla eijini yogutyulo akuzinzanga ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla iqhagamshelwe ngokuhambelana negridi yokugcina unikezelo lwamandla oluthembekileyo. Uqhagamshelo lwegridi luya kulungiselelwa ngokuhambelana nezikhokelo zobugcisa zoqhagamshelwano lwegridi ekhutshwe yinkampani yamandla kunye neSebe leeNkonzo zoMbane kunye nooMatshini loRhulumente weNgingqi yoLawulo oluKhethekileyo lwaseHong Kong.
Ngokumalunga nokuhlelwa kombhobho, ngaphezu kwezithintelo zesayithi ezikhoyo, isidingo sokugcinwa kwenkqubo kunye nokulungiswa kwakhona kuqwalaselwa. Ngokuphathelene noku, isicwangciso sokuqala sokufakela i-injini yomoya oqhutywa ngamanzi kwi-shaft yetanki yokulungisa ecetywayo kwiprojekthi ye-R&D sitshintshiwe. Kunoko, ukungcola okuhlanjululwayo kuholwa ngaphandle kwe-shaft ngomqala kwaye kuthunyelwe kwi-turbine ye-hydraulic turbine, enciphisa kakhulu ubunzima kunye nexesha lokugcinwa kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo ekusebenzeni okuqhelekileyo kwendawo yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka.
Kwimbono yokuba itanki yentlenga ngamanye amaxesha ifuna ukunqunyanyiswa ukuze ilungiswe, umqala we-injini yomoya uqhagamshelwe kwiishafti ezimbini zeeseti ezine zamatanki omgangatho ophindwe kabini wentlenga. Nokuba iiseti ezimbini zamatanki entlenga ziyayeka ukusebenza, ezinye iiseti ezimbini zeitanki zentlenga zinokubonelela ngamanzi amdaka acociweyo, aqhube inkqubo yeinjini yomoya, kwaye aqhubeke nokuvelisa umbane. Ukongeza, indawo igcinelwe kufutshane ne-shaft ye-47/49 # itanki yentlenga yokufakelwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa umbane we-hydraulic turbine yesibini kwixesha elizayo, ukuze xa iiseti ezine zamatanki entlenga zisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, iinkqubo ezimbini zokuvelisa amandla omoya weinjini zomoya ziyakwazi ukuvelisa amandla ngaxeshanye, ukufikelela kumthamo wamandla aphezulu.
3.3 Ukukhethwa kweinjini ye-hydraulic turbine kunye nejenereyitha
I-Hydraulic turbine sesona sixhobo siphambili kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla. Iiturbines zingohlulwa ngokubanzi zibe ngamacandelo amabini ngokomgaqo wokusebenza: uhlobo lwe-pulse kunye nohlobo lokusabela. Uhlobo lwempembelelo yeyokuba ulwelo ludubula kwincakuba yeinjini yomoya ngesantya esiphezulu ngemilomo emininzi, emva koko iqhube ijenereyitha ukuze ivelise amandla. Uhlobo lokusabela ludlula kwi-blade ye-iturbine kulwelo, kwaye isebenzisa inqanaba loxinzelelo lwamanzi ukuqhuba ijenereyitha ukuvelisa amandla. Kule uyilo, ngokusekelwe kwinto yokuba ugutyulo olucociweyo lunokubonelela ngoxinzelelo lwamanzi oluphantsi xa luhamba, i-Kaplan turbine, enye yeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokusabela, ikhethiwe, kuba le turbine inokusebenza okuphezulu kuxinzelelo lwamanzi aphantsi kwaye incinci, ifaneleke ngakumbi kwisithuba esilinganiselweyo kwisiza.
Ngokubhekiselele kwijenereyitha, ijenereyitha yemagnethi esisigxina eqhutywa sisantya esingaguqukiyo se hydraulic turbine ikhethiwe. Le jenereyitha inokukhupha amandla ombane azinzileyo kunye namaxesha amaninzi kunejenereyitha ye-asynchronous, ngoko inokuphucula umgangatho wobonelelo lwamandla, yenza igridi ehambelanayo ibe lula, kwaye ifune ukugcinwa okuncinci.
Iimpawu ezi-4 zoKwakha kunye nokusebenza
4.1 Ulungelelwaniso lwegridi ngokunxuseneyo
Uqhagamshelo lwegridi luya kwenziwa ngokuhambelana nezikhokelo zobugcisa zonxibelelwano lwegridi ekhutshwe yinkampani yamandla kunye neSebe leeNkonzo zoMbane kunye neMishini yeSebe loLawulo oluKhethekileyo lwaseHong Kong. Ngokwezikhokelo, inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla ahlaziyekayo kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngomsebenzi wokukhusela i-anti Islanding, enokwahlula ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla ahlaziyekayo kwinkqubo yokusasazwa xa igridi yamandla iyeka ukunika amandla nangasiphi na isizathu, ukuze inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla ahlaziyekayo ayinakuqhubeka nokubonelela umbane kwinkqubo yokuhambisa, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi bobunjineli bombane abasebenza kwigridi okanye inkqubo yokuhambisa.
Ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni ngolungelelwaniso lonikezelo lwamandla, inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nenkqubo yokusasaza inokudityaniswa kuphela xa amandla ombane, i-engile yesigaba okanye umahluko wefrikhwensi ulawulwa ngaphakathi kwemida eyamkelekileyo.
4.2 Ulawulo nokhuseleko
Inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-hydraulic turbine inokulawulwa kwimo ezenzekelayo okanye ye-manual. Kwimo ezenzekelayo, i-shafts ye-sedimentation tank 47/49 # okanye i-51/53 # ingasetyenziswa njengomthombo wamandla oxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic, kwaye inkqubo yokulawula iya kuqalisa iivalvu zolawulo ezahlukeneyo ngokwedatha engagqibekanga ukukhetha eyona itanki yentlenga ifanelekileyo, ukuze kunyuswe ukuveliswa kwamandla einjini ye-hydraulic. Ukongeza, ivalve yokulawula iya kulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo inqanaba logutyulo olunyukayo ukwenzela ukuba itanki yentlenga ingaphuphumali amanzi amdaka acociweyo, ngaloo ndlela inyusa ukuveliswa kwamandla ukuya kwelona nqanaba liphezulu. Inkqubo yejenereyitha ye-injini inokulawulwa kwigumbi lokulawula eliphambili okanye kwisiza.
Ngokokhuseleko kunye nolawulo, ukuba ibhokisi yonikezelo lwamandla okanye ivalve yolawulo lwenkqubo yeinjini yomoya iyasilela okanye inqanaba lamanzi lingaphezulu kowona mgangatho uphezulu wamanzi avumelekileyo, inkqubo yokuvelisa umbane weinjini yehydraulic nayo iyakumisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukusebenza kwaye ikhuphe amanzi amdaka acociweyo ngombhobho odlulayo, ukuze kuthintelwe itanki yentlenge enyuka umsinga ekuphuphumeni ilindle elicociweyo ngenxa yokusilela kwenkqubo.
5 Ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokusebenza
Le nkqubo yokuvelisa amandla eijini ye-hydraulic yafakwa ekusebenzeni ekupheleni kuka-2018, kunye ne-avareji yemveliso yenyanga engaphezu kwe-10000 kW · h. Uxinzelelo lwamanzi olusebenzayo olunokuqhuba inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla eijini yomoya osebenza ngoxinzelelo loxinzelelo olukhulu nalo luyatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yokuhamba okuphezulu nokuphantsi kwamanzi amdaka aqokelelwa aze acocwe ziziko lokucocwa kogutyulo yonke imihla. Ukuze kwandiswe amandla enziwe yi-injini ye-injini, iSebe leeNkonzo zokuThuthwa kweMijelo lenze inkqubo yokulawula ukulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo i-torque yokusebenza kwe-injini ye-injini ye-injini ye-turbine ngokuhamba kwe-lindle yemihla ngemihla, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yamandla. Umzobo 7 ubonisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi. Xa ukuhamba kwamanzi kudlula inqanaba elimiselweyo, inkqubo iya kusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo ukuvelisa umbane.
Imingeni emi-6 kunye nezisombululo
ISebe leeNkonzo zoGutyulo lijongene nemingeni emininzi ekuqhubeni iiprojekthi ezifanelekileyo, kwaye lenze izicwangciso ezihambelanayo ukuphendula le mingeni,
7 Umqukumbelo
Nangona imingeni eyahlukahlukeneyo, le setethi yenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla ombane we-hydraulic turbine yafakwa ngempumelelo ekupheleni kwe-2018. Umyinge wokukhutshwa kwamandla enyanga yenkqubo ngaphezu kwe-10000 kW · h, elingana nomyinge wokusetyenziswa kwamandla enyanga malunga ne-25 yezindlu zaseHong Kong (umyinge wokusetyenziswa kwamandla enyanga nganye yendlu nganye yaseHong Kong kwi-2010k 2018) . ISebe leeNkonzo zokuThuthwa kweMithombo lizibophelele "ekunikeni umgangatho wehlabathi wamanzi amdaka kunye nokucoca amanzi emvula kunye neenkonzo zokuhambisa amanzi ukuze kukhuthazwe uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwaseHong Kong", ngelixa likhuthaza ukukhuselwa kwendalo kunye neeprojekthi zokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, iSebe leeNkonzo zoGutyulo lisebenzisa i-biogas, amandla elanga kunye namandla aphuma kumbhobho wogutyulo olucociweyo ukwenza amandla ahlaziyekayo. Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, umyinge wamandla ahlaziyekayo wonyaka aveliswa liSebe leeNkonzo zoGutyulo malunga nezigidi ezingama-27 kW · h, ezinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zamandla malunga ne-9% yeSebe leeNkonzo zoGutyulo. ISebe leeNkonzo zoGutyulo liza kuqhubeka neenzame zalo zokuqinisa nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-22-2022
