Gubha i-iturbine yamanzi ngamandla anokubakho okanye amandla e-kinetic, kwaye i-iturbine yamanzi iqalisa ukujikeleza. Ukuba sidibanisa i-generator kwi-injini yamanzi, i-generator inokuqalisa ukuvelisa umbane. Ukuba sinyusa umgangatho wamanzi ukugungxula i-injini yomoya, isantya seinjini yomoya siya kunyuka. Ke ngoko, ukuba mkhulu umahluko wenqanaba lamanzi, kokukhona amandla ekinetic afunyenwe yiinjini yomoya ephakama, kwaye kokukhona ephakama amandla ombane aguqukayo. Lo ngumgaqo osisiseko wombane.
Inkqubo yoguqulo lwamandla yile: amandla omxhuzulane anokubakho kumanzi angasentla aguqulwa abe ngamandla ekinetic okuhamba kwamanzi. Xa amanzi ehamba kwi-injini yomoya, amandla e-kinetic akhutshelwa kwi-iturbine, kwaye i-injini yomoya iqhubela ijenereyitha ukuba ijike amandla e-kinetic abe ngamandla ombane. Ngoko ke, yinkqubo yokuguqula amandla omatshini kumandla ombane.
Ngenxa yeemeko ezahlukeneyo zendalo zezikhululo zombane wamanzi, umthamo kunye nesantya seeyunithi ze-hydro generator zahluka kakhulu. Ngokubanzi, iijenereyitha ze-hydro ezincinci kunye neejenereyitha ze-hydro ezinesantya esiphezulu eziqhutywa ziiinjini ze-impulse ubukhulu becala zamkela izakhiwo ezithe tye, ngelixa iijenereyitha ezinkulu neziphakathi zesantya zisebenzisa izinto ezithe nkqo. Ekubeni uninzi lwezikhululo zombane wamanzi zikude nezixeko, ngokuqhelekileyo zifuna ukubonelela amandla kwimithwalo ngokusebenzisa imigca yokuhambisa ixesha elide, ngoko ke, inkqubo yamandla ibeka phambili iimfuno eziphezulu zokuzinza kokusebenza kweejeneretha ze-hydro: iiparamitha zemoto kufuneka zikhethwe ngokucophelela; Iimfuno zomzuzu we-inertia ye-rotor zikhulu. Ke ngoko, inkangeleko yejenereyitha ye-hydro yahlukile kuleyo yejenereyitha ye-injini yomphunga. Ububanzi bayo be-rotor bukhulu kwaye ubude bayo bufutshane. Ixesha elifunekayo lokuqalisa kunye noqhagamshelo lwegridi yeeyunithi ze-hydro generator lifutshane, kwaye ukuhanjiswa komsebenzi kuyaguquguquka. Ukongeza kwimveliso yombane ngokubanzi, ilungele ngokukodwa iiyunithi zokucheba eziphakamileyo kunye neeyunithi zokulinda ezingxamisekileyo. Umthamo omkhulu weeyunithi zejenereyitha ye-iturbine yamanzi ufikelele kwi-700000 kilowatts.
Ngokubhekiselele kumgaqo wejenereyitha, i-physics yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo icace kakhulu, kwaye umgaqo wayo wokusebenza usekelwe kumthetho wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic kunye nomthetho we-electromagnetic force. Ke ngoko, umgaqo jikelele wolwakhiwo lwayo kukusebenzisa i-electromagnetic conductivity efanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo eziqhubayo ukwenza isekethe yamagnetic kunye nesekethe ye-electromagnetic induction ukuvelisa amandla ombane kunye nokufezekisa injongo yokuguqulwa kwamandla.
Ijenereyitha yeinjini yamanzi iqhutywa yiinjini yamanzi. I-rotor yayo imfutshane kwaye inzima, ixesha elifunekayo lokuqalisa iyunithi kunye noqhagamshelwano lwegridi lifutshane, kwaye ukuthunyelwa komsebenzi kuyaguquguquka. Ukongeza kwimveliso yombane ngokubanzi, ilungele ngokukodwa iyunithi yokutsheva encotsheni kunye neyunithi yokulinda kaxakeka. Awona mandla aphezulu eeyunithi zejenereyitha yeinjini yamanzi afikelele kuma-800000 eekhilowathi.
Ijenereyitha ye-diesel iqhutywa yi-injini yokutsha yangaphakathi. Iyakhawuleza ukuqalisa kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa ixabiso layo lokuvelisa amandla liphezulu. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu njengamandla okuxhasa ixesha likaxakeka, okanye kwiindawo apho igridi yombane enkulu ingafikeleliyo kunye nezikhululo zamandla ezihambayo. Umthamo uvela kwiikilowatts ezininzi ukuya kwiikilowatts ezininzi. Imveliso yetorque kwishafu ye-injini ye-diesel ixhomekeke ekubetheni ngamaxesha athile, ngoko ke iingozi ze-resonance kunye ne-shaft breakage kufuneka zithintelwe.
Isantya sejenereyitha ye-hydro siya kugqiba ukuphindaphinda kwe-alternating current eyenziwe. Ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesi sihlandlo, isantya se-rotor kufuneka sizinze. Ukuze uzinzise isantya, isantya se-prime mover (i-turbine yamanzi) sinokulawulwa kwindlela yokulawula i-loop evaliweyo. Isiginali yombane we-AC oza kuthunyelwa ngaphandle ithathwa iisampulu kwaye iphinde inikwe umva kwinkqubo yolawulo elawula i-engile yokuvula kunye nokuvala i-vane yesikhokelo se-iturbine yamanzi ukulawula amandla emveliso yeinjini yamanzi. Ngomgaqo wokulawula impendulo, isantya sejeneretha sinokuzinziswa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-08-2022
