I-iturbine yamanzi ngumatshini wamandla oguqula amandla okuhamba kwamanzi abe kumandla oomatshini abajikelezayo. Yeyoomatshini bomatshini bomatshini bolwelo. Ekuqaleni kwe-100 BC, i-rudiment ye-turbine yamanzi - i-turbine yamanzi yabonakala e-China, eyayisetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokuqhuba izixhobo zokulungisa ukutya okuziinkozo. Uninzi lwee turbines zale mihla zifakelwe kwizikhululo zombane oqhutywa ngamanzi ukuze kuqhutywe iijenereyitha zokuvelisa umbane. Kwisikhululo sombane wamanzi, amanzi akwidama elinyukayo akhokelela kwi-injini ye-hydraulic ngokusebenzisa umbhobho we-headrace ukuqhuba i-injini ye-injini ukuba ijikeleze kwaye iqhube ijenereyitha ukuvelisa umbane. Amanzi agqityiweyo akhutshelwa kumlambo osezantsi ngombhobho wetailrace. Okukhona iphezulu intloko yamanzi kunye nokukhupha okukhulu, kokukhona amandla aphumayo einjini yomoya oqhutywa ngamanzi.
Iyunithi ye-tubular turbine kwisikhululo se-hydropower inengxaki ye-cavitation kwi-runner room ye-turbine, eyona nto yenza i-cavitation ngobubanzi be-200mm kunye nobunzulu be-1-6mm kwigumbi lokugijima kwindawo yokungena kwamanzi kunye nokuphuma kwe-blade efanayo, ebonisa amabhande e-cavitation kuwo wonke umjikelezo. Ngokukodwa, i-cavitation kwindawo ephezulu yegumbi lomgijimi ivelele ngakumbi, ngobunzulu be-10-20mm. Izizathu ze-cavitation kwigumbi lokubaleka le turbine zihlalutywa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Umgijimi kunye ne-blade yesikhululo sombane we-hydropower zenziwe ngensimbi engenasici, kwaye izinto eziphambili zegumbi lokugijima yi-Q235. Ukuqina kwayo kunye nokuchasana kwe-cavitation akubi. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwamandla okugcina amanzi kwi-reservoir, i-reservoir isebenze kwi-ultra-high-design head ixesha elide, kwaye inani elikhulu leebhubhu zomphunga libonakala kumanzi omsila. Ngethuba lokusebenza, amanzi ahamba kwi-injini ye-hydraulic kwindawo apho uxinzelelo luphantsi kunoxinzelelo lwe-vaporization. Amanzi adlula kwi-gap ye-blade vaporizes kwaye abilise ukuvelisa amaqamza umphunga, ukuvelisa uxinzelelo lwempembelelo yendawo, kubangela impembelelo yexesha kwintsimbi kunye noxinzelelo lwesando samanzi, okubangela imithwalo yempembelelo ephindaphindiweyo kumphezulu wesinyithi, okwenza umonakalo wezinto eziphathekayo, Ngenxa yoko, i-crystal cavitation yentsimbi iyawa. I-cavitation iyenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwi-runner chamber kwi-inlet kunye ne-outlet ye-blade efanayo. Ngoko ke, phantsi kokusebenza kwentloko yamanzi e-ultra-high ixesha elide, i-cavitation iyenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye iyaqhubeka inzulu.
Ijolise kwingxaki ye-cavitation yegumbi lokugijima i-turbine, isikhululo sombane salungiswa ngokulungiswa kwe-welding ekuqaleni, kodwa ingxaki enkulu ye-cavitation yafunyanwa kwakhona kwigumbi lokugijima ngexesha lokugcinwa kamva. Kule meko, umntu ophethe ishishini uqhagamshelane nathi kwaye sinethemba lokuba sinokunceda ukusombulula ingxaki ye-cavitation yegumbi lomgijimi we-turbine. Iinjineli zethu ziphuhlise isicwangciso sogcino ekujoliswe kulo ngokusekwe kuhlalutyo olunzulu lwezixhobo zeshishini. Ngelixa siqinisekisa ubungakanani bokulungisa, sikhethe izixhobo ze-carbon nano polymer ngokwendawo yokusebenza yezixhobo zokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza kwexesha elide phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza kwindawo. Amanyathelo okulungisa kwindawo ami ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Ukuqhuba unyango lwe-surface degreasing kwiindawo ze-cavitation ze-turbine runnner room;
2. Ukususwa komhlwa ngokuqhushumba kwesanti;
3. Hlanganisa izinto ze-polymer ze-Sorecun nano kwaye uyisebenzise kwicandelo eliza kulungiswa;
4. Ukuqinisa izinto eziphathekayo kwaye ukhangele indawo yokulungisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-14-2022
