Ibhedi yovavanyo lwemodeli ye-hydraulic turbine idlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lobuchwepheshe bombane wamanzi. Sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuphucula umgangatho weemveliso zombane wamanzi kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kweeyunithi. Ukuveliswa kwayo nayiphi na imbaleki, umgijimi wemodeli kufuneka aphuhliswe kuqala, kwaye imodeli inokuvavanywa ngokulinganisa imitha yentloko yesikhululo samandla ombane kwi-high head hydraulic machine test bench. Ukuba yonke idatha ihlangabezana neemfuno zomsebenzisi, umgijimi unokuveliswa ngokusemthethweni. Ngoko ke, abanye abavelisi bezixhobo ze-hydropower abaziwayo kumazwe angaphandle baneebhentshi ezininzi zovavanyo lwentloko ephezulu ezihlangabezana neemfuno zemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, njengeebhentshi zovavanyo ezintlanu eziphambili ze-nyrpic yenkampani yaseFransi; I-Hitachi kunye ne-Toshiba nganye inemigangatho yovavanyo emihlanu enentloko yamanzi ngaphezu kwe-50m. Ngokweemfuno zemveliso, iziko elikhulu lophando lomatshini wombane liye laqulunqa ibhentshi yokuvavanya intloko yamanzi aphezulu kunye nemisebenzi epheleleyo kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu, okunokuthi kuqhube iimvavanyo zemodeli kwi-tubular, flow flowing, flow axial kunye noomatshini be-hydraulic abaguqukayo ngokulandelanayo. Intloko yamanzi inokufikelela kwi-150m. Ibhentshi yokuvavanya inokulungelelanisa novavanyo lwemodeli yeeyunithi ezithe nkqo kunye nezithe tye. Ibhentshi yokuvavanya yenzelwe kunye nezikhululo ezibini ze-a kunye ne-B. xa isikhululo sisebenza, isitishi B sifakwe, esinokunciphisa umjikelo wovavanyo. A. B izikhululo ezibini zabelana ngeseti enye yenkqubo yokulawula umbane kunye nenkqubo yovavanyo. Inkqubo yokulawula umbane ithatha i-PROFIBUS njengengundoqo, i-NAIS fp10sh PLC njengomlawuli oyintloko, kunye ne-IPC (ikhompyutha yokulawula imboni) iqonda ulawulo oluphakathi. Inkqubo ithatha iteknoloji yebhasi yentsimi ukuqaphela imowudi yokulawula idijithali epheleleyo, eqinisekisa ukuthembeka, ukhuseleko kunye nokugcinwa lula kwenkqubo. Yinkqubo yovavanyo lomatshini wehydraulic kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lokuzenzekela eTshayina. Ukuqulunqwa kwenkqubo yolawulo
Ibhentshi yokuvavanya intloko yamanzi aphezulu iqulethwe ngama-motor amabini epompo kunye namandla afakwe kwi-550KW kunye nesantya sokujikeleza kwe-250-1100r / min ukukhawulezisa ukuhamba kwamanzi kumbhobho ukuya kumitha yentloko yamanzi efunwa ngumsebenzisi kunye nokugcina intloko yamanzi ihamba kakuhle. Iiparamitha zomgijimi zibekwe esweni yi-dynamometer. Amandla ombane we-dynamometer yi-500kW, kwaye isantya sokujikeleza siphakathi kwe-300 kunye ne-2300r / min. kukho i-dynamometer enye kwisikhululo a kunye nesikhululo B. Umgaqo-siseko webhentshi yokuvavanya umatshini we-hydraulic ephezulu uboniswe kumfanekiso 1. Inkqubo idinga ukuba ukuchaneka kokulawulwa kweemoto kungaphantsi kwe-0.5%, kwaye ixesha eliphakathi phakathi kokungaphumeleli (MTTF) likhulu kuneeyure ze-5000. Emva kophando oluninzi, inkqubo yolawulo lwesantya yeDCS500 ikhethiwe. I-DCS500 inokufumana imiyalelo yokulawula ngeendlela ezimbini, enye kukufumana iimpawu ze-4-20mA ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesantya; Enye kukongeza imodyuli yePROFIBUS DP ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yesantya ngokufumana imo yedijithali. Indlela yokuqala ilula kwaye ingabizi, kodwa iya kuphazamiseka kwi-transmission yangoku, echaphazela ukuchaneka kolawulo; Nangona imodi yesibini iyabiza, inokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwedatha kwinkqubo yokuhambisa kunye nokulawula ukuchaneka. Ke ngoko, inkqubo isebenzisa ezine DCS500 ukulawula iidynamometers ezimbini kunye neemotor impompo yamanzi ezimbini ngokulandelelanayo. NjengePROFIBUS DP isikhululo samakhoboka, ezi zixhobo zine zinxibelelana ne-master station PLC kwimowudi yobukhoboka. I-PLC ilawula ukuqala / ukumisa i-dynamometer kunye ne-motor yepompo, ihambisa isantya semoto ukuya kwi-DCS500 nge-PROFIBUS DP, kwaye ifumana imo yokuqhuba imoto kunye neeparamitha ukusuka kwi-DCS500, kwaye idlulisele kwi-IPC ephezulu nge-PROFIBUS FMS ukuqonda ixesha lokwenene lokubeka iliso.
I-PLC ikhetha imodyuli ye-afp37911 eveliswe yi-NAIS Yurophu njengesikhululo esikhulu, esixhasa iiprotocol ze-FMS kunye ne-DP ngexesha elifanayo. Le modyuli sisikhululo esiphambili se-FMS kwaye inxibelelana ne-IPC kunye nenkqubo yokufumana idatha kwimowudi yomphathi; Ikwayi-DP master station, eqonda unxibelelwano lwe-master-slave kunye ne-DCS500.
Inkqubo yokufumana idatha ithatha iteknoloji yebhasi ye-VXI ukuqokelela iiparameters ezahlukeneyo ze-dynamometer kwaye ibonise kwisikrini esikhulu, kwaye ifom * * * isiphumo kwiitheyibhile kunye neegrafu (le nxalenye igcwaliswa ngezinye iinkampani). I-IPC inxibelelana nenkqubo yokufumana idatha ngeFMS. Ukubunjwa kwenkqubo yonke kuboniswe kwi-Fig.
I-1.1 i-fieldbus I-PROFIBUS PROFIBUS ngumgangatho ophuhliswe ziinkampani ze-13 ezifana ne-Siemens kunye ne-AEC kunye ne-5 amaziko ophando lwezenzululwazi kwiprojekthi yophuhliso edibeneyo. Idweliswe kumgangatho waseYurophu en50170 kwaye yenye yemigangatho ecetyiswayo ye-fieldbus yeshishini eTshayina. Ibandakanya ezi fomu zilandelayo:
I-PROFIBUS FMS isombulula imisebenzi yonxibelelwano ngokubanzi kwinqanaba lendibano yocweyo ▄ ibonelela ngeenkonzo ezininzi zonxibelelwano ▄ igqibezela imisetyenzana yonxibelelwano lomjikelo kunye nolungekho umjikelo ngesantya esiphakathi sothumelo. Imodyuli yeProfibus yeNAIS ixhasa * * * izinga lonxibelelwano lwe-1.2mbps kwaye ayixhasi imowudi yonxibelelwano ye-cyclic inokusebenzisa kuphela i-MMA non-cyclic data transmission master connection unxibelelwano kunye nezinye izikhululo ze-FMS kwaye le modyuli ayihambelani ne-PROFIBUS FMS ye-PROFIBUS FMS Ugqithiso lwedatha olungenamjikelezo ▄ uxhulumaniso olukhulu ▄ unxibelelwano kunye nezinye izikhululo eziphambili ze-FMS
·PROFIBUS PA umgangatho wetekhnoloji yothumelo ekhuselekileyo ngaphakathi eyilelwe ngokukodwa inkqubo yokuzenzekela ▄ iqonda iprothokholi yonxibelelwano ecaciswe ku-IEc1158-2 ▄ kwaye isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokhuseleko kunye nezikhululo eziqhutywa yibhasi. Uthungelwano olusetyenziswa kwinkqubo lubhedu olukhuselweyo olujijekileyo ▄ inkqubo yonxibelelwano yiRS485 ▄ kwaye isantya sonxibelelwano yi-500kbps. Ukusetyenziswa kwebhasi yentsimi yoshishino kunika isiqinisekiso sokhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo.
1.2 IPC ikhompyutha yokulawula ishishini
Ikhomputha yolawulo lwemizi-mveliso ephezulu yamkela i-Advantech ikhompyutha yolawulo lwemizi-mveliso yaseTaiwan iqhuba iifestile NT4.0 isistishi sokusebenza yamkela iWinCC yesoftware yoqwalaselo lweshishini lweSiemens isikrini esikhulu sibonisa iimeko zokusebenza kunye nolwazi locaphulo lwenkqubo, kwaye lubonisa ngegraphical ukuhamba kwemibhobho kunye neemeko zokuthintela. Zonke iinkcukacha zihanjiswa yi-PLC nge-PROFIBUS. I-IPC ifakwe ngaphakathi ngekhadi lenethiwekhi ye-profiboard eveliswe yinkampani yaseJamani yokuthambisa, eyenzelwe ngokukodwa i-PROFIBUS. Ngokusebenzisa isoftware yoqwalaselo olubonelelwa ngokuthambisa, uthungelwano lunokugqityezelwa, unxibelelwano lonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi Cr (ubudlelwane bonxibelelwano) lunokusekwa, kunye nesichazi-magama sento iOD (isichazi-magama sento) inokusekwa. I-WINCC iveliswa nguSiemens. Ixhasa kuphela uxhulumaniso oluthe ngqo kunye ne-S5 / S7 PLC yenkampani, kwaye inokunxibelelana kuphela nenye i-PLC ngeteknoloji ye-DDE ebonelelwa ngeefestile. Inkampani yeSoftware ibonelela ngesoftware yeseva ye-DDE ukuqonda unxibelelwano lwePROFIBUS kunye neWinCC.
I-PLC
I-Fp10sh yenkampani ye-NAIS ikhethwe njenge-PLC.
(2) umsebenzi wenkqubo yokulawula
Ukongeza ekulawuleni iimotor ezimbini zempompo yamanzi kunye ne-dynamometers ezimbini, inkqubo yokulawula ifuna ukulawula iivalve zombane ezingama-28, ii-motor ze-4 zobunzima, ii-motor ze-oyile eziyi-8, ii-motor ezi-3 zempompo, ii-motor ezi-4 zokukhupha i-oyile kunye ne-2 yokuthambisa i-solenoid valves. Indlela yokuhamba kwamanzi ilawulwa sisitshixo sevalvu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zovavanyo lwabasebenzisi.
2.1 intloko eqhubekayo Lungisa isantya sokujikeleza kwempompo yamanzi: yenza ukuba izinzile kwixabiso elithile, kunye nentloko yamanzi ihlala rhoqo ngeli xesha; Lungisa isantya se-dynamometer kwixabiso elithile. Emva kokuba imeko yokusebenza izinzile kwi-2-4 imizuzu, qokelela idatha efanelekileyo. Ngethuba lovavanyo, kuyafuneka ukugcina intloko yamanzi ingatshintshi. Idisk yekhowudi ifakwe kwi-motor yepompo ukuqokelela isantya semoto, ukwenzela ukuba i-DCS500 yenze ulawulo oluvaliweyo. Isantya sempompo yamanzi sifakwe yi-IPC keyboard.
2.2 isantya esingaguqukiyo
Lungisa isantya se-dynamometer ukuze uzinze kwixabiso elithile, kwaye isantya se-dynamometer sihlala sihlala; Lungisa isantya sempompo kwixabiso elithile (oko kukuthi lungisa intloko), kwaye uqokelele idatha efanelekileyo emva kokuba imeko yokusebenza izinzile kwi-2-4 imizuzu. I-DCS500 yenza i-loop evaliweyo yesantya se-dynamometer ukuzinzisa isantya se-dynamometer.
2.3 Uvavanyo lokubaleka
Lungisa isantya se-dynamometer kwixabiso elithile kwaye ugcine isantya se-dynamometer singatshintshi lungisa isantya sempompo yamanzi ukwenzela ukuba i-torque ephumayo ye-dynamometer ibe malunga ne-zero (phantsi kwale meko yokusebenza, i-dynamometer isebenza kwimveliso yombane kunye nokusebenza kombane), kwaye uqokelele idatha efanelekileyo. Ngexesha lovavanyo, isantya sempompo yempompo siyafuneka ukuba siqhubeke kwaye silawulwe yi-DCS500.
2.4 ulungelelwaniso lokuhamba
Inkqubo ixhotyiswe ngamatanki amabini okulungisa ukuqukuqela ukulinganisa iimitha zokuhamba kwisistim. Ngaphambi kokulungelelaniswa, jonga kuqala ixabiso lokuhamba eliphawulweyo, emva koko uqalise i-motor yempompo yamanzi, kwaye ngokuqhubekayo ulungelelanise isantya sokujikeleza semoto yempompo yamanzi. Ngeli xesha, nikela ingqalelo kwixabiso lokuhamba. Xa ixabiso lokuhamba lifikelela kwixabiso elifunekayo, yenza i-motor yepompo yamanzi izinzile kwisantya sokujikeleza kwangoku (ngalo xesha, amanzi ajikeleza kumbhobho wokulinganisa). Cwangcisa ixesha lokutshintsha kwe-deflector. Emva kokuba imeko yokusebenza izinzile, vula i-valve ye-solenoid kwaye uqale ixesha. Ngexesha elifanayo, tshintshela amanzi kumbhobho kwi-tank yokulinganisa. Xa ixesha lexesha liphelile, ivalve ye-solenoid iyanqanyulwa. Ngeli xesha, amanzi atshintshelwa kumbhobho wokulinganisa, kwaye isantya sokujikeleza semoto yempompo yamanzi siyancitshiswa ukuzinza kwisantya esithile. Funda idatha efanelekileyo. Emva koko khupha amanzi kwaye ulungelelanise inqaku elilandelayo.
2.5 Ukutshintsha okuzenzekelayo okungaphazanyiswa
Ukuze kube lula ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwenkqubo, ikhibhodi ye-manual yenzelwe inkqubo. Umsebenzisi unokulawula intshukumo yevalve ethile ngokuzimeleyo ngebhodi yezitshixo ngaphandle kokunyanzelwa kukudityaniswa. Inkqubo ithatha imodyuli ye-NAIS ekude ye-I / O, enokwenza ukuba ikhibhodi isebenze kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ngexesha lokutshintsha kwe-manual / ngokuzenzekelayo, isimo se-valve sihlala singatshintshi.
Inkqubo ithatha i-PLC njengomlawuli oyintloko, eyenza inkqubo ibe lula kwaye iqinisekise ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokugcinwa kwenkqubo; I-PROFIBUS iqonda ukuhanjiswa kwedatha epheleleyo, inqanda ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, kwaye yenza inkqubo ihlangabezane neemfuno zokuchaneka koyilo; Ukwabelana ngedatha phakathi kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kuyenziwa; Ukuguquguquka kwe-PROFIBUS kubonelela ngeemeko ezifanelekileyo zokwandiswa kwenkqubo. Iskimu soyilo lwenkqubo esekelwe kwibhasi yentsimi yoshishino iya kuba yeyona nto iphambili kwisicelo semizi-mveliso.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-24-2022
