Ukusebenzisa amandla ombane aqukuqelayo ukuvelisa umbane kubizwa ngokuba yi-hydropower.
Ubunzima bamanzi busetyenziselwa ukujikeleza iiturbine, ezijika iimagnethi kwiijenereyitha ezijikelezayo ukuvelisa umbane, kwaye amandla amanzi akwahlulwa njengomthombo wamandla ahlaziyekayo. Yenye yezona teknoloji zokuvelisa umbane ezindala, ezingabizi kakhulu nezilula.
Amandla ombane ahlulwe ngokubanzi abe ngamacandelo amane: aqhelekileyo (amadama), indawo yokugcina amanzi empompiweyo, umlambo kunye nolwandle (ulwandle). Amandla ombane aphakathi kwemithombo emithathu ephezulu yombane emhlabeni, eminye emibini kukutshiswa kwamafutha e-fossil kunye nenyukliya. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, athatha isiqingatha sesithandathu sokuveliswa kombane kwihlabathi liphela.
Iingenelo zombane wamanzi
Ikhuselekile kwaye icocekile – Ngokungafaniyo neminye imithombo yamandla efana namafutha efosili, icocekile kwaye iluhlaza njenge-biomass yenyukliya. Ezi zityalo zamandla azisebenzisi okanye azikhuphi amafutha kwaye ngenxa yoko azikhuphi naziphi na iigesi zegreenhouse.
Ihlaziywa – Ithathwa njengomthombo wamandla avuselelekayo kuba isebenzisa amanzi omhlaba ukuvelisa umbane. Amanzi aphinda asetyenziswe abuyele emhlabeni ngendlela yawo yendalo ngaphandle kongcoliseko. Awapheli ngenxa yomjikelo wamanzi wendalo.
Ixabiso Eliphantsi – Nangona iindleko zokwakha zinkulu, umbane wamanzi ngumthombo wamandla okhuphisanayo ngeendleko kuba iindleko zokugcina nokugcina ziphantsi kakhulu.
Umthombo oguquguqukayo – Lo ngumthombo oguquguqukayo wombane njengoko ezi zityalo zamandla zinokukhula ngokukhawuleza ngokusekwe kwimfuno yamandla. Ixesha lokuqalisa i-hydro turbine lincinci kakhulu kunelo lomphunga okanye i-gas turbine.
Ezinye iindlela zokusetyenziswa – La manzi angasetyenziselwa ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokufuya iintlanzi ngenxa yamachibi amakhulu adalwe ziiprojekthi zamandla ombane. Ichibi elenziwe ngasemva kwedama lingasetyenziselwa iinjongo ezifana nemidlalo yasemanzini kunye nemisebenzi yokuzonwabisa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba libe yindawo yokutsala abakhenkethi enokungenisa imali.
Iingxaki zombane wamanzi
Iindleko ezinkulu kakhulu – Ezi zikhululo zombane kunye namadama ngamanye amaxesha zibiza kakhulu. Iindleko zokwakha ziphezulu kakhulu.
Umngcipheko wokwaphuka – Amadama avala amanzi amaninzi ngenxa yezikhukula, iintlekele zemvelo, umonakalo ebantwini, umgangatho wolwakhiwo, kwaye anokuba nemiphumo emibi kwiindawo ezisezantsi komlambo kunye neziseko zophuhliso. Ukwaphuka okunjalo kunokuchaphazela umbane kunye nezityalo nezilwanyana, kwaye kunokubangela ilahleko enkulu kunye neengozi.
Umonakalo wenkqubo yendalo – Amadama amakhulu abangela ukugcwala okukhulu kwamanzi phezulu kwamadama, ngamanye amaxesha atshabalalisa iindawo ezisezantsi, amahlathi asezintlanjeni kunye neendawo ezinengca. Kwangaxeshanye, kuya kuchaphazela nenkqubo yendalo yasemanzini ejikeleze isityalo. Impembelelo entle kwiintlanzi, iintaka zasemanzini nakwezinye izilwanyana.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-04-2022
