Ngaphambili siveze ukuba i-hydraulic turbine yahlulwe yaba yi-impact turbine kunye ne-impact turbine. Uhlu kunye nokuphakama kweentloko ezifanelekileyo zee-impact turbines nazo zavezwa ngaphambili. Ii-impact turbines zinokwahlulwa zibe: ii-bucket turbines, ii-oblique impact turbines kunye nee-double-click turbines, eziza kwaziswa ngezantsi.
I-runner ye-impingement turbine isoloko isemoyeni, kwaye ukuhamba kwamanzi okuxinzezeleka okuphezulu okuvela kwi-penstock kuguqulwe kwaba yi-high-speed free jet ngaphambi kokuba kungene kwi-turbine. utshintsho, ukuze uninzi lwamandla ayo e-kinetic adluliselwe kwii-vanes, eqhuba i-runner ukuba ijikeleze. Ngexesha lonke lenkqubo ye-jet ethintela i-impeller, uxinzelelo olukwi-jet alutshintshi ngokusisiseko, olumalunga noxinzelelo lomoya.
I-turbine yebhakethi: eyaziwa ngokuba yi-shearing turbine, njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso. I-jet ekhawulezayo engenasantya esiphezulu evela kwi-nozzle ibetha ii-vanes ngokuthe nkqo kwicala elithe tyaba le-runner circumference. Olu hlobo lwe-turbine lufanelekile kwizikhululo zamandla e-hydropower ezinentloko ephezulu kunye nokuhamba okuncinci, ingakumbi xa intloko idlula i-400m, ngenxa yokunqongophala kwamandla olwakhiwo kunye ne-cavitation, i-turbine ye-Francis ayifanelekanga, kwaye i-turbine yohlobo lwebhakethi isetyenziswa rhoqo. Intloko yamanzi esetyenzisiweyo ye-turbine yebhakethi enkulu imalunga ne-300-1700m, kwaye intloko yamanzi esetyenzisiweyo ye-turbine encinci yebhakethi imalunga ne-40-250m. Okwangoku, intloko ephezulu ye-turbine yebhakethi isetyenziswe kwi-1767m (i-Austria Lesek Power Station), kwaye intloko yoyilo ye-turbine yebhakethi ye-Tianhu Hydropower Station kwilizwe lam yi-1022.4m.
Uhlobo lwe-turbine oluthambekileyo
Ijethi ekhululekileyo evela kwi-nozzle ingena kwi-vane isuka kwelinye icala lomgijimi ize iphume kwi-vane isuka kwelinye icala kwicala elikwi-engile ukuya kwindawo ejikeleziswa yi-runner. Xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo lwebhakethi, ukugcwala kwayo kukhulu, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo kuphantsi, ngoko ke olu hlobo lwe-turbine lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizikhululo zamandla ombane ezincinci neziphakathi, kwaye intloko efanelekileyo ngokubanzi yi-20-300m.
i-turbine ecofa kabini
Ijethi evela kwi-nozzle ibetha ii-runner blades kabini ngokulandelelana. Olu hlobo lwe-turbine lulula ngesakhiwo kwaye kulula ukulwenza, kodwa alusebenzi kakuhle kwaye alunamandla aneleyo e-runner blade. Ifanelekile kuphela kwizikhululo zamandla ombane ezincinci ezine-hydropower enye engadluli kwi-1000kW, kwaye intloko yayo yamanzi esebenzayo ngokubanzi yi-5-100m.
Olu luhlelo lweeturbines zempembelelo. Xa kuthelekiswa neeturbines zempembelelo, zimbalwa iindidi zeeturbines zempembelelo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezinomahluko omkhulu wamanzi, iiturbines zempembelelo zisebenza ngakumbi, njengoMlambo iYarlung Zangbo kwilizwe lam, apho ithontsi lifikelela ngaphezu kweemitha ezingama-2,000, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukwakha amadama ngaxeshanye. Ke ngoko, iturbine yempembelelo ibe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-28-2022
