1, Gawo la mphamvu ndi kalasi ya jenereta ya hydro
Pakali pano, palibe muyezo umodzi wa gulu la mphamvu ndi liwiro la jenereta ya hydro padziko lapansi. Malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili ku China, mphamvu ndi liwiro lake zitha kugawidwa molingana ndi tebulo ili:
Gulu adavotera mphamvu PN (kw) liwiro NN (R / min)
Low liwiro sing'anga liwiro mkulu liwiro
Jenereta yaying'ono ya hydro 100 750-1500
Jenereta yaying'ono ya hydro 100-500 <375-600 750-1500
Jenereta wapakatikati wa hydro 500-10000 <375-600 750-1500
Jenereta wamkulu wa hydro> 10000 <100-375> 375
2. Kuyika mtundu wa jenereta wa hydro
Kapangidwe ka unsembe wa hydro jenereta zambiri anatsimikiza ndi mtundu wa chopangira magetsi hayidiroliki. Pali mitundu iyi:
1) Mapangidwe opingasa
Majenereta opingasa a hydro nthawi zambiri amayendetsedwa ndi ma turbines amphamvu. Magawo opingasa amadzi opingasa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe awiri kapena atatu. Mapangidwe a zitsulo ziwirizi ali ndi ubwino wautali wa axial waufupi, kapangidwe kameneka ndikuyika bwino ndikusintha. Komabe, pamene liwiro lovuta la shaft system silingathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira kapena katundu wonyamula ndi waukulu, mapangidwe atatu onyamula ayenera kutengedwa. Magawo ambiri apanyumba a hydraulic turbine generator amakhala ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati. Magawo akuluakulu opingasa okhala ndi mphamvu ya 12.5mw amapangidwanso. Yopingasa madzi turbine jenereta mayunitsi opangidwa kunja si osowa ndi mphamvu 60-70mw, pamene yopingasa madzi turbine jenereta mayunitsi ndi amapopera yosungirako mphamvu akhoza kukhala limodzi unit mphamvu ya 300MW.
2) Mapangidwe oima
Mapangidwe osunthika amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo opangira jenereta amadzi am'madzi. Mayunitsi opangira ma turbine amadzi oyima nthawi zambiri amayendetsedwa ndi Francis kapena ma axial-flow turbines. The ofukula dongosolo akhoza kugawidwa mu kuyimitsidwa mtundu ndi mtundu ambulera. Kuponyedwa kwa jenereta komwe kuli kumtunda kwa rotor kumatchedwa kuti mtundu woyimitsidwa, ndipo kuponyedwa komwe kuli kumunsi kwa rotor kumatchedwa mtundu wa ambulera.
3) Tubular kapangidwe
Gulu la jenereta la tubular turbine generator limayendetsedwa ndi turbine ya tubular. Tubular turbine ndi mtundu wapadera wa axial-flow turbine wokhala ndi masamba okhazikika kapena osinthika. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndi chakuti othamanga othamanga amakonzedwa mozungulira kapena mozungulira, ndipo kayendetsedwe kake kamakhala kogwirizana ndi chitoliro cholowera ndi chitoliro cha turbine. Tubular Hydrogenerator ili ndi ubwino wa kapangidwe kakang'ono komanso kulemera kwake. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo opangira magetsi okhala ndi mutu wamadzi otsika.
3. Zomangamanga za jenereta ya hydro
Vertical hydro jenereta makamaka imaphatikizapo stator, rotor, chimango chapamwamba, chimango chapansi, thrust bear, guide bear, air cooler ndi turbine yokhazikika ya maginito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-02-2021
