Me pēhea te whakamahi anō i tētahi pata wai kia 19 ngā wā? E whakakitea ana e tētahi tuhinga ngā mea ngaro o te whakaputa hiko wai

Me pēhea te whakamahi anō i tētahi pata wai kia 19 ngā wā? E whakakitea ana e tētahi tuhinga ngā mea ngaro o te whakaputa hiko wai

Mō te wā roa, he huarahi nui te whakaputa hiko wai hei whakarato hiko. E rere ana te awa mō ngā mano maero, ā, he nui te pūngao kei roto. Ko te whakawhanake me te whakamahi i te pūngao wai tūturu hei hiko ka kiia ko te whakaputa hiko wai. Ko te tukanga whakaputa hiko wai he tukanga hurihanga pūngao.
1. He aha te teihana hiko rokiroki papu?
Ko ngā teihana hiko papu te tikanga rokiroki hiko kaha-teitei kua tino pakari i roto i te hangarau, ā, kua pumau hoki i tēnei wā. Mā te hanga, mā te whakamahi rānei i ngā puna hiko e rua o nāianei, ka puta he maturuturunga iho, ā, ka papuhia te hiko tāpiri mai i te pūnaha hiko i ngā wā taumaha iti ki ngā wāhi teitei hei rokiroki. I ngā wā taumaha rawa, ka puta te hiko mā te tuku wai, e mōhiotia ana ko te "pūtea hiko nui".
Ko ngā teihana hiko wai he whare e whakamahi ana i te kaha nekeneke o te rere o te wai hei whakaputa hiko. He maha ngā wā ka hangaia ēnei ki ngā rerenga wai teitei i roto i ngā awa, mā te whakamahi i ngā tāke hei aukati i te rere o te wai me te hanga puna wai, kātahi ka huri i te kaha wai hei hiko mā roto i ngā tāwhana wai me ngā whakaputa hiko.
Heoi, kāore i te teitei te whai huatanga o te whakaputa hiko o tētahi teihana hiko wai kotahi nā te mea i muri i te rere o te wai i roto i tētahi teihana hiko wai, he nui tonu te kaha nekeneke e toe ana kāore i te whakamahia. Mena ka taea te hono raupapa i ngā teihana hiko wai maha hei hanga i tētahi pūnaha rerenga, ka taea te whakahohe i tētahi pata wai i ngā wā maha i ngā teitei rerekē, ā, ka pai ake te whai huatanga o te whakaputa hiko.

He aha ngā painga o ngā teihana hiko wai i tua atu i te whakaputa hiko? Ina hoki, he pānga nui anō tō te hanganga o ngā teihana hiko wai ki te whanaketanga ōhanga me te hapori o te rohe.
I tētahi taha, ka taea e te hanganga o ngā teihana hiko wai te akiaki i te hanganga hanganga ā-rohe me te whanaketanga ahumahi. He nui te tangata, ngā rauemi rauemi, me te haumi pūtea e hiahiatia ana mō te hanganga o ngā teihana hiko wai, e whakarato ana i ngā whai wāhitanga mahi ā-rohe me te tono mākete, e akiaki ana i te whanaketanga o ngā mekameka ahumahi e pā ana, ā, e whakapiki ana i te moni whiwhi ā-rohe. Hei tauira, ko te tapeke o te haumitanga o te kaupapa Teihana Hiko Wai o Wudongde e tata ana ki te 120 piriona yuan, ka taea te akiaki i ngā haumitanga ā-rohe mai i te 100 piriona yuan ki te 125 piriona yuan. I roto i te wā hanganga, ko te pikinga toharite o te mahi ā-tau e tata ana ki te 70000 tāngata, e hanga ana i tētahi kaha hou mō te tipu ōhanga ā-rohe.
I tētahi atu taha, mā te hanganga o ngā teihana hiko wai ka taea te whakapai ake i te taiao taiao o te rohe me te oranga o te tangata. Kaua te hanganga o ngā teihana hiko wai e whai i ngā paerewa taiao pakari anake, engari me whakahaere hoki i te whakaora me te tiaki taiao, te whakatipu me te tuku ika onge, te whakapai ake i ngā whenua awa, me te whakatairanga i te kanorau koiora. Hei tauira, mai i te whakatūnga o te Teihana Hiko Wai o Wudongde, neke atu i te 780000 ngā para ika onge pērā i te ika puku wehe, te honu mā, te rana roa, me te kāpa pāpaka kua tukuna. Hei tāpiri, ko te hanganga o ngā teihana hiko wai me neke me te whakanohonoho o ngā manene, e whakarato ana i ngā āhuatanga noho pai ake me ngā whai wāhitanga whanaketanga mō te iwi o te rohe. Hei tauira, ko te Rohe o Qiaojia te wāhi o te Teihana Hiko Wai o Baihetan, e uru ana ki te neke me te whakanohonoho o te 48563 tāngata. Kua hurihia e te Rohe o Qiaojia te rohe whakanohonoho hei rohe whakanohonoho tāone hou, kua whakapai ake i ngā hanganga me ngā ratonga tūmatanui, ā, kua whakapai ake i te kounga o te oranga me te harikoa o te taupori manene.
Ehara i te mea he tipu hiko anake te teihana hiko wai, engari he tipu whai hua anō hoki. Ehara i te mea ka whakaratohia he pūngao ma mō te whenua anake, engari ka kawea mai hoki he whanaketanga matomato ki te rohe. He āhuatanga wikitoria tēnei e tika ana kia mihia, kia akohia hoki e tātou.

2. Ngā momo taketake o te whakaputa hiko wai
Ko ngā tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te maturuturunga wai kukū ko te hanga tāpae, te hurihanga wai, te whakakotahitanga rānei o ngā mea e rua.

Hangaia he tāhuna i tētahi wāhanga o te awa me te maturuturunga nui, whakatūria he puna wai hei pupuri wai, hei whakapiki ake hoki i te taumata wai, tāutahia he tāhuna wai i waho o te tāhuna, ā, ka rere te wai mai i te puna wai mā te awa kawe wai (awa whakawhiti) ki te tāhuna wai i te wāhanga o raro o te tāhuna. Ka peia e te wai te tāhuna kia huri, ka peia te miihini whakaputa hiko, kātahi ka rere mā te awaawa hiku ki te awa e heke iho ana. Koinei te huarahi ki te hanga tāhuna me te hanga puna wai mō te whakaputa hiko.
Nā te rerekētanga nui o te taumata wai i waenga i te mata wai o te puna wai i roto i te tāhuna me te mata putanga o te tāhuna waipēhi i waho o te tāhuna, ka taea te whakamahi i te nui o te wai i roto i te puna wai mō te mahi mā te kaha pūmanawa nui, ka taea ai te whakatutuki i te tere whakamahinga rauemi wai teitei. Ko te teihana hiko wai i whakatūria mā te whakamahi i te tikanga hanga tāhuna kukū ka kiia he teihana hiko wai momo tāhuna, ko te nuinga he teihana hiko wai momo tāhuna me ngā teihana hiko wai momo awaawa.
Te whakatū i tētahi puna wai hei pupuri wai, hei whakapiki ake hoki i te taumata wai i ngā pito whakarunga o te awa, te tāuta i tētahi tāpine wai ki ngā pito whakararo, me te huri i te wai mai i te puna wai o runga ki te tāpine wai o raro mā te awaawa whakawhiti. Mā te rere o te wai ka huri te tāpine, ka panaia te miihini whakaputa hiko, kātahi ka haere mā te awaawa o muri ki ngā pito whakararo o te awa. Ka roa ake te awaawa whakawhiti, ā, ka haere mā te maunga, he ara whakawhiti wai me te whakaputa hiko.
Nā te nui o te rerekētanga o te taumata wai H0 i waenga i te mata o te puna wai o runga me te mata o te putanga o te tāpine wai o raro, he nui te wai i roto i te puna wai e mahi ana mā roto i te kaha pūmanawa nui, ka taea ai te whakatutuki i te pai o te whakamahinga rauemi wai. Ko ngā tipu hiko wai e whakamahi ana i te tikanga hurihanga wai kukū ka kiia he teihana hiko wai momo hurihanga, tae atu ki ngā teihana hiko wai momo hurihanga pēhanga me ngā teihana hiko wai momo hurihanga kore pēhanga.

3, Me pēhea te whakatutuki i te "19 ngā whakamahinga anō o te pata wai"?
E mōhiotia ana i oti mana te hanga o te Teihana Hiko Wai o Nanshan, ā, i tīmata te mahi i te 30 o Oketopa, 2019, kei te hononga o Yanyuan County me Butuo County i te Rohe Motuhake o Liangshan Yi, Porowini o Sichuan. Ko te kaha katoa o te teihana hiko wai he 102000 megawatts, he kaupapa hiko wai e whakamahi whānui ana i ngā rauemi wai taiao, te pūngao hau, me te pūngao rā. Ā, ko te mea tino ātaahua ko te mea kāore tēnei teihana hiko wai e whakaputa hiko anake, engari e whakatutuki ana hoki i te whai huatanga o ngā rauemi wai mā roto i ngā tikanga hangarau. E 19 ngā wā e whakamahia ana e ia he pata wai, ka hangaia he 34.1 piriona kilowatt hāora hiko tāpiri, ka hangaia he maha ngā merekara i roto i te mara o te whakaputa hiko wai.
Tuatahi, ka whakamahia e te Teihana Hiko Wai o Nanshan te hangarau whakaputa hiko wai ranu matua o te ao, e whakamahi whānui ana i ngā rauemi wai taiao, te pūngao hau, me te pūngao rā, ā, ka tutuki te arotau pūnaha me te mahi tahi mā roto i ngā tikanga hangarau, kia tutuki ai te whanaketanga pumau.
Tuarua, ka whakauruhia e te teihana hiko wai ngā hangarau hou pēnei i te tātari raraunga nui, te mātauranga horihori, me te Ipurangi o ngā Mea hei whakahaere pai i ngā āhuatanga maha pēnei i ngā tawhā waeine, te taumata wai, te upoko, me te rere o te wai, kia pai ake ai te whai huatanga o te mahi a te teihana hiko wai. Hei tauira, mā te whakatū i tētahi hangarau aroturuki me te whakahaere aunoa i te pēhanga upoko pumau, ka whakanuia e te waeine whakaputa hiko wai te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi wai me te whakarite kia haumaru te mahi, kia tutuki ai te whāinga o te arotau me te whakanui ake i te whakaputa hiko mā te arotau upoko. I taua wā anō, ina iti te taumata wai o te puna wai, ka whakatūhia e ngā teihana hiko wai tētahi pūnaha whakahaere hihiri mō te puna wai hei whakaroa i te tere o te hekenga o te taumata wai, hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te hangarua, me te whakanui ake i te kaha whakaputa hiko.
Hei tāpiritanga, he mea nui anō hoki te hoahoa pai rawa atu o te Teihana Hiko Wai o Nanshan. E whakamahia ana he tāpine wai PM (Pelton Michel turbine), e tohuhia ana e te mea ina rehuhia te wai ki runga i te impeller, ka taea te whakarite i te horahanga whakawhiti o te pūwero me te tere rere ki te impeller mā te hurihanga, kia ōrite ai te ahunga me te tere o te rehu wai ki te ahunga me te tere hurihanga o te impeller, kia nui ake ai te whai huatanga o te whakaputa hiko. Hei tāpiritanga, kua whakamahia ngā hangarau matatau pēnei i te hangarau rehu wai maha-ira me te tāpiri i ngā wāhanga hurihuri, e tino whakapai ake ana i te whai huatanga o te whakaputa hiko.
Hei whakamutunga, kei te whakamahi anō te Teihana Hiko Wai o Nanshan i te hangarau rokiroki pūngao motuhake. Kua tāpirihia he huinga whakaurunga rerenga wai ohorere ki te wāhi whakatakotoranga wai. Mā te puna rokiroki wai, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā rauemi wai ki ngā wā rerekē, kia tutuki ai ngā mahi maha pēnei i te whakaputa wai me te tuku hiko, me te whakarite i te whakamahinga ōhanga me te haumaru o ngā rauemi wai.

I te nuinga o te wā, ko te take i tutuki ai i te Teihana Hiko Wai o Nanshan te whāinga o te "whakamahi anō i te 19 ngā wā o te pata wai" nā ngā āhuatanga maha, tae atu ki te hangarau whakaputa hiko wai ranu matua o te ao, te whakamahinga o te hangarau hou, ngā tikanga whakahaere whai hua, te hoahoa pai, me te hangarau rokiroki hiko ahurei. Ehara i te mea ka kawea mai e tēnei he whakaaro hou me he tauira mō te whanaketanga o te umanga hiko wai, engari ka whakaratohia hoki he whakaaturanga me he whakaaweawe whai hua mō te whanaketanga pumau o te umanga hiko o Haina.