Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev thawb thoob ntiaj teb rau kev daws teeb meem kev siv hluav taws xob ruaj khov, Uzbekistan tau pom muaj peev xwm loj heev hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab, tshwj xeeb hauv hydropower, ua tsaug rau nws cov peev txheej dej ntau.
Uzbekistan cov peev txheej dej yog dav, suav nrog glaciers, dej ntws, pas dej, reservoirs, transboundary dej, thiab dej hauv av. Raws li kev suav suav los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv zos, qhov theoretical hydropower peev xwm ntawm lub teb chaws tus dej ntws mus txog 88.5 billion kWh txhua xyoo, thaum lub peev xwm ua tau zoo yog 27.4 billion kWh ib xyoos twg, nrog lub peev xwm txhim kho tshaj 8 lab kWh. Ntawm cov no, Pskem River nyob rau hauv Tashkent Xeev sawv tawm raws li "hydropower treasure," nrog rau technically mounted peev xwm ntawm 1.324 lab kW, accounting rau 45.3% Uzbekistan muaj hydropower peev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dej ntws xws li To'polondaryo, Chatqol, thiab Sangardak kuj tseem muaj peev xwm loj hlob hauv dej.
Uzbekistan txoj kev txhim kho hydropower muaj keeb kwm ntev. Thaum ntxov thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1, 1926, lub teb chaws thawj qhov chaw nres tsheb hydropower, Bo'zsuv GES - 1, tau pib ua haujlwm nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 4,000 kW. Lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob loj tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws, Chorvoq Hydropower Plant, maj mam tuaj online ntawm xyoo 1970 thiab 1972. Nws lub peev xwm nruab tau raug hloov kho los ntawm 620,500 kW mus rau 666,000 kW tom qab kev hloov kho tshiab. Txog rau thaum xaus ntawm 2023, Uzbekistan tag nrho cov hydropower ntsia muaj peev xwm mus txog 2.415 lab kW, accounting rau kwv yees li 30% ntawm nws technically ua tau. Nyob rau hauv 2022, Uzbekistan tag nrho cov hluav taws xob tsim yog 74.3 billion kWh, nrog rau lub zog tauj dua tshiab pab 6.94 billion kWh. Ntawm no, hydropower generated 6.5 billion kWh, accounting rau 8.75% ntawm tag nrho cov hluav taws xob tsim thiab dominating zog tauj dua tshiab zog nrog ib tug 93.66% feem. Txawm li cas los xij, muab lub teb chaws txoj kev siv hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ua tau ntawm 27.4 billion kWh hauv ib xyoos, tsuas yog kwv yees li 23% tau siv, qhia tias muaj ntau txoj hauv kev loj hlob hauv kev lag luam.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, Uzbekistan tau nquag ua raws li kev tsim kho hydropower, pib ntau txoj haujlwm. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2023, Uzbekhydroenergo tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus nkag siab (MOU) nrog Zhejiang Jinlun Electromechanical Industry rau kev sib koom ua ke cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me. Nyob rau lub Rau Hli ntawm tib lub xyoo, muaj kev pom zoo nrog Tuam Tshoj Southern Power Grid International los tsim peb lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum Lub Xya Hli 2023, Uzbek Hydrogenergo tshaj tawm kev sib tw rau kev tsim kho tsib lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob tshiab nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 46.6 MW, xav tias yuav tsim tau 179 lab kWh txhua xyoo ntawm tus nqi ntawm $ 106.9 lab. Thaum Lub Rau Hli 2023, Uzbekistan thiab Tajikistan tau sib koom ua ib txoj haujlwm los tsim ob lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob ntawm tus dej Zeravshan. Thawj theem suav nrog 140 MW Yavan Hydropower Plant, xav tau kev nqis peev ntawm $ 282 lab thiab npaj kom tsim tau 700-800 lab kWh txhua xyoo. Tom qab 135 MW cog ntawm Fandarya River yog npaj, nrog kwv yees peev ntawm $ 270 lab thiab ib xyoos ib xyoos muaj peev xwm ntawm 500-600 lab kWh. Thaum Lub Rau Hli 2024, Uzbekistan tau nthuav tawm nws txoj kev npaj tsim hluav taws xob hydropower, tsom lub peev xwm ntawm 6 GW los ntawm 2030. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb no suav nrog kev cog qoob loo tshiab thiab kev siv zog tshiab, ua raws li lub teb chaws txoj kev siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv kom muaj zog ntsuab rau 40% ntawm tag nrho cov qauv hluav taws xob los ntawm 2030.
Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev lag luam hydropower ntxiv, tsoomfwv Uzbek tau siv txoj cai txhawb nqa thiab cov txheej txheem tswj hwm. Cov phiaj xwm kev tsim hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob tau raug cai raug cai thiab txuas ntxiv ua kom zoo dua hauv cov lus teb rau kev nce qib thev naus laus zis thiab kev hloov pauv thoob ntiaj teb. Piv txwv li, Pawg Thawj Kav Tebchaws tau pom zoo "2016-2020 Hydropower Development Plan" thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2015, piav qhia txog kev tsim kho cuaj qhov chaw nres tsheb tshiab. Raws li "Uzbekistan-2030" lub tswv yim zoo zuj zus, tsoomfwv yuav tsum qhia ntxiv cov cai thiab kev cai lij choj kom nyiam cov peev txheej txawv teb chaws hauv hydropower thiab lwm yam kev siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab. Feem ntau ntawm Uzbekistan cov chaw nres tsheb hydropower tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm Soviet siv cov qauv Soviet. Txawm li cas los xij, lub teb chaws tab tom siv cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb los kho cov kev lag luam niaj hnub no. cov tuam txhab, suav nrog cov tuam txhab Suav, los pab txhawb lawv cov kev txawj ntse thiab tsim lawv cov thev naus laus zis hauv Uzbekistan.
Los ntawm kev pom kev koom tes, Tuam Tshoj thiab Uzbekistan tuav lub peev xwm tseem ceeb rau kev sib koom tes hauv kev lag luam dej. Nrog rau Txoj Kev Siv Txoj Kev Siv thiab Txoj Kev Ua Ntej, ob lub tebchaws tau txais kev pom zoo dav dav ntawm kev sib koom tes ntawm lub zog. Kev vam meej ntawm Tuam Tshoj-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway project ntxiv dag zog rau lawv lub hauv paus rau kev sib koom tes ntawm hydropower. Tuam Tshoj cov tuam txhab muaj kev paub dhau los hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob, khoom tsim khoom, thiab kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis, nrog rau cov thev naus laus zis siab thiab muaj peev xwm nyiaj txiag muaj peev xwm. Lub caij no, Uzbekistan muaj ntau cov kev siv dej siv hluav taws xob, ib puag ncig txoj cai zoo, thiab kev xav tau kev lag luam loj, tsim cov xwm txheej zoo rau kev sib koom tes. Ob lub teb chaws tuaj yeem koom nrog kev sib koom tes sib sib zog nqus nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog kev tsim kho hydropower plant, khoom siv, kev hloov pauv thev naus laus zis, thiab kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm, txhawb kev sib koom tes thiab kev loj hlob.
Saib ua ntej, Uzbekistan txoj kev lag luam hydropower yog npaj rau lub neej yav tom ntej. Nrog rau kev ua tiav ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb, cov peev txheej yuav nce ntxiv, ua kom tau raws li kev xav tau ntawm lub zog hauv tsev thaum tseem tsim cov hauv kev rau hluav taws xob xa tawm thiab tsim cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hydropower sector yuav txhawb kev loj hlob thoob plaws cov kev lag luam uas muaj feem xyuam, tsim kom muaj kev ua haujlwm, thiab txhawb kev lag luam hauv cheeb tsam. Raws li lub zog huv thiab rov ua dua tshiab, kev tsim hluav taws xob loj loj yuav pab Uzbekistan txo nws txoj kev cia siab rau fossil fuels, txo qis carbon emissions, thiab pab txhawb kev zoo rau ntiaj teb kev hloov pauv huab cua.
Post lub sij hawm: Mar-12-2025
