Hauv kev tsim kho hydropower, qhov sib piv ntawm qhov ceev ntawm lub turbine yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas siv los ntsuas qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub turbine hydraulic. Nws qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov ceev ntawm lub runner rotational thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov dej ntws lossis cov dej ntws nkag mus rau hauv lub turbine. Kev nkag siab thiab kev ua kom zoo dua qhov sib piv no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob hydropower.
1. Kev Txhais ntawm Turbine Speed Ratio
Qhov sib piv ceev ntawm lub turbine hydraulic feem ntau txhais tias yog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov ceev ntawm lub turbine khiav thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov dej ntws tuaj.
Hauv cov lus yooj yim, nws qhia tias lub turbine khiav nrawm npaum li cas piv rau qhov ceev ntawm cov dej uas tsav nws. Qhov sib piv ceev sib npaug zoo tso cai rau cov hniav turbine lossis cov thoob kom ntes tau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub zog los ntawm cov dej ntws.
Yog tias tus khiav tig qeeb dhau, feem ntau ntawm cov dej lub zog kinetic yuav dhau mus yam tsis tau siv tag nrho. Yog tias nws tig sai dhau, cov dej yuav tsis xa nws lub zog mus rau cov hniav turbine zoo. Yog li ntawd, txhua hom turbine muaj qhov sib piv ceev zoo tshaj plaws uas sib haum rau nws qhov ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws.
2. Qhov Sib Piv Ceev Hauv Cov Hom Turbines Sib Txawv
Cov qauv tsim turbine sib txawv xav tau cov piv sib txawv ntawm qhov ceev zoo tshaj plaws vim lawv cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm.
Pelton Turbine
Lub Pelton Turbine yog lub turbine impulse uas tsim los rau cov xwm txheej siab thiab qis. Lub zog dej ntaus cov thoob ncaj qha, hloov lub zog kinetic mus rau tus khiav. Qhov sib piv ceev zoo tshaj plaws rau Pelton turbine feem ntau yog nyob ib puag ncig 0.46 ntawm lub zog ntawm lub dav hlau. Qhov sib piv no tso cai rau cov thoob kom rho tawm lub zog siab tshaj plaws los ntawm lub dav hlau dej.
Francis Turbine
Lub Francis Turbine yog lub turbine reaction uas siv dav rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob hydropower nruab nrab. Cov dej ntws radial mus rau hauv los ntawm tus khiav thiab tawm hauv axially. Vim tias cov txheej txheem hloov pauv zog cuam tshuam nrog ob qho tib si kev hloov pauv siab thiab qhov ceev, qhov sib piv ceev yog cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam kev ntsuas hydraulic thiab feem ntau yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev tsim kho kom zoo.
Turbine Turbine
Lub Turgo Turbine kuj yog lub turbine impulse tab sis ua haujlwm ntawm qhov ceev tshwj xeeb siab dua li lub Pelton turbine. Lub tshuab dej ntaus lub khiav ntawm lub kaum sab xis thiab tawm ntawm sab nraud, ua rau muaj qhov ceev tig siab dua. Yog li ntawd, Turgo turbines feem ntau muaj qhov sib piv ceev dua, uas ua rau lawv haum rau cov ntawv thov nruab nrab nrog cov nqi ntws ntau dua.
3. Qhov Tseem Ceeb ntawm Qhov Sib Piv Ceev Kom Zoo
Kev tswj hwm qhov sib piv ntawm qhov ceev ntawm lub turbine kom raug muab ntau qhov txiaj ntsig rau kev ua haujlwm:
Kev ua haujlwm hloov pauv hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws
Kev ua haujlwm turbine ruaj khov
Txo cov kev poob hydraulic
Kev ntxhov siab tsawg dua ntawm cov khoom siv turbine
Kev sib phim ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob zoo dua
Thaum tsim lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob hydropower, cov engineers ua tib zoo xam qhov sib piv ntawm qhov ceev ntawm lub turbine kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ceev ntawm lub turbine runner phim qhov tsim lub taub hau thiab cov xwm txheej ntws.
4. Kev Sib Raug Zoo Nrog Qhov Ceev Tshwj Xeeb
Qhov piv ntawm qhov ceev ntawm lub cav turbine muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog lwm qhov tseem ceeb uas hu ua qhov ceev tshwj xeeb. Qhov ceev tshwj xeeb pab cov engineers xaiv hom turbine uas tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau lub taub hau thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ntws.
Piv txwv li:
Qhov ceev tshwj xeeb qis → Pelton turbines
Qhov ceev tshwj xeeb nruab nrab → Francis turbines
Kev kub ceev tshwj xeeb → Kaplan lossis propeller turbines
Qhov piv ntawm qhov ceev pab kho qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub turbine hauv cov pawg tsim dav dav no.
Qhov piv ntawm qhov ceev ntawm lub turbine ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov turbine hydropower. Los ntawm kev sib phim qhov ceev ntawm cov dej ntws nrog qhov ceev ntawm cov dej nkag, cov engineers tuaj yeem ua kom tau txais hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws thiab xyuas kom meej tias kev ua haujlwm tau ntev.
Hauv kev tsim kho hydropower niaj hnub no, kev ua tib zoo kho qhov sib piv ceev - ua ke nrog kev tsim turbine siab heev thiab kev xam hydraulic meej - pab ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab kev ua tau zoo dua rau ob qho chaw nres tsheb hydropower loj thiab cov kab ke micro hydropower.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Peb Hlis-12-2026
