Lub plawv ntawm txhua lub turbine hydro yog nws tus khiav. Qhov no yog qhov khoom uas hloov lub zog ntawm cov dej ntws mus rau hauv lub zog kho tshuab, uas ua rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsav los tsim hluav taws xob. Ntawm txhua hom turbine, Francis khiav, nrog nws cov hniav sib xyaw ua ke, yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom sib tw thiab meej tshaj plaws los tsim. Cov txheej txheem yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj thiab kev tsim kho digital tshiab.
Lub Luag Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb ntawm Tus Neeg Khiav
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm tus neeg khiav ncaj qha qhia txog kev ua haujlwm zoo, lub zog tso zis, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm tag nrho lub tshuab turbine. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm nws cov geometry tuaj yeem ua rau cavitation (kev tsim cov npuas dej ua puas tsuaj), kev co, thiab kev poob zog loj. Yog li ntawd, kev tsim tus neeg khiav tsis yog tsuas yog hais txog kev tsim ib feem hlau xwb; nws yog hais txog kev tsim cov cuab yeej hloov pauv hluav taws xob zoo heev.
Cov Theem Tseem Ceeb hauv Kev Tsim Khoom Khiav
1. Tsim thiab Kev Tsim Kho
Cov txheej txheem pib nrog kev siv Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) thiab Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations uas nyuaj heev. Cov engineers ua kom zoo dua qhov profile ntawm cov hniav, tus naj npawb ntawm cov hniav, thiab cov ces kaum ntawm qhov nkag/qhov tawm kom ua tiav qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua haujlwm hydraulic thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo rau qhov project lub taub hau thiab cov xwm txheej ntws.
2. Casting los yog Forging
Kev Ua Phem: Rau feem ntau cov neeg khiav Francis loj, cov hniav ib leeg yog cov uas raug ua kom raug, feem ntau yog los ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb zoo (piv txwv li, CA6NM lossis 13/4/5 Cr-Ni hlau) kom tiv taus kev xeb thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cavitation. Lub kaus mom thiab txoj hlua kuj raug ua kom raug lossis forged sib cais.
Kev Sib Tsoo: Rau qee qhov kev siv siab, cov khoom tseem ceeb yuav raug sib tsoo kom ua tiav cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo dua thiab cov qauv noob sib xws dua.
3. Kev Siv Tshuab: Qhov Uas Kev Ntsuas Tseeb Muaj Peev Xwm Zoo
Qhov no yog theem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, hloov cov khoom siv castings mus ua ib qho kev sib dhos ua kom raug. Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb suav nrog:
Kev Siv Tshuab Tsis Zoo: Tshem tawm cov khoom seem ntawm cov hniav cam, lub kaus mom, thiab txoj hlua kom ze rau qhov zoo li zaum kawg.
CNC Milling: Lub hauv paus ntawm cov txheej txheem. Siv ntau-axis Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling tshuab, cov nyuaj, peb-seem nto ntawm cov hniav raug txiav kom zoo. 5-axis CNC tshuab yog qhov tseem ceeb kom ncav cuag cov nto nkhaus tob thiab undercuts yam tsis tas yuav rov kho dua ntau zaus.
Kev Npaj Thiab Kev Vuam: Cov hniav uas tau ua kom zoo tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw zoo thiab vuam ntawm lub kaus mom thiab txoj hlua. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom raug heev kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev sib dhos kawg sib haum xeeb nrog tus qauv tsim digital.
Kev Vuam: Cov neeg vuam uas muaj kev txawj ntse ua qhov kev vuam kawg, txuas cov hniav rau lub kaus mom thiab txoj hlua. Qhov no feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv tshuab lossis robotic Submerged Arc Vuam (SAW) lossis Gas Tungsten Arc Vuam (GTAW/TIG) kom ntseeg tau tias cov vuam tob, sib xws, thiab tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo. Cov txheej txheem kho cua sov ua ntej thiab tom qab vuam (PWHT) nruj heev raug ua raws li kom txo qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab tiv thaiv kev tawg.
4. Kev Ua Tiav thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo
Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Qhov Loj: Tag nrho cov welded khiav yog scanned siv lub tshuab ntsuas Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) lossis laser scanners los xyuas kom meej tias txhua qhov contour phim cov qauv 3D CAD hauv qhov kev kam rau siab (feem ntau hauv cov feem ntawm ib millimeter).
Kev Tiav Qhov Chaw: Cov hniav raug txhuam kom du. Qhov chaw du hydraulically txo qhov kev sib txhuam thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cavitation pib.
Kev Ntsuas Tsis Ua Rau Puas Tsuaj (NDT): Txhua qhov vuam raug tshuaj xyuas zoo siv cov txheej txheem xws li Kev Ntsuas Ultrasonic (UT), Kev Ntsuas Dye Penetrant (PT), lossis Kev Ntsuas Magnetic Particle (MT) kom pom cov qhov tsis zoo sab hauv lossis qhov chaw.
Kev Sib Npaug: Tus khiav tiav lawm yuav raug sib npaug ntawm lub tshuab sib npaug tshwj xeeb. Tej qhov chaw hnyav yuav raug txheeb xyuas thiab kho los ntawm kev ntxiv lossis tshem tawm cov khoom me me kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm du thiab tsis muaj kev co ntawm qhov ceev ceev.
Lub Luag Haujlwm ntawm Kev Siv Tshuab Siab Tshaj Plaws
Kev tsim cov khoom siv niaj hnub no tsis yooj yim sua yog tsis muaj thev naus laus zis siab heev. Digital Twins—ib qho kev theej virtual ntawm cov khoom siv lub cev—tso cai rau cov engineers los ua qauv rau cov txheej txheem machining thiab welding, kwv yees thiab txo qhov kev cuam tshuam ua ntej lawv tshwm sim. 5-Axis CNC Machining muab qhov yooj ywm thiab qhov tseeb uas xav tau rau cov geometries nyuaj. Robotic Welding thiab Automated NDT ua kom muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws.
Xaus lus
Kev tsim lub tshuab cua turbine hydro turbine yog ib qho txheej txheem uas siv nyiaj ntau thiab kev txawj ntse heev. Nws yog ib qho pov thawj ntawm tib neeg lub tswv yim, qhov twg cov software siab heev, cov tshuab muaj zog, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo sib sau ua ke los tsim ib qho khoom siv uas yuav siv lub zog ntawm xwm tau ntau xyoo. Qhov zoo ntawm ib qho khoom siv no, qhov tseeb, yog lub zog tsav tsheb tom qab lub ntiaj teb lub zog hluav taws xob txhim khu kev qha tshaj plaws.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Kaum Ib Hlis-10-2025
