Hydropower yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov dej ntuj lub zog rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siv kev ntsuas engineering. Nws yog txoj hauv kev ntawm kev siv dej zog. Qhov zoo yog tias nws tsis haus roj, tsis ua phem rau ib puag ncig, lub zog dej tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv los ntawm nag lossis daus, cov cuab yeej siv tshuab thiab hluav taws xob yooj yim, thiab kev ua haujlwm yog hloov tau thiab yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nqis peev dav dav yog qhov loj, lub sijhawm tsim kho yog ntev, thiab qee zaum qee qhov kev poob dej nyab tau tshwm sim. Hydropower feem ntau ua ke nrog kev tswj dej nyab, kev siv dej, kev xa khoom, thiab lwm yam rau kev siv dav.
Muaj peb hom kev tsim hluav taws xob hydroelectric:
1. Pa Hydroelectricity
Ntawd yog, dam-type hydropower, tseem hu ua reservoir-type hydropower. Lub reservoir yog tsim los ntawm kev khaws cov dej hauv lub pas dej, thiab nws lub zog tso zis ntau tshaj plaws yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntim ntawm lub reservoir thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm qhov hluav taws xob dej thiab qhov siab ntawm cov dej saum npoo av. Qhov siab sib txawv no yog hu ua lub taub hau, tseem hu ua qhov poob los yog lub taub hau, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov dej yog proportional rau lub taub hau.
2. Khiav-ntawm-tus-dej-dej hydroelectricity (ROR)
Qhov ntawd yog, kwj-kawg hydropower, tseem hu ua khiav-ntawm-dej hydropower, yog ib hom ntawm hydropower uas siv lub zog dej tab sis tsuas yog yuav tsum tau muaj dej me me lossis tsis tas yuav khaws cov dej ntau los tsim hluav taws xob. kwj-flow hydroelectricity yuav luag tsis muaj dej cia, los yog tsuas yog ib lub chaw cia dej me me xwb, uas yog hu ua lub pas dej txias lossis lub forecourt thaum lub chaw cia dej me me tsim. Vim tias tsis muaj cov chaw cia dej loj loj, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntws tau zoo heev rau cov kev hloov pauv raws caij nyoog ntawm cov dej siv hauv cov dej, yog li cov kwj-kwj fais fab nroj tsuag feem ntau txhais tau tias yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib cuam tshuam. Thiab yog tias lub pas dej tswj hwm tau tsim nyob rau hauv Chuanliu fais fab nroj tsuag uas tuaj yeem kho cov dej ntws txhua lub sijhawm, nws yuav siv los ua lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws lossis lub hauv paus-load fais fab nroj tsuag.
3. Tide zog
Tidal fais fab tuag yog nyob ntawm qhov nce thiab poob ntawm dej hiav txwv theem tshwm sim los ntawm tides. Feem ntau, cov reservoirs yog tsim los khaws hluav taws xob, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev siv cov dej ntws ncaj qha los ntawm cov dej ntws los tsim hluav taws xob. Tsis muaj ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb tsim nyog rau kev tsim hluav taws xob tidal, tab sis yim hauv UK tau kwv yees tias muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li 20% ntawm lub teb chaws cov kev xav tau hluav taws xob.
Tau kawg, peb hom kev tsim hluav taws xob yog cov chaw siv hluav taws xob zoo ib yam, thiab muaj lwm hom chaw nres tsheb fais fab, Pumped Storage Power Station, uas feem ntau siv cov hluav taws xob ntau dhau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob (lub caij dej nyab, hnub so, lossis hluav taws xob qis qis hauv ob ib nrab ntawm hmo ntuj). ), cov dej nyob rau hauv lub reservoir qis yog pumped mus rau sab sauv reservoir cia; Thaum lub kaw lus load peaks, cov dej nyob rau hauv lub sab sauv reservoir yog muab tso rau, thiab lub turbine yog tsav los ntawm lub turbine los tsim hluav taws xob. Nws muaj ob txoj haujlwm ntawm ncov shaving thiab hav filling, thiab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ncov shaving fais fab mov rau lub zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem tuaj yeem tswj hwm qhov zaus, theem, qhov hluav taws xob thiab ua haujlwm rau thaub qab, uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm zoo ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob thiab txhim kho kev lag luam ntawm lub system.
Lub twj tso kua mis tso hluav taws xob nws tus kheej tsis tsim hluav taws xob, tab sis ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lub zog hluav taws xob; nws muaj lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev tswj hwm ncov thaum lub sij hawm luv luv load peaks; qhov pib-up thiab tso zis hloov pauv sai, uas tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thiab txhim kho daim phiaj hluav taws xob. fais fab zoo. Tam sim no nws tsis tau cais raws li hydropower, tab sis hluav taws xob cia.
Raws li tam sim no, muaj 193 lub chaw nres tsheb dej hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog lub peev xwm ntawm ntau dua 1,000 MW hauv txhua lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb, thiab 21 tab tom tsim. Ntawm lawv, muaj 55 qhov chaw siv hluav taws xob uas muaj peev xwm tsim tau ntau dua 1,000MW hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv Suav teb, thiab 5 tab tom tsim kho, qeb duas hauv ntiaj teb.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-14-2022
