ʻO kahi hale mana wai he ʻōnaehana hydraulic, ʻōnaehana mīkini, a me kahi mea hana uila uila. He papahana mālama mālama wai ia e ʻike ai i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ikehu wai i ikehu uila. Pono ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka hana uila uila i ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻia o ka ikehu wai i nā kikowaena hydropower.
Ma ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana wai wai, hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia a hoʻololi ʻia ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai hydraulic i ka manawa a me ka lewa no ka hoʻohana mau ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai hydraulic. I mea e hoʻololi maikaʻi ai i ka ikehu wai i loko o ka waihona i ka ikehu uila, pono e hoʻokō ʻia ke kikowaena hydropower ma o kahi ʻōnaehana hydro mechanical a me ka uila, ʻo ia ka nui o nā paipu hoʻoheheʻe kaomi, turbines, generators, a me tailpipes.
1 、 Alanui ʻEmi Maʻemaʻe
Ma ʻAukake 11, 2023, ua hoʻolaha ʻo China Three Gorges Corporation he 100 mau ʻāpana hana ma ka honua ka nui o ka ikehu maʻemaʻe, e hoʻonohonoho ana i kahi kiʻekiʻe hou no ka makahiki e pili ana i ka nui o nā ʻāpana i hana ʻia.
ʻO nā hale mana cascade ʻeono o Wudongde, Baihetan, Xiluodu, Xiangjiaba, Three Gorges, a me Gezhouba ma ke kahawai nui o ka muliwai ʻo Yangtze no ka hana a me ka hoʻokele ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana mana o ka muliwai Yangtze i hui pū ʻia i ke ala nui o ka ikehu maʻemaʻe o ka honua.
2. ʻO nā hale mana wai o Kina
1. ʻO ke kahua wai wai ʻo Jinsha River Baihetan
Ma ka lā 3 o ʻAukake, ua mālama ʻia ka hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka muliwai ʻo Jinsha Baihetan Hydropower Station ma lalo o ka lua kumu wai. I kēlā lā, ua komo ka hale hoʻokele wai wai nui loa o ka honua ma lalo o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana, ʻo Baihetan Hydropower Station, i ke kahua o ka hana piha o ka papahana nui.
Aia ka Baihetan Hydropower Station ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka muliwai ʻo Jinsha ma Ningnan County, Sichuan Province a me Qiaojia County, Yunnan Province, me ka nui o 16 miliona kilowatts. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana, lilo paha ia i lua o ka lua wai nui ma ka honua ma hope o ke kahawai ʻekolu Gorges.
Kūkulu ʻia ka papahana e China Three Gorges Corporation a lawelawe ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he kumu mana iwi hope no ka hoʻolālā ikehu aupuni o "West East Power Transmission".
2. Wudongde Hydropower Station
Aia ka Wudongde Hydropower Station ma ka muliwai ʻo Jinsha ma ka hui ʻana o nā panalāʻau ʻo Sichuan a me Yunnan. ʻO ia ka cascade mua o nā kikowaena wai wai ʻehā ma ka ʻāpana lalo o ka muliwai Jinsha, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Wudongde, Baihetan Hydropower Station, Xiluodu Hydropower Station, a me Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station.
Ma ka hola 11:12 i ka lā 16 o Iune, 2021, ua hoʻopau maikaʻi ka ʻāpana hope loa o Wudongde Hydropower Station, ka hiku o ka honua a me ka ʻehā o Kina i ka hana hoʻāʻo he 72 hola a ua hoʻohui ʻia i loko o ka Southern Power Grid, i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana mana. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻāpana 12 āpau o Wudongde Hydropower Station no ka hana mana.
ʻO ka Wudongde Hydropower Station ka papahana mega hydropower mua me ka mana o 10 miliona kilowatts i hoʻomaka ai ʻo Kina i ke kūkulu ʻana a hoʻokomo piha i ka hana mai ka 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. He papahana kākoʻo koʻikoʻi ia no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka papahana "West East Power Transmission" a me ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana ikehu maʻemaʻe, haʻahaʻa, palekana a maikaʻi.
3. Shilongba Hydropower Station
ʻO Shilongba Hydropower Station ka hale wai wai mua ma Kina. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hope o ka Qing Dynasty a ua hoʻopau ʻia ma ka Repubalika o Kina. Ua kūkulu ʻia e ke kapikala pilikino i kēlā manawa a aia ma ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ka muliwai Tanglang ma Haikou, Xishan District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province.
4. ʻO Manwan Hydropower Station
ʻO Manwan Hydropower Station ke kumu kūʻai nui loa o ka hydropower, a ʻo ka miliona kilowatt hydropower station hoʻi i kūkulu ʻia ma ke kahawai wai nui o ka muliwai ʻo Lancang. ʻO ke kahawai ʻo Xiaowan Hydropower Station, a ʻo ke kahawai ʻo Dachaoshan Hydropower Station.
5. Tianba Hydropower Station
Aia ka Tianba Hydropower Station ma ka muliwai Chuhe ma Zhenba County, Shaanxi Province. Hoʻomaka ia mai ka Xiaonanhai Power Station a pau ma ka nuku o ka muliwai Pianxi ma Zhenba County. No ka papa ʻehā o ka papahana ʻano liʻiliʻi (1), ʻo ka papa hale nui ka papa ʻehā a ʻo ka papa hale lua ka papa ʻelima.
6. ʻEkolu Gorges Hydropower Station
ʻO Three Gorges Dam, i ʻike ʻia ʻo Three Gorges Water Conservancy Hub Project a i ʻole ka Three Gorges Project, he kahua hoʻokele wai wai.
ʻO ka ʻāpana ʻo Xiling Gorge o ka muliwai ʻo Yangtze, aia ma Yichang City, Hubei Province, Kina, ʻo ia ka hale wai wai nui loa o ka honua a me ka hana ʻenehana nui loa i kūkulu ʻia ma Kina.
Ua ʻae ʻia ka Three Gorges Hydropower Station no ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana e ka National People's Congress i ka makahiki 1992, hoʻomaka ʻia ke kūkulu ʻana i ka makahiki 1994, hoʻomaka i ka mālama wai a me ka hana mana i ke ahiahi o Iune 1, 2003, a hoʻopau ʻia i ka makahiki 2009.
ʻO ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka wai, ka hana mana, a me ka hoʻouna ʻana, ʻo ia nā pōmaikaʻi nui ʻekolu o ka papahana ʻekolu Gorges, a ma waena o ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka wai i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa o ka papahana Three Gorges Project.
7. Hale mana wai wai o Baishan
ʻO Baishan Hydropower Station ka hale mana wai nui loa ma Northeast Kina. He papahana ia e hoʻoulu nui ai i ka uila a loaʻa iā ia nā pono hoʻohana piha e like me ka hoʻomalu wai a me ka iʻa. ʻO ia ke kumu nui o ka kahiki kiʻekiʻe, ka hoʻoponopono alapine, a me ke kumu mana hoʻihoʻi pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana mana Northeast.
8. Fengman Hydropower Station
ʻO Fengman Hydropower Station, aia ma ka muliwai Songhua ma Jilin City, Jilin Province, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka "makuahine o ka hydropower" a me ka "cradle of Chinese hydropower". Ua kūkulu ʻia i ka wā o ka noho ʻana o Iapana ma Northeast Kina i ka makahiki 1937 a ʻo ia ke kahua wai wai nui loa ma Asia i kēlā manawa.
9. Longtan Hydropower Station
ʻO Longtan Hydropower Station, aia ma 15 mau kilomita ma ke kahawai ʻo Tianʻe County ma Guangxi, kahi papahana hōʻailona o "West East Power Transmission".
10. Xiluodu Hydropower Station
Aia ka Xiluodu Hydropower Station ma ka ʻāpana ʻo Jinsha River Gorge ma ka hui o Leibo County ma Sichuan Province a me Yongshan County ma Yunnan Province. ʻO ia kekahi o nā kumu mana iwi kuamoʻo no ka "West East Power Transmission" o Kina, no ka hana mana, a loaʻa iā ia nā pōmaikaʻi piha e like me ke kaohi ʻana i ka wai, ka hoʻopale ʻana i ka sediment, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā kūlana moku o lalo.
11. Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station
Aia ka Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station ma ka palena o Yibin City, Sichuan Province a me Shuifu City, Yunnan Province, a ʻo ia ke kahua wai wai o ka muliwai ʻo Jinsha River Hydropower Base. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka pūʻulu mua o nā ʻāpana no ka hana mana i Nowemapa 2012.
12. ʻO Ertan Hydropower Station
Aia ka Ertan Hydropower Station ma ka palena o nā kalana Yanbian a me Miyi ma Panzhihua City, ma ke komohana hema o Sichuan Province, Kina. Ua hoʻomaka i ke kūkulu ʻia i Kepakemapa 1991, ua hoʻomaka ka ʻāpana mua e hana i ka uila i Iulai 1998, a ua hoʻopau ʻia i ka makahiki 2000. ʻO ia ka hale mana nui loa i kūkulu ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia ma Kina i ke kenekulia 20.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-27-2024
