ʻIke a me nā noi o ka Francis Turbine 100kW

I loko o ke ao holoʻokoʻa o ka hydropower, kahi e hoʻonohonoho ʻia ai nā hoʻonohonoho mai nā pā gigawatt nui a hiki i nā pico-turbines liʻiliʻi, ua noho aliʻi ka turbine Francis ma ke ʻano he hoʻolālā versatile loa a hoʻohana nui ʻia. He ʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia ma ka ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a waena, kahi e kū ai ka turbine Francis 100kW ma ke ʻano he lio hana ikaika a maikaʻi loa, kūpono loa no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana o nā muliwai a me nā kahawai no ka hana ikehu decentralized.
He turbine pane ka turbine Francis 100kW, ʻo ia hoʻi, hana ia i loko o ka wai a hoʻohana i ke kaomi o ka wai a me kona wikiwiki e hoʻoulu i ka ikehu wili. He mea ʻokoʻa nui kēia mai nā turbine impulse e like me ka huila Pelton, kahi e hoʻohana nui ai i ka ikehu kinetic o ka wai. ʻO ka papa inoa "100kW" e hōʻike ana i kāna hoʻopuka uila i helu ʻia—ua lawa ia e hoʻoikaika mau i kahi o 80-100 mau hale ʻAmelika maʻamau, he nui no kahi kaiāulu mamao, kahi ʻoihana liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole kahi hana mahiʻai.
He mea kupanaha ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka turbine Francis o ka ʻenekinia hydraulic. Alakaʻi ʻia ka wai i loko o kahi ʻili ʻano wili, i ʻike ʻia ʻo volute, kahi e hoʻolaha like ai i ke kahe a puni ka turbine. A laila hele ka wai ma o ke apo o nā vanes alakaʻi paʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​​​puka wicket. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia kēia mau vanes, e ʻae ana i ka mea hoʻohana e kāohi i ka nui a me ke kihi o ke kahe wai e komo ana i ka mea holo, e hana ana i ka turbine i mea kūpono loa ma lalo o nā kūlana kahe wai like ʻole a me ke kaomi (poʻo). ʻO ka puʻuwai o ka turbine ka mea holo, he moʻo o nā pahi i ʻōwili pono ʻia ma waena o ʻelua mau apo. Ke neʻe nei ka wai ma o kēia mau ala ʻōwili, hoʻoili ia i kona ikehu, e hoʻoulu ai i ka mea holo e milo. A laila puka ka wai ma ke ʻano axial ma o kahi paipu draft, kahi e kōkua ai i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ke kaomi a hoʻonui i ka pono.
ʻO ka helu 100kW ua kūpono loa ia i kahi ʻano kikoʻī o nā kūlana hydrological. ʻO ka maʻamau, hana pono kahi turbine o kēia nui ma lalo o ke poʻo waena—ma nā wahi āpau mai 20 a 150 mika—a me ka nui o ke kahe waena. ʻO kēia ka mea e lilo ai ia i koho maikaʻi loa no nā wahi puʻu a mauna paha kahi i loaʻa ai ka hāʻule kū pololei kūpono. ʻO kona hiki ke mālama i ka pono kiʻekiʻe (pinepine ma luna o 90%) ma nā ʻano kahe like ʻole ma muli o kāna mau vanes alakaʻi hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia he pono nui ia.
He nui nā noi no kahi turbine Francis 100kW. ʻO lākou ke kumu o nā papahana mini-grid a me nā micro-hydropower he nui, e hāʻawi ana i ka mana hilinaʻi, hou, a me ka mālama haʻahaʻa i nā kaiāulu ma waho o ka grid. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā hale hana ʻoihana liʻiliʻi, nā ʻōnaehana irrigation, a ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o nā ʻōnaehana cascading ma nā muliwai nui kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai nā turbine he nui ma nā wahi like ʻole.
I ka hopena, ʻo ka turbine Francis 100kW ke kū nei i kahi wahi ʻono i ka ʻenehana hydropower. Hāʻawi ia i kahi ala i hōʻoia ʻia, hilinaʻi, a me ka maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu kūlohelohe o ka wai e hāʻule ana i ka uila waiwai nui. No nā papahana me nā ʻano poʻo waena a me ke kahe, he koho lanakila ʻole ia, e hoʻohui ana i nā loina o nā kenekulia o ka dynamics fluid me nā mea hou a me ka ʻenekinia e hāʻawi i ka mana maʻemaʻe no nā makahiki he ʻumi.