Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi ngamanzi ukusebenzisa umehluko ekhanda lamanzi emzimbeni wamanzi ukukhiqiza ukuguqulwa kwamandla, okungukuthi, ukuguqula amandla amanzi agcinwe emifuleni, emachibini, olwandle nakwezinye izindawo zamanzi abe amandla kagesi. Izici eziyinhloko ezithinta ukukhiqizwa kwamandla izinga lokugeleza kanye nekhanda. Izinga lokugeleza libhekisela kumthamo wamanzi adlula endaweni ethile ngeyunithi yesikhathi, kuyilapho ikhanda lamanzi libhekisela kumehluko wokuphakama, owaziwa nangokuthi ukwehla, kwamanzi asetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla.
Amandla amanzi angumthombo wamandla avuselelekayo. Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi ngamanzi ukusetshenziswa komjikelezo wemvelo wamanzi, lapho amanzi egeleza esuka phezulu aye phansi ebusweni boMhlaba futhi ekhipha amandla. Ngenxa yokuthi umjikelezo wamanzi uvame ukusekelwe emjikelezweni waminyaka yonke, yize kukhona umehluko phakathi kweminyaka emanzi, iminyaka evamile, neminyaka eyomile, izici zomjikelezo womjikelezo azishintshi. Ngakho-ke, unezici ezifanayo namandla elanga, amandla omoya, amandla olwandle, njll., futhi ungowamandla avuselelekayo.
Amandla amanzi nawo angumthombo wamandla ahlanzekile. Amandla amanzi angamandla angokwenyama agcinwe ngokwemvelo emanzini, angashintshi ngamakhemikhali, angasebenzisi uphethiloli, angakhiphi izinto eziyingozi, futhi angangcolisi imvelo ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa nokuguqulwa kube amandla kagesi. Ngakho-ke, angumthombo wamandla ahlanzekile.
Amayunithi okuphehla ugesi ngamanzi, ngenxa yokuvula nokuvala kwawo okuguquguqukayo nokulula, kanye nokulungiswa okusheshayo kokukhishwa kwamandla, ayimithombo yamandla engcono kakhulu yokushefa, ukulawulwa kwamaza, kanye nemithombo yamandla yokusekela ephuthumayo yesistimu yamandla. Adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwesistimu yamandla, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamandla, kanye nokuvimbela izingozi ukuthi zande. Angumthombo wamandla osezingeni eliphezulu kunamandla okushisa, amandla enuzi, ukuphehla ugesi we-photovoltaic, kanye neminye imithombo.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe kahle amandla kagesi emvelo, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokuphelele indawo ezungezile, amakhono obuchwepheshe, izici zenhlalo-zomnotho, kanye nokuphathwa kokusebenza ngaphambi kokwakha izakhiwo ze-hydraulic ezifana namadamu, amapayipi okuphambukisa amanzi, noma ama-culvert ezindaweni ezifanele zomfula ukulawula ukugeleza kwamanzi nokwandisa ikhanda lamanzi. Ngakho-ke, isigaba sokuqala sephrojekthi ngokuvamile siyinkimbinkimbi, sidinga utshalomali olukhulu, futhi sinesikhathi eside sokwakha, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla kuphezulu ngemva kokuqedwa.
Ngesikhathi sithuthukisa ugesi wamanzi, sivame ukucabangela ukusetshenziswa okuphelele kwemithombo yamanzi emifuleni, okuhlanganisa ukulawulwa kwezikhukhula, ukunisela, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi, ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi, ezokuvakasha, ukudoba, ukugawula imithi, kanye nezinzuzo zokufuywa kwezinhlanzi.
Ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngamanzi kuthintwa izinguquko ekugelezeni komfula, futhi kunomehluko omkhulu ekukhiqizweni kukagesi phakathi kwezinkathi zezikhukhula kanye nezomile. Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kweziteshi ezinkulu zikagesi ngamanzi kudinga ukwakhiwa kwamachibi amakhulu, angagcini nje ngokuphakamisa ikhanda lamanzi, kodwa futhi alawule umthamo wamanzi minyaka yonke (noma ngokwezinkathi, iminyaka eminingi), futhi axazulule ngokufanele inkinga yokukhiqizwa kukagesi okungalingani ngesikhathi sezinkathi zemvula nezomile.
Amandla kagesi asebenza ngamanzi adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekusekeleni intuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu yomnotho nomphakathi waseShayina. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka, ubuchwepheshe bamandla kagesi asebenza ngamanzi baseShayina bulokhu buhamba phambili emhlabeni, njengeDamu iThree Gorges, elaziwa ngokuthi “ingcebo yesizwe”. Amanye amaphrojekthi kagesi anamandla amakhulu, njengeXiluodu, iBaihetan, iWudongde, iXiangjiaba, iLongtan, iJinping II, neLaxiwa, anamandla amakhulu okufakwa emhlabeni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-18-2024
