Umgomo oyisisekelo wokukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi ukusebenzisa umehluko osekhanda lamanzi emzimbeni wamanzi ukukhiqiza ukuguqulwa kwamandla, okungukuthi, ukuguqula amandla amanzi agcinwe emifuleni, emachibini, olwandle nakwezinye izindawo zamanzi abe amandla kagesi. Izinto eziyinhloko ezithinta ukukhiqizwa kwamandla yizinga lokugeleza kanye nekhanda. Izinga lokugeleza libhekisela kumthamo wamanzi adlula endaweni ethile ngeyunithi yesikhathi, kuyilapho ikhanda lamanzi libhekisela emehlukweni wokuphakama, owaziwa nangokuthi ithonsi, lamanzi asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amandla.
Amandla amanzi angumthombo wamandla avuselelekayo. Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi ukusetshenziswa komjikelezo wemvelo we-hydrological, lapho amanzi egeleza esuka phezulu aye phansi endaweni yoMhlaba futhi akhiphe amandla. Ngenxa yokuthi umjikelezo we-hydrological ngokuvamile usekelwe kumjikelezo wonyaka, nakuba kukhona umehluko phakathi kweminyaka emanzi, iminyaka evamile, neminyaka eyomile, izici zomjikelezo womjikelezo zihlala zingashintshile. Ngakho-ke, inezici ezifanayo njengamandla elanga, amandla omoya, amandla olwandle, njll., futhi ingeyamandla avuselelekayo.
Amandla amanzi nawo angumthombo wamandla ahlanzekile. Amandla amanzi angamandla aphathekayo agcinwe ngokwemvelo emanzini, angashintshisi amakhemikhali, angadli uphethiloli, angakhiphi izinto eziyingozi, futhi angangcolisi indawo ezungezile ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa nokuguqulelwa amandla kagesi. Ngakho-ke, iwumthombo wamandla ahlanzekile.
Amayunithi aphehla amandla kagesi, ngenxa yokuvuleka nokuvala kwawo okuguquguqukayo nokulula, nokulungiswa okusheshayo kokukhishwa kwamandla, kuwukushefa okuphezulu kakhulu, ukulawulwa kwamafrikhwensi, kanye nemithombo yamandla eyisipele esiphuthumayo yohlelo lwamandla. Badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwesistimu yamandla, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamandla, nokuvimbela izingozi ekukhuleni. Ziwumthombo wamandla wekhwalithi ephezulu kunamandla ashisayo, amandla enuzi, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic, neminye imithombo.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo ugesi wemvelo ophehlwa ngamanzi, kuyadingeka ukuhlola kabanzi imvelo yemvelo, amandla ezobuchwepheshe, izici zenhlalo-mnotho, kanye nokuphathwa kokusebenza ngaphambi kokwakha izakhiwo ezisebenza ngamanzi njengamadamu, amapayipi okukhipha amanzi, noma ama-culverts ezindaweni ezifanele zomfula ukuze kulawulwe ukugeleza nokwandisa ikhanda lamanzi. Ngakho-ke, isigaba sokuqala sephrojekthi ngokuvamile siyinkimbinkimbi, sidinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu, futhi sinesikhathi eside sokwakha, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla kuphezulu ngemva kokuqedwa.
Ngenkathi sithuthukisa ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi, sivame ukucabangela ukusetshenziswa okuphelele kwemithombo yamanzi emfuleni, okuhlanganisa ukulawula izikhukhula, ukuchelela, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi, ukuthutha ngemikhumbi, ukuvakasha, ukudoba, ukugawulwa kwemithi, kanye nezinzuzo ze-aquaculture.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi kuphazanyiswa izinguquko ekugelezeni kwemifula, futhi kunomehluko omkhulu ekuphehleni kukagesi phakathi kwezikhukhula nezinkathi ezomile. Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kweziteshi ezinkulu zokuphehla ugesi kudinga ukwakhiwa kwamadamu amakhulu, angakwazi nje ukuphakamisa ikhanda lamanzi, kodwa futhi alawule umthamo wamanzi minyaka yonke (noma ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, iminyaka eminingi), futhi axazulule ngokufanelekile inkinga yokukhiqizwa kwamandla okungalingani phakathi nezinkathi ezimanzi nezomile.
Amandla kagesi wamanzi adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu yokusekela ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu yomnotho nomphakathi waseChina. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka, ubuchwepheshe baseChina obuphehlwa ngamanzi bebulokhu buhamba phambili emhlabeni, njengeDamu Lemigobho Emithathu, elaziwa ngokuthi “ingcebo yesizwe”. Amanye amaphrojekthi aphehlwa ngamanzi amakhulu, njenge-Xiluodu, i-Baihetan, i-Wudongde, i-Xiangjiaba, i-Longtan, i-Jinping II, ne-Laxiwa, anomthamo ophezulu ofakiwe emhlabeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-18-2024
