Izixazululo Zikagesi Eziqhubekayo Zokuxazulula Ukushoda Kukagesi Emazweni Ase-Afrika

Isingeniso

Ukufinyelela ugesi kusalokhu kuyinselele enkulu emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika. Naphezu kwemithombo yemvelo eminingi yezwekazi, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-600 e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara basantula ukufinyelela okuthembekile kugesi. Leli gebe lamandla liphazamisa ukukhula komnotho, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, imfundo, kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila iyonke. Phakathi kwezinketho ezahlukene zamandla avuselelekayo,amandla kagesiivelele njengesixazululo esizinzile, esingabizi kakhulu, nesingakwazi ukwandiswa sokuntuleka kukagesi e-Afrika.

Amandla kagesi wamanzi e-Afrika

I-Afrika iyikhaya leminye yemifula emikhulu emhlabeni kanye nezindawo ezinemvula enkulu. Izwekazi liphethe isilinganiso1,100 GWamandla kagesi wamanzi, kodwa ingxenye encane kuphela esetshenzisiwe. Izigodi zemifula ezibalulekile njengeNayile, iCongo, iZambezi, neNiger zinikeza amathuba amaningi okuthuthukiswa kwamandla kagesi amanzi okusimeme. Ngokuhlela kahle nokutshalwa kwezimali, lezi zinsiza zamanzi zingaba umgogodla wekusasa lamandla ahlanzekile e-Afrika.

Izinhlobo Zezixazululo Zamandla Kagesi E-Afrika

1. Izitshalo Ezincane Nezincane Zamanzi

Amandla kagesi amancane (afinyelela ku-10 MW) afanelekela izindawo zasemakhaya nezingaphandle kwegridi. Lezi zinhlelo zingahlinzeka ngogesi ezindaweni ezikude, ezikoleni, emitholampilo nasemapulazini ngaphandle komthelela omkhulu emvelweni.

Izinzuzo:

• Ingabizi futhi kulula ukuyinakekela

• Ukuthunyelwa okusheshayo

• Ikhuthaza ubunikazi bendawo nokudalwa kwemisebenzi

2. Amandla kagesi ageleza emfuleni

Izinhlelo zokusebenzisa imifula zikhiqiza ugesi ngaphandle kwamadamu amakhulu noma amadamu okugcina amanzi, okunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwemvelo. Lezi zifanele izindawo ezinokugeleza kwemifula okuhambisanayo.

Izinzuzo:

• Inobungani nemvelo

• Izindleko zokwakha nezokulungisa eziphansi

• Ithembekile ekukhiqizweni kwamandla ahlukaniswe

3. Amaphrojekthi Amakhulu Kagesi Wamanzi

Izitshalo ezinkulu zikagesi wamanzi ezifana ne-Idamu iGrand Ethiopian Renaissanceziyizibonelo zendlela ugesi wamanzi ongahlinzeka ngayo ngamandla okulayisha isisekelo ukuze unikeze amandla kuzo zonke izifunda noma amazwe.

Izinzuzo:

• Ukukhishwa kwamandla aphezulu

• Impilo yenkonzo ende

• Ukuzinza kwegridi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamandla kwesifunda

Izinto Ezicatshangelwayo Zokuzinza

Ugesi wamanzi, uma uphathwa kahle, ungomunye wemithombo yamandla esimeme kakhulu. Ukuqinisekisa izinzuzo zesikhathi eside:

• Ukuhlolwa komthelela emvelwenikufanele iqondise ukwakhiwa kwephrojekthi ukuze kuncishiswe umonakalo ezindaweni zemvelo.

• Ukuzibandakanya komphakathikubalulekile ekutholeni ukwesekwa nokuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla ngokulinganayo.

• Ukumelana nesimo sezulukumele kubhekwe, okuhlanganisa imiklamo evikela isomiso kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamanzi.

Izinzuzo Zezomnotho Nezenhlalo

Ukuthuthukisa ugesi wamanzi kungawuguqula kakhulu umnotho wase-Afrika ngokuthi:

• Ukunciphisa ukuncika kumajeneretha kadizili kanye namafutha angaphansi komhlaba angeniswa kwamanye amazwe

• Ukwehlisa izindleko zikagesi emakhaya nasemabhizinisini

• Ukuvumela ukukhula kwezimboni kanye nokuhweba ngamandla kwesifunda

• Ukudala imisebenzi yendawo kwezokwakha, ukusebenza, kanye nokulungisa

• Ukuthuthukisa ukufinyelela emfundweni nasekunakekelweni kwezempilo ngokusebenzisa ugesi wasemakhaya

Izinselele kanye nendlela eya phambili

Izinselele ezifana nokuxhaswa ngezimali, ukungazinzi kwezepolitiki, kanye namandla obuchwepheshe kunganciphisa ukuthunyelwa kukagesi ngamanzi. Kodwa-ke, ngokusekelwa ngamazwe ngamazwe, ukubambisana komphakathi kanye nezizimele, kanye nokubambisana kwesifunda, lezi zithiyo zinganqotshwa.

Ohulumeni base-Afrika, kanye namabhange entuthuko kanye nabatshalizimali abaluhlaza, kumele babeke phambili:

• Izinguquko zenqubomgomo ukuze kudonswe utshalomali

• Ukwakhiwa kwamakhono kanye nokudluliselwa kobuchwepheshe

• Ingqalasizinda ewela imingcele ukuxhumanisa amagridi kagesi

Isiphetho

Amandla kagesi asebenzisa amanzi ahlinzeka ngendlela enamandla yokuqeda ubumpofu bamandla e-Afrika ngenkathi esekela ukusimama kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko yezomnotho. Ngokusebenzisa imithombo yayo yamanzi eminingi kanye nokwamukela izixazululo zamandla kagesi asebenzisa amanzi ezihlakaniphile, eziqhutshwa ngumphakathi, i-Afrika ingakhanyisa ikusasa layo ngogesi ohlanzekile, ovuselelekayo, noqinile.