Imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo isiphenduke amandla ekufuneni kwethu ikusasa elisimeme nelinobungani bemvelo. Phakathi kwale mithombo, i-hydropower, enye yezinhlobo zamandla avuselelekayo ezindala kakhulu nezithembekile, yenza ukubuya okumangalisayo. Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokukhathazeka okukhulayo kwezemvelo, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngamanzi sekulungele ukudlala indima ebalulekile ekushintsheni kumandla okuhlanza.
Ukuqalwa kabusha kwe-Hydropower
Amandla kagesi, noma amandla kagesi ngamanzi, asebenzisa amandla amanzi agelezayo ukuze akhiqize ugesi. Ngokomlando, bekulokhu kuwumthombo wamandla obalulekile emazweni amaningi. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, ibhekane nokuncintisana okuvela kweminye imithombo evuselelekayo, njengamandla elanga nomoya. Manje, sekunentshisekelo evuselelwe ku-hydropower ngenxa yezinto ezimbalwa:
Ukungaguquguquki Nokwethenjelwa: I-Hydropower inikeza umthombo wamandla oqhubekayo nothembekile. Ngokungafani nelanga nomoya, okuyizikhawu, amandla kagesi anganikeza ukutholakala kukagesi okuqhubekayo.
Isitoreji Samandla: I-Hydropower ingasebenza njengendlela esebenzayo yokugcina amandla. Ugesi oweqile okhiqizwa ngezikhathi zesidingo esiphansi ungasetshenziswa ukumpompa amanzi aye endaweni ephakeme, nokudala amandla angaba namandla angakhululwa lapho kudingeka.
Izinzuzo Zendawo Ezungezile: Nakuba ukwakhiwa kwamadamu namadamu okuphehla amandla ngamanzi kungase kube nomthelela emvelweni, ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokuhlanzekile futhi okunobungani nemvelo kunezinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi. Ubuchwepheshe obusha buklanyelwe ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwemvelo.
Amathuba Ezomnotho: Ukuvuselelwa kukagesi ophehlwa ngamanzi kudala amathuba emisebenzi ekwakhiweni, ekulungiseni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezikhungo zokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi, okugqugquzela ukukhula komnotho.
Intuthuko Yezobuchwepheshe
Ukuvela kabusha kwamandla kagesi akuyona nje indaba yokulangazelela; isekelwa yizinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe eziyenza isebenze kahle futhi ihambisane nemvelo. Ezinye zentuthuko ezibalulekile zihlanganisa:
I-Small-Scale Hydropower: Amasistimu aphehla ugesi amancane manje aseyatholakala ukuze akhiqize ugesi endaweni. Lezi zinhlelo zingafakwa emifuleni emincane nemifudlana, okuvumela ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ahlanzekile ezindaweni ezikude.
Ukusebenza kahle kwe-turbine: Imiklamo ethuthukisiwe ye-turbine ikhulise kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamandla. Lawa ma-turbines angathwebula amandla emanzini ngamanani okugeleza aphansi, awenze afaneleke kakhulu kuhlu olubanzi lwezindawo.
Ukunciphisa Imvelo: Onjiniyela bazibophezela ngokwandayo ekwehliseni umthelela wemvelo wamaphrojekthi aphehlwa ngamanzi. Imiklamo ye-turbine elungele izinhlanzi kanye nezitebhisi zezinhlanzi kuhlanganiswa ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yasemanzini.
I-Pumped Storage Hydropower: Izikhungo zokuphehla amandla kagesi we-Pumped storage zithola ukuduma. Lezi zinhlelo zigcina amandla asele ngokumpompa amanzi ekukhuphukeni ngezikhathi zesidingo esiphansi bese ewadedela ukuze akhiqize ugesi ngesikhathi sokudingeka kakhulu.
Izinyathelo Zomhlaba Wonke
Emhlabeni jikelele, amazwe amukela amandla kagesi njengesixazululo samandla esimeme:
I-China: I-China iyikhaya lomthamo omkhulu wamandla ophehlwa ngamanzi emhlabeni. Iyaqhubeka nokutshala imali ekwandiseni ingqalasizinda yayo yokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezikhulayo zamandla kuyilapho inciphisa ukuthembela kwayo emalahleni.
E-Norway: I-Norway, iphayona ku-hydropower, isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bayo ukuthumela izixazululo zamandla ahlanzekile emazweni angomakhelwane.
EBrazil: IBrazil ithembele kakhulu kumandla ophehlwa ngamanzi, futhi izwe lisebenzela ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokusimama kwezindawo zalo ezikhona zokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi.
E-United States: I-US nayo ibona ukuvela kabusha kwamandla kagesi, ngezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa izakhiwo ezikhona kanye nokwakha ezintsha ukuze kusekelwe imigomo yamandla ahlanzekile.
Izinselele Nokukhathazeka
Naphezu kwezinzuzo zako eziningi, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngamanzi kunezinselelo zakho:
Umthelela Emvelweni: Amadamu amakhulu angaphazamisa imvelo yasendaweni, aphazamise impilo yasemanzini kanye nezindawo ezihlala emifuleni. Lokhu kuholele ekukhathazekeni ngomthelela wemvelo wokuphehlwa kwamanzi.
Amasayithi Afaneleka Kancane: Akuzona zonke izifunda ezinemifula efanelekile kanye nesimo sezulu sokukhiqiza ugesi ngamanzi, okukhawulela ukutholwa kwawo okusabalele.
Izindleko Zangaphambili: Ukwakha izindawo zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi kungabiza futhi kudle isikhathi, okungase kuvimbe izifunda ezithile ekutshaleni imali kulobu buchwepheshe.
Ikusasa Lamandla Amanzi
Njengoba umhlaba uya ngokuya uphendukela emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo, amandla kagesi azodlala indima ebalulekile ekufezeni izinjongo zokusimama. Ngokwamukela intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nesibopho sezemvelo, amandla kagesi anekusasa elithembisayo njengomthombo wamandla ohlanzekile, onokwethenjelwa, futhi ophumelelayo. Ngokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuhlela ngokucophelela, amandla kagesi angaqhubeka nokuba yingxenye ebalulekile yezwe lamandla omhlaba, okusiqhubela ekusaseni eliluhlaza nelizinzile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-25-2023
