Njengoba ukuphishekela umhlaba wonke amandla esimeme kuya kuphuthuma, amandla kagesi, njengesixazululo esithembekile samandla avuselelekayo, adlala indima ebalulekile. Ayigcini nje ngokuba nomlando omude, kodwa futhi inesikhundla esibalulekile endaweni yesimanje yamandla. Izimiso zokuphehlwa ngamanzi Umgomo oyisisekelo wokuphehlwa ngamanzi ukusebenzisa umehluko wezinga lamanzi ukuze ukhiqize ugesi ngejeneretha ephehla ugesi. Lapho amanzi egeleza esuka phezulu eya phansi, amandla angaba khona aqukethwe kuwo aguqulwa abe amandla e-kinetic ukuze ashayele i-turbine ukuthi ijikeleze.
I-turbine ibe isishayela i-rotor yejeneretha ukuthi ijikeleze, futhi ngokomgomo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic, amandla okusebenza kagesi akhiqizwa ekujikeni kwe-stator yejeneretha, ngaleyo ndlela ekhipha amandla kagesi. Le nqubo yokuguqula kahle amandla amanzi abe amandla kagesi iyindlela ewumgogodla yokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi. Izinzuzo Zokuvuselela Ugesi Wamanzi Amanzi awumthombo wemvelo ojikeleza ngokungapheli emhlabeni.
Ngomjikelezo wemvelo we-hydrological, imithombo yamanzi ingagcwaliswa ngokuqhubekayo. Uma nje imisebe yelanga ikhona, umjikelezo wamanzi uzoqhubeka, futhi ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngamanzi kungaqhubeka, kuwenze umthombo wamandla avuselelekayo ongashi futhi ongashi. Ngokungafani ne-fossil energy, ngeke ibhekane nengozi yokuncipha ngenxa yokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Kuhlanzekile futhi kuhambisana nemvelo Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphehla ugesi, ukuphehlwa kukagesi ngamanzi akukhiqizi cishe ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhiqizwa kwamandla kaphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi njengamalahle namafutha, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngamanzi kugwema inani elikhulu lezinto ezingcolisa umoya ezifana ne-carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nama-nitrogen oxide akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusha, okubaluleke kakhulu ekudambiseni ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lomoya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ayikhiqizi imfucumfucu eqinile, ayingcolisi inhlabathi nemithombo yamanzi, futhi ubungane bayo nendawo ezungezile iyabonakala. Ukuzinza nokuthembeka Iziteshi zikagesi we-Hydropower zingalungisa kalula ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngokwezidingo zegridi yamandla. Ngezikhathi zokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kungakhushulwa ngokushesha ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo samandla; ngezikhathi eziphansi zokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukuphehlwa kukagesi kungancishiswa futhi imithombo yamanzi ingagcinwa. Leli khono elihle lokulawula umthwalo wenza ukuphehlwa kukagesi ngamanzi kube ukwesekwa okubalulekile kokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesistimu yamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impilo yesevisi yamayunithi we-hydropower yinde, ukusebenza kuzinzile, futhi izindleko zokunakekelwa ziphansi, okuthuthukisa ngokwengeziwe ukuthembeka kwayo. Izinzuzo Ezibanzi Ngaphezu komsebenzi wokuphehla ugesi, ukwakhiwa kweziteshi zokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi kuvame ukuletha izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa ukulawulwa kwezikhukhula, ukuchelela, ukuthunyelwa ngemikhumbi, nokuphakelwa kwamanzi.
Amadamu angagcina amanzi engeziwe ngenkathi yezimvula ukunciphisa usongo lwezikhukhula ezindaweni ezansi nomfula; ngenkathi eyomile, amanzi angakhululwa ukuze ahlangabezane nokuchelela kwezolimo kanye nezidingo zamanzi asekhaya. Thuthukisa izimo zokuzulazula zemifula futhi ukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kokuthuthwa kwamanzi. Isimo samanje sokuthuthukiswa kukagesi ngamanzi Njengamanje, amandla afakiwe okukhiqiza ugesi ngamanzi ayaqhubeka nokukhula. Amazwe amaningi enze ukuphehlwa kukagesi ngamanzi kwaba insimu ebalulekile yamandla ukuze kuthuthukiswe. Isibonelo, i-China yenze impumelelo emangalisayo ekuphehleni kukagesi ngamanzi. Njengesiteshi sikagesi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, i-Three Gorges Hydropower Station inomthamo omkhulu ofakiwe futhi ihlinzeka ngenani elikhulu likagesi ohlanzekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe umnotho wezwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngamanzi eBrazil, eCanada, e-United States nakwamanye amazwe nakho kuthatha ingxenye ebalulekile esakhiweni samandla. Nokho, ukuthuthukiswa kokuphehlwa kukagesi ngamanzi nakho kubhekene nezinselelo ezithile.
Ukwakhiwa kweziteshi ezinkulu zokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi kungase kube nomthelela othile endaweni ezungezile, njengokushintsha i-ecosystem yomfula kanye nokukhinyabeza ukufuduka kwezinhlanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinkinga ezifana nezindleko eziphezulu zokwakha kanye nemijikelezo emide yokutshala izimali nazo zikhawulele isivinini sayo sokuthuthukiswa ngezinga elithile. Nokho, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokunaka okwandayo ekuvikelweni kwemvelo, lezi zinkinga ziyaxazululeka kancane kancane. Amathemba esikhathi esizayo Ngokukhula kwesidingo samandla esimeme emhlabeni wonke, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngamanzi kuzoletha indawo ebanzi yentuthuko. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokusekelwe eziteshini ezikhona eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi, ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye noguquko, ukusebenza kahle kokuphehla ugesi kungathuthukiswa futhi amandla angaphinde asetshenziswe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaphrojekthi kagesi amancane namancane azophinde athole ukunakwa nokuthuthukiswa okwengeziwe. Zifanele izindawo eziqhelile kanye nemiphakathi emincane futhi zingahlinzeka ngokunikezwa kwamandla ahlanzekile ezindaweni zendawo. Ukwengeza, kuphinde kube yisiqondiso esibalulekile sentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo ukuhlanganisa amandla aphehlwa ngamanzi neminye imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo njengamandla elanga namandla omoya ukuze kuphehlwe ugesi ohambisanayo futhi kwakhiwe uhlelo lwamandla oluzinzile futhi olusebenza kahle.
I-Hydropower ngokungangabazeki ingumholi phakathi kwezixazululo zamandla avuselelekayo ezinokwethenjelwa kanye nezinzuzo zayo zokuvuseleleka, ukuhlanzeka nokunobungani kwemvelo, ukuzinza nokwethembeka, nokuba nezinzuzo ezibalulekile ezibanzi. Naphezu kwezinselelo ezithile, izoqhubeka nokugqama esigabeni samandla esikhathini esizayo ngokusungula izinto ezintsha eziqhubekayo nokuthuthukisa, futhi yenze umnikelo omkhulu ekuguquleni amandla omhlaba kanye nentuthuko esimeme. Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi incazelo ye-athikili yezinzuzo nesimo sokuthuthukiswa kwamandla kagesi icacile futhi inamandla? Uma kunendlela okumele yengezwe noma ilungiswe, ngicela ungazise.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-26-2025
