Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kwesidingo samandla emhlabeni wonke, ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene bokukhiqiza amandla buthuthuka kancane kancane futhi bukhula. Amandla ashisayo, amandla aphehlwa ngamanzi, amandla omoya, nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ugesi we-photovoltaic kudlale indima ebalulekile embonini yamandla. Lesi sihloko sizoqhathanisa ngokuphelele izinzuzo nezingozi zobuchwepheshe bokuphehla ugesi njengamandla ashisayo, amandla kagesi, amandla omoya, kanye ne-photovoltaic ngokwemibono ehlukene, ukuze kuhlinzekwe ireferensi ukuze abantu baqonde kangcono futhi bakhethe izindlela zokuphehla ugesi ezifanele izidingo zabo.
1. Amandla ashisayo
1. Izinzuzo:
Amandla ashisayo njengamanje angenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokukhiqiza amandla emhlabeni jikelele. Izinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa:
(1) Izindleko eziphansi zokusebenza: Izindleko zokwakha nokusebenza kwezimboni eziphehla amandla ashisayo ziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli kuzinzile futhi kuthembekile.
(2) Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokuphehla amandla: Izitshalo zamandla ashisayo zivame ukuba namandla aphezulu okukhiqiza amandla, ezingasebenzisa ngokugcwele amandla okushisa akhiqizwa ukusha futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla.
(3) Ukulungiswa okuqinile: Izitshalo zamandla ashisayo zinokulungiswa okuqinile futhi zingalungisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ngokuvumelana nezinguquko zomthwalo.
2. Okubi:
Amandla ashisayo akuyona indlela ephelele yokukhiqiza ugesi, futhi anezihibe ezilandelayo:
(1) Ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide ephezulu: Ukushiswa kwamalahle noma uwoyela nezinye izinto ezibaswayo ezikhungweni eziphehla amandla ashisayo kungakhiqiza inani elikhulu lamagesi abamba ukushisa njenge-carbon dioxide, okubhebhethekisa izinkinga zokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke.
(2) Ukushoda kwezisetshenziswa zikaphethiloli: Imithombo yamandla ashisayo endabuko njengamalahle anezinqolobane ezilinganiselwe, izindleko eziphezulu zokukhipha, futhi ingaba nomthelela omubi endaweni ezungezile.
(3) Ukungcoliswa komoya okukhulu: Inqubo yokushiswa kwezitshalo eziphehla amandla ashisayo ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lamagesi ayingozi njengama-nitrogen oxide kanye ne-sulphur dioxide, ethinta kakhulu izinga lomoya.
2. Amandla kagesi
1. Izinzuzo:
I-Hydropower iyindlela ehlanzekile nevuselelekayo yokuphehla ugesi enalezi zinzuzo ezilandelayo:
(1) Akukho kungcola: Izitshalo ezisebenza ngamanzi aziwakhiqizi amagesi abamba ukushisa njengesikhutha, futhi ukungcoliswa kwazo kwendawo ezungezile kulinganiselwe kakhulu.
(2) Amandla Avuselelekayo: I-Hydropower iguqula amandla okugeleza kwamanzi abe ugesi, futhi inqubo yokujikeleza kwamanzi ingabuyekezwa ngokungenamkhawulo ngaphandle kokuncipha, okwenza amandla aqhubeke.
(3) Ikhono lokulawula eliqinile: Izitshalo zikagesi zinamandla okulawula amandla futhi zingalungisa ukuphuma kukagesi kuye ngokwesidingo.
2. Okubi:
Nakuba i-hydropower inezinzuzo eziyingqayizivele, futhi inezihibe ezilandelayo:
(1) Imithombo yamanzi ilinganiselwe: Iziteshi eziphehla amandla kagesi zidinga inani elikhulu lemithombo yamanzi, kodwa ukusatshalaliswa kwemithombo yamanzi akulingani, futhi ezinye izindawo zingase zibhekane nenkinga yokuncipha kwemithombo yamanzi.
(2) Umthelela wemvelo kanye nemvelo: Ukwakhiwa kweziteshi ezinkulu zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi kungase kudinge izikhukhula zezindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba, kulimaze indawo ezungezile, futhi kuholele ekuncipheni kwenani labantu basemanzini.
(3) Utshalomali olukhulu lobunjiniyela: Isikali sokwakhiwa kweziteshi zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi sikhulu uma kuqhathaniswa, sidinga ukutshalwa kwezimali konjiniyela okuphezulu.
3. Amandla omoya
1. Izinzuzo:
Eminyakeni yamuva, ubuchwepheshe bamandla omoya buye bathuthuka ngokushesha, ngezinzuzo ezihlanganisa:
(1) Amandla ahlanzekile: Amandla omoya angumthombo wamandla ahlanzekile futhi avuselelekayo angakhiqizi izinto ezingcolisayo namagesi abamba ukushisa.
(2) Amandla avuselelekayo: Amandla omoya angumthombo wamandla angapheli aphehla ugesi ngokuzungezisa izinjini zomoya futhi cishe awapheli.
(3) Ukuguquguquka okuqinile kwesifunda: Amandla omoya angakhiwa ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, ezisemadolobheni, ezindaweni zasemaphandleni nasezisogwini, ngokuguquguquka okuqinile kwesifunda.
2. Okubi:
Ubuchwepheshe bamandla omoya bubuye bube nezihibe ezilandelayo:
(1) Ukungazinzi: Ukungaqini kwamandla omoya kuholela ekuthembekeni okuncane kokukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya, okuwenza angafaneleki njengomthombo wamandla oyisisekelo.
(2) Umsindo nokungcoliswa okubonakalayo: Izinjini zomoya zibanga umsindo ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi ubuhle bamaturbine omoya ngokuvamile bubangela impikiswano.
(3) Izindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza nokugcinwa kwazo: Ama-turbines omoya adinga ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa njalo, okuholela ezindlekweni eziphakeme zokusebenza nokulungisa.
4. Ukukhiqiza amandla e-Photovoltaic
1. Izinzuzo:
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-Photovoltaic kuwuhlobo lwendlela yokukhiqiza amandla esebenzisa amandla elanga ukuguqula amandla elanga abe amandla kagesi. Izinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa:
(1) Amandla ahlanzekile: Amandla elanga, njengomthombo wamandla ahlanzekile, awakhiqizi ukungcola namagesi abamba ukushisa ekukhiqizeni amandla e-photovoltaic.
(2) Amandla avuselelekayo: Amandla elanga angumthombo wamandla ongapheli ongasebenzisa ngokugcwele imisebe yelanga ngaphandle kokuncipha.
(3) Izindleko zokugcinwa okuphansi: Izinhlelo zokukhiqiza amandla e-Photovoltaic zinezindleko eziphansi zokulondoloza futhi zidinga kuphela ukuhlanzwa okuvamile kwamamojula we-photovoltaic.
2. Okubi:
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-Photovoltaic nakho kunezihibe ezilandelayo:
(1) Imikhawulo yezimo zokukhanya kwelanga: Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kuyazwela ezimweni zokukhanya kwelanga, futhi akukwazi ukukhiqiza ugesi esimweni sezulu sezulu kanye nasebusuku. Impahla yokugcina amandla noma eminye imithombo yamandla eyengeziwe idinga ukuhlonyiswa.
(2) Ubuningi bamandla aphansi: Ubuningi bamandla okukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic buphansi kakhulu, budinga izindawo ezinkulu zamamojula we-photovoltaic ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezinkulu zamandla.
(3) Ukungcola okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza: Ezinye izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwamamojula we-photovoltaic zingabangela ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Isiphetho:
Amandla ashisayo, amandla aphehlwa ngamanzi, amandla omoya, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic konke kunezinzuzo kanye nokubi. Ukukhetha indlela efanelekile yokuphehla amandla kufanele kubhekisise izici eziningi ezifana nezindleko zamandla, imithelela yemvelo, nezimo zesifunda. Ekuthuthukisweni kwamandla esikhathini esizayo, kufanele kwenziwe imizamo yokwandisa ucwaningo nokusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, kuthuthukiswe ukonga kwamandla, futhi kancane kancane kuncishiswe ukuthembela emafutheni endabuko ezinto ezimbiwa phansi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-30-2024
