Muva nje, amazwe amaningi aphakamise ngokulandelana imigomo yawo yokuthuthukisa amandla avuselelekayo. E-Europe, i-Italy ikhulise umgomo wayo wokuthuthukisa amandla avuselelekayo wafinyelela ku-64% ngo-2030. Ngokohlelo lwase-Italy olusha olubuyekeziwe lwesimo sezulu namandla, ngo-2030, umgomo wase-Italy ovuselelekayo ofakwe amandla okuthuthukisa amandla azokwenyuswa ukusuka ku-kilowatts wezigidi ezingu-80 kuya ku-131 million kilowatts, ne-photovoltaic namandla omoya afakwe amandla angu-7 million kilowatt angu-200000000. ngokulandelana. I-Portugal ikhuphule izinga layo lokuthuthukisa amandla avuselelekayo lafinyelela ku-56% ngo-2030. Ngokuvumelana nalokho okulindelwe uhulumeni wasePutukezi, umgomo wokuthuthukiswa kwamandla ovuselelekayo wezwe uzokwenyuka usuka ku-27.4 million kilowatts uye ku-42.8 million kilowatts ngo-2030. futhi okuhlosiwe kokufakwa kwamaseli e-electrolytic kuzonyuswa kube ama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezi-5.5. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo ePortugal kulindeleke ukuthi kudinge ukutshalwa kwezimali kwama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-75, uxhaso luvela ikakhulukazi emkhakheni ozimele.
EMpumalanga Ephakathi, i-United Arab Emirates isanda kumemezela isu layo lakamuva lamandla kazwelonke, elihlela ukuphinda kabili ukukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo ngo-2030. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izwe lizotshala imali elinganiselwa ku-$ 54.44 billion kumandla avuselelekayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo samandla esikhulayo ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu. Leli su lihlanganisa nesu elisha likazwelonke lamandla e-hydrogen kanye nokusungulwa kwenethiwekhi kazwelonke yesiteshi sokushaja izimoto zikagesi, kanye nezinqubomgomo zokulawula imakethe yezimoto zikagesi.
E-Asia, uhulumeni wase-Vietnamese usanda kugunyaza uhlelo lwesishiyagalombili lokuthuthukisa amandla e-Vietnam (PDP8). I-PDP8 ihlanganisa uhlelo lokuthuthukisa ugesi lwase-Vietnam kuze kufike ku-2030 kanye nokubukeka kwayo kuze kufike ku-2050. Mayelana namandla avuselelekayo, i-PDP 8 ibikezela ukuthi ingxenye yokukhiqiza amandla avuselelekayo izofinyelela ku-30.9% kuya ku-39.2% ngo-2030, kanye no-67.5% kuya ku-71.5% nge-IP22 ye-IP, i-IP22 ye-Vietnam kanye ne-20 December 22 Iqembu Lobambiswano Lamazwe Ngamazwe) likhiphe isitatimende esihlanganyelwe “Ngobambiswano Lokuguquguquka Kwamandla Alungile”. Eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu ezayo, iVietnam izothola okungenani amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-15.5, azosetshenziselwa ukusiza iVietnam ekusheshiseni inguquko yayo isuka emalahleni iye emandleni ahlanzekile. I-PDP 8 iphakamisa ukuthi uma "i-Fair Energy Transition Partnership" isetshenziswa ngokugcwele, ingxenye yokukhiqiza amandla avuselelekayo eVietnam izofinyelela ku-47% ngo-2030. UMnyango Wezomnotho WaseMalaysia umemezele isibuyekezo emigomeni yayo yokuvuselela amandla avuselelekayo, okuhloswe ngayo ukulandisa mayelana ne-70% yesakhiwo sikagesi kazwelonke ngo-2050 oda isithiyo sokuhweba kabusha. Umgomo wokuthuthukisa amandla avuselelekayo owabekwa yi-Malaysia ngo-2021 uwukubalela u-40% wesakhiwo sikagesi. Lesi sibuyekezo sisho ukuthi umthamo wamandla avuselelekayo afakiwe wezwe uzokwenyuka ngokuphindwe kashumi kusukela ngo-2023 kuya ku-2050. UMnyango Wezomnotho waseMalaysia uthe ukuze kufezwe imigomo emisha yentuthuko, kudingeka ukutshalwa kwezimali okungaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-143 zamadola aseMelika, okuhlanganisa nengqalasizinda yegridi, ukuhlanganiswa kohlelo lokugcina amandla, kanye nezindleko zokusebenza kwesistimu yenethiwekhi.
Ngokombono womhlaba wonke, amazwe aya ngokuya ekwazisa futhi ngokuqhubekayo andisa utshalomali lwawo emkhakheni wamandla avuselelekayo, futhi umfutho wokukhula emikhakheni ehlobene uyabonakala. Engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, iJalimane yengeze irekhodi lama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingu-8 womthamo ofakiwe welanga nomoya. Eqhutshwa umoya wasogwini kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga, amandla avuselelekayo ahlangabezana nama-52% wesidingo sikagesi waseJalimane. Ngokohlelo lwangaphambili lwamandla e-Germany, ngo-2030, u-80% wamandla ayo azotholakala emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo efana nelanga, umoya, i-biomass, kanye namandla aphehlwa ngamanzi.
Ngokombiko wakamuva ovela ku-International Energy Agency, ukwenyuka kokusekelwa kwenqubomgomo, ukukhuphuka kwamanani kaphethiloli wezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi, kanye nokwanda kokunaka ezindabeni zokuvikela amandla kuqhuba ukuthunyelwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic nawomoya. Imboni yamandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi isheshise intuthuko ngo-2023, amandla amasha afakiwe okulindeleke ukuthi akhule cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu unyaka nonyaka, ngokufakwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic nawomoya athola ukukhula okukhulu kakhulu. Ngo-2024, umthamo ofakwe emhlabeni wonke ovuselelekayo kulindeleke ukuthi ukhuphuke ufinyelele ku-4.5 billion kilowatts, futhi lokhu kwanda okunamandla kwenzeka ezimakethe ezinkulu emhlabeni wonke, okuhlanganisa i-Europe, i-United States, i-India ne-China. I-International Energy Agency ibikezela ukuthi amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-380 ekutshalweni kwezimali emhlabeni jikelele azongena emkhakheni wamandla elanga kulo nyaka, okudlula ukutshalwa kwezimali emkhakheni kawoyela okokuqala ngqa. Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2024, amandla okukhiqiza embonini ye-photovoltaic azoba ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili. Ngaphezu kokwakhiwa kweziteshi ezinkulu zamandla e-photovoltaic ezifundeni eziningi emhlabeni jikelele, amasistimu amancane okukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic nawo abonisa inkambiso yokukhula ngokushesha. Emkhakheni wamandla omoya, njengoba amaphrojekthi kagesi omoya ayebambezeleke phambilini phakathi nalolu bhubhane eqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya emhlabeni wonke kuzophinde kukhuphuke kakhulu kulo nyaka, ngokukhula konyaka nonyaka cishe ngama-70%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zamandla avuselelekayo ezifana nokukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga nomoya ziya ngokuya ziba phansi, futhi amazwe amaningi ayaqaphela ukuthi ukuthuthukisa amandla avuselelekayo akuzuzi nje kuphela ukubhekana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kodwa futhi kunikeza izixazululo ezibalulekile zokubhekana nezinkinga zokuphepha kwamandla.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kusenegebe elikhulu ekutshalweni kwezimali kwamandla esimeme emazweni asathuthuka. Selokhu kwamukelwa Isivumelwano saseParis ngowezi-2015, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamazwe ngamazwe kumandla avuselelekayo sekucishe kwaphindeka kabili ngowezi-2022, kodwa iningi lakhona ligxile emazweni athuthukile. Ngomhla zi-5 kuJulayi, iNgqungquthela YeZizwe Ezihlangene Yezohwebo Nentuthuko yakhipha Umbiko Wokutshalwa Kwezimali Womhlaba ka-2023, owabonisa ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni wonke ngo-2022 kubonise ukusebenza okuqinile, kodwa kusadinga ukuthuthukiswa. Igebe lokutshalwa kwezimali ezinhlosweni zentuthuko esimeme lifinyelele ngaphezu kwezigidigidi ezi-4 zamarandi ngonyaka. Emazweni asathuthuka, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwawo kumandla esimeme kusilele ngemuva kokukhula kwesidingo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi amazwe asathuthuka adinga cishe ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.7 ekutshalweni kwamandla kagesi avuselelekayo minyaka yonke, kodwa aheha kuphela amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-544 ngo-2022. I-International Energy Agency nayo izwakalise umbono ofanayo embikweni wayo wezi-2023 woMbiko Wokutshalwa Kwezamandla Womhlaba wonke, isho ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamandla ahlanzekile emhlabeni wonke akulingani, negebe elikhulu lokutshalwa kwezimali livela ezimakethe ezisafufusa nasemazweni asathuthuka. Uma la mazwe engasheshisi ukushintshela kumandla ahlanzekile, isimo samandla omhlaba wonke sizobhekana nezikhala ezintsha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-29-2023
