Izinzuzo zamandla kagesi
1. Ukuvuselelwa kwamandla amanzi
Amandla amanzi avela emanzini emvelo agelezayo, akhiwa ikakhulukazi igesi yemvelo nokujikeleza kwamanzi. Ukujikeleza kwamanzi kwenza amandla amanzi avuseleleke futhi asetshenziswe kabusha, ngakho amandla amanzi abizwa ngokuthi "amandla avuselelekayo". "Amandla avuselelekayo" anesikhundla esiyingqayizivele ekwakhiweni kwamandla.
2. Imithombo yamanzi ingasetshenziswa ngokuphelele
Amandla kagesi asebenzisa amandla okugeleza kwamanzi kuphela futhi awawadli amanzi. Ngakho-ke, imithombo yamanzi ingasetshenziswa ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kokuphehla ugesi, bangazuza futhi ekulawuleni izikhukhula, ukuchelela, ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi, ukufuywa kwezilwane zasemanzini, ezokuvakasha nokunye, futhi benze intuthuko enezinjongo eziningi.
3. Ukulawulwa kwamandla amanzi
Amandla kagesi awakwazi ukugcinwa, futhi ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kuqedwa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Amandla amanzi angagcinwa endaweni yokugcina amanzi, ekhiqizwa ngokuvumelana nezidingo zesistimu yamandla. I-reservoir ilingana nendawo yokugcina amandla yesistimu yamandla. Ukulawulwa kwe-reservoir kuthuthukisa amandla okulawula wesistimu yamandla ekulayisheni, futhi kwandisa ukuthembeka nokuguquguquka kokunikezwa kwamandla.
4. Ukubuyiselwa emuva kokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi
Amanzi asezindaweni eziphakeme angaholelwa enjinini yamanzi ezindaweni eziphansi ukuze kuphehlwe ugesi, futhi amandla amanzi angaguqulwa abe amandla kagesi; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umzimba wamanzi osezingeni eliphansi uzomunca amandla kagesi wesistimu yamandla ngokusebenzisa iphampu kagesi bese uyithumela endaweni yokugcina amanzi endaweni ephakeme yokugcina, okuzoguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla amanzi. Ukusebenzisa ukubuyisela emuva ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi ukuze kwakhiwe iziteshi zikagesi ezimpontshwayo kunendima eyingqayizivele ekuthuthukiseni umthamo wokulawula umthwalo wesistimu yamandla.
5. Ukuguquguquka kokusebenza kweyunithi
Iyunithi yokukhiqiza amandla kagesi ilula, iyaguquguquka futhi inokwethenjelwa, futhi kulula kakhulu ukukhulisa noma ukunciphisa umthwalo. Ingaqalwa ngokushesha noma imiswe ngokwezidingo zabasebenzisi, futhi kulula ukuyibona i-automation. Ifaneleka kakhulu ukwenza imisebenzi yokushefa okuphezulu kanye nokushintsha izikhathi zohlelo lwamandla, kanye nokulinda izimo eziphuthumayo, ukulungisa umthwalo kanye neminye imisebenzi, engakhuphula ukwethembeka kwesistimu yamandla, nezinzuzo ezivelele eziguqukayo. Isiteshi samandla kagesi siwumthwalo oyinhloko womthwalo oguquguqukayo wesistimu yamandla.
6. Izindleko eziphansi nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi akuwudli uphethiloli futhi akudingi inani elikhulu labasebenzi kanye nezinsiza ezitshalwe ezimayini nasekuthuthweni kukaphethiloli. Imishini ilula, inama-opharetha ambalwa, amandla asizayo amancane, impilo ende yesevisi yemishini, kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza nezokulungisa. Ngakho-ke, izindleko zokukhiqizwa kukagesi eziteshini eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi ziphansi, yi-1/5~1/8 kuphela yaleyo yeziteshi zikagesi ezishisayo, futhi izinga lokusebenzisa amandla eziteshini zikagesi liphezulu, lifinyelela ku-85%, kuyilapho ukusebenza kahle kokushiswa kwamalahle eziteshini zikagesi ezishisayo cishe kungama-40%.
7. Kuyasiza ekwenzeni ngcono indawo ezungezile
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi akuyingcolisi imvelo. Indawo enkulu yamanzi echibini ilawula i-microclimate yesifunda, ilungisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamanzi ngokwesikhashana nendawo, futhi isiza ukuthuthukisa imvelo yezindawo ezizungezile. Kodwa-ke, izimboni zamandla asetshenziswa ngamalahle zidinga ukukhipha cishe u-30Kg we-SO2 ngethani lamalahle aluhlaza, kanye nothuli olungaphezu kuka-30Kg. Ngokwezibalo zezikhungo zamandla kagesi eziphehlwa ngamalahle ezingu-50 ezinkulu nezimaphakathi ezweni, u-90% wezitshalo zikagesi zikhipha okungaphezu kuka-860mg/m3 we-SO2, okuyinto embi kakhulu. Namuhla, kunakwa ngokwengeziwe izinkinga zomhlaba ezithinta imvelo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusheshisa ukwakhiwa kwamandla aphehlwa ngamanzi futhi kwandiswe ingxenye yamandla aphehlwa ngamanzi e-China ukuze kuncishiswe ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Ukungalungi kwamandla kagesi
Utshalomali olukhulu lwesikhathi esisodwa - umsebenzi omkhulu womhlaba kanye nemisebenzi ekhonkolo yokwakhiwa kweziteshi zokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi; Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzodala ukulahlekelwa okukhulu, futhi izindleko ezinkulu zokuhlaliswa kabusha kufanele kukhokhwe; Isikhathi sokwakha futhi side kunokwakhiwa kwesikhungo samandla ashisayo, esithinta inzuzo yemali yokwakha. Ngisho noma okunye ukutshalwa kwezimali kumaphrojekthi okonga amanzi kwabelwa iminyango ehlomulayo, ukutshalwa kwezimali nge-kilowatt ngayinye yamandla aphehlwa ngamanzi kuphezulu kakhulu kunaleyo yamandla ashisayo. Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni okuzayo, ukonga kwezindleko zokusebenza konyaka kuzonxeshezelwa unyaka nonyaka. Isikhathi esiphezulu esivumelekile sesinxephezelo sihlobene nezinga lentuthuko likazwelonke kanye nenqubomgomo yamandla. Uma isikhathi sesinxephezelo singaphansi kwenani elivumelekile, kunengqondo ukukhulisa umthamo ofakiwe wesiteshi sokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi.
Ingozi yokwehluleka - ngenxa yezikhukhula, idamu livimba amanzi amaningi, izinhlekelele zemvelo, umonakalo owenziwe umuntu, kanye nekhwalithi yokwakhiwa, okungase kube nemiphumela eyinhlekelele ezindaweni ezansi nomfula nengqalasizinda. Ukwehluleka okunjalo kungase kuthinte ukunikezwa kukagesi, izilwane nezitshalo, futhi kungase kubangele ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kanye nokulimala.
Ukucekelwa phansi kwezinhlelo zemvelo - amadamu amakhulu adala ukugcwala kwamanzi enhla nedamu, kwesinye isikhathi acekele phansi izindawo eziphansi, amahlathi ezigodi kanye nezikhotha. Kuzophinde kuthinte i-ecosystem yasemanzini ezungeze lesi sitshalo. Inomthelela omkhulu ezinhlanzini, ezinyonini zasemanzini nakwezinye izilwane.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-21-2023
