Ingabe amandla kagesi azoba yinto enhle kakhulu yokonga ugesi womhlaba esikhathini esizayo? Uma siqala ngombono womlando, uzothola ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo samandla sishintsha kanjani, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphehla kwamanzi kuyanda emhlabeni.
Ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu babesebenzisa amandla amanzi ukushayela isondo lamanzi futhi baqhube isigayo ukuze banikeze amandla okunisela kwasendlini kanye nezolimo. Ngokuthuthuka kwezinyathelo ezimbili zezimboni, ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi ubuye waziswa kakhulu. Injini yesitimu inikeza umphakathi amandla amaningi, ngakho-ke abantu bazimisele kakhulu ukufuna isakhiwo samandla ngokunemba okuphezulu, ukulawuleka okuqinile kanye nokunethezeka okungcono isikhathi esithile. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwenjini yesitimu namandla kagesi kuye kwakhuthaza ngokushesha inqubekelaphambili yesayensi nobuchwepheshe.
Ngo-1831, uFerrari wembula isimiso esiyisisekelo somphumela we-electromagnetic ngokusebenzisa inani elikhulu lokuhlola. Umphakathi we-physics uphinde wahlola kabanzi mayelana nezinjini zikagesi. Ikhulu le-19 lonke lalisenkathini yogesi ompofu kakhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, bambalwa abantu emhlabeni ababengasebenzisa amalambu abizayo kagesi. Kwaze kwaba yilapho isazi sefiziksi okuthiwa uWilliam Armstrong sihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi kanye nejeneretha lapho lesi simo sashintsha kancane kancane.
Lesi sazi sefiziksi esithandanayo sisebenzise kangcono ukusungula kwakhe ekuphileni. Egqumeni elingaphandle kwaseRosberg, wasebenzisa ubuhle bendawo ukuze ahlomise ipulazi lakhe ngezinto ezihlukahlukene ezimangalisayo ezisungulwe ngamanzi nogesi, ngakho ukuphila kwakhe kwaba lula kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ungumuntu wokuqala emhlabeni ukusebenzisa umshini wokuwasha osebenzisa amanzi amaningi. Uphinde wenza i-hydraulic lift ngokusebenzisa umphumela wamanzi nogesi.
Kungumsebenzi wakhe ofakazela umhlaba ukuthi amandla ahlanganisiwe we-hydropower awakwazi nje ukuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwezimboni, kodwa futhi kulindeleke ukuthi aguqule impilo yabantu kanye nemodi yokukhiqiza. Ngo-1882, u-Edison wasungula uhlelo lokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi, okuphinde kube yisiteshi sokuqala sokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi emhlabeni. Le phrojekthi futhi iphawula ukuqala kwenkathi yokuphehlwa ngamanzi kuso sonke isintu.
Uma izinsiza zikagesi ziwumgogodla wempilo yamazwe amaningi, ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla kagesi kuyisisekelo esingcono kakhulu sokuthuthukisa inqubekelaphambili yomphakathi kunoma yiliphi izwe noma isifunda. Inombolo enkulu yedatha yomlando ibonisa ukuthi amaphrojekthi aphehlwa ngamanzi angaholela kumphumela ongcono wenqubekelaphambili yezikhathi. Ngakho-ke, amaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene aphehlwa ngamanzi nawo akhiwe ezifundeni ezahlukene. Isibonelo, iDamu iHoover e-United States ngo-1931, iDamu iVaian e-Italy ngo-1959, kanye neDamu le-Three Gorges eChina ngo-2006.
Manje amazwe amaningi noma izifunda sezibonile ukuthi azikwazi ukushiya ukuhlinzekwa kukagesi ophehlwa ngamanzi ukuze ziphishekele intuthuko yesikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, ugesi wamanzi nakanjani uzoqhubeka nokuba khona isikhathi eside. Ngemva kwekhulu lama-21, amanani kawoyela emhlabeni wonke anyuke isinyathelo ngesinyathelo. Indawo yethu yemvelo ibhekene nokungcoliswa okukhulu, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla kagesi kungakhuthaza ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo esisha samandla.
Ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi kuzoba yinkinga okufanele izwe ngalinye elikhulu liyicabangele. Lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla kuvula isandulela senkathi entsha, abantu babonakala bemi endaweni entsha yokuqala. Ubani ongaba nezinzuzo ezengeziwe esikhathini esizayo sokujaha amandla ahlanzekile? Futhi kuncike ekutheni amazwe emhlabeni jikelele angakwazi yini ukuhlanganisa ijubane lokwakha, athathe intuthuko esimeme njengenhloso, asebenzise ngokugcwele indima ebalulekile yemithombo yamanzi ekuphehleni ugesi, futhi ahlinzekele ukuphila kwabantu nokukhiqiza, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziningi zomphakathi.
Eqinisweni, imithombo yamanzi ayikwazi nje ukuba amandla ahlanzekile, kodwa futhi ibe nenani eliphakeme lokuhlobisa kanye nezivakashi. Isibonelo, i-Gansu Yongxing Silk Road International Travel Service Co., Ltd. ibibhekene nomphakathi unyaka wonke, ihlinzeka abasebenzisi ngobuqotho ngamasevisi ekhwalithi ephezulu, okuhambisana nenjongo yebhizinisi yokusinda ngekhwalithi nokuthuthukiswa ngesithunzi. Eminyakeni edlule, siye sathuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo inethiwekhi kazwelonke kanye nemodi yokuphatha eqondile, futhi sahola ekwakheni ibhizinisi lekhwalithi ephezulu elinophawu olukhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-29-2023
