Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo nokwakhiwe okukhulu kudale izinkinga zokuphepha, ikhwalithi kanye nokuntuleka kwabasebenzi. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokwakha zesistimu entsha yamandla, iziteshi eziningi zamandla okugcina ezipompiwe ziye zavunyelwa ukwakhiwa minyaka yonke. Isikhathi sokwakha esidingekayo sifinyezwe kakhulu kusukela eminyakeni engu-8-10 kuya eminyakeni engu-4-6. Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kanye nokwakhiwa kwephrojekthi kuzoletha izinkinga zokuphepha, ikhwalithi kanye nokuntuleka kwabasebenzi.
Ukuze kuxazululwe uchungechunge lwezinkinga ezibangelwa ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo nokwakhiwa kwamaphrojekthi, amayunithi okwakha nokuphatha amaphrojekthi kudingeka aqale enze ucwaningo lobuchwepheshe kanye nomkhuba wokusebenzisa imishini kanye nobuhlakani bobunjiniyela bokwakha iziteshi zamandla okugcina ezipompiwe. Ubuchwepheshe be-TBM (Umshini Wokubhoboza Umhubhe) buqaliswa ukumba inani elikhulu lemihume engaphansi komhlaba, futhi imishini ye-TBM ithuthukiswa ngokuhambisana nezici zesiteshi samandla okugcina esipompiwe, futhi kwakhiwa uhlelo lobuchwepheshe lokwakha. Ngenxa yezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza njengokumba, ukuthunyelwa, ukwesekwa kanye ne-inverted arch ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo, uhlelo lokusekela lohlelo lonke lokwakha olusebenzisa imishini kanye noluhlakaniphile luye lwathuthukiswa, futhi kwenziwe ucwaningo ngezihloko ezifana nokusebenza okuhlakaniphile kwemishini yenqubo eyodwa, ukuzenzekela kohlelo lonke lokwakha inqubo, ukwenza kube yidijithali kolwazi lokwakha imishini, ukwakhiwa okungalawulwa muntu kwemishini yemishini yokulawula kude, ukuhlaziywa kokuqonda okuhlakaniphile kwekhwalithi yokwakha, njll., Thuthukisa imishini nezinhlelo ezahlukene zokwakha ezisebenzisa imishini kanye noluhlakaniphile.
Ngokuphathelene nokusetshenziswa kwemishini kanye nobuhlakani bobunjiniyela bemishini kanye nogesi, singahlaziya isidingo sokusetshenziswa kanye nokwenzeka kokusetshenziswa kwemishini kanye nobuhlakani kusukela ezicini zokunciphisa abaqhubi, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi, ukunciphisa izingozi zomsebenzi, njll., futhi sithuthukise imishini ehlukahlukene yobunjiniyela bemishini kanye nobunjiniyela bukagesi kanye nemishini yokwakha ubuhlakani kanye nezinhlelo zezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza zokufakwa kwemishini kanye nogesi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubunjiniyela bokuklama kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulingisa obuyi-3D bungasetshenziswa futhi ukuklama kusengaphambili nokulingisa ezinye izikhungo nemishini kusengaphambili, okungeke nje kuqede ingxenye yomsebenzi kusenesikhathi, kufinyeze isikhathi sokwakha endaweni, kodwa futhi kwenze ukwamukelwa okusebenzayo kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi kusenesikhathi, kuthuthukiswe ngempumelelo izinga lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokuphepha.
Ukusebenza okukhulu kwesiteshi sikagesi kuletha inkinga yokusebenza okuthembekile, isidingo esihlakaniphile nesinamandla. Ukusebenza okukhulu kweziteshi zikagesi zokugcina ezimpompiwe kuzoletha izinkinga ezifana nezindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza nokugcinwa, ukushoda kwabasebenzi, njll. Ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zokusebenza nokugcinwa, isihluthulelo ukuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kokusebenza kwamayunithi okugcina ampompiwe; Ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yokushoda kwabasebenzi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuphathwa kokusebenza okuhlakaniphile nokunamandla kwesiteshi sikagesi.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthembeka kokusebenza kweyunithi, maqondana nokukhethwa nokuklama kohlobo lwemishini, ochwepheshe kudingeka bafingqe ngokujulile ulwazi olusebenzayo ekuklanyweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezitshalo zamandla okugcina ezipompiwe, benze ukuklama okuhle, ukukhetha uhlobo kanye nokucwaninga okujwayelekile ezinhlelweni ezifanele zemishini yezitshalo zamandla okugcina ezipompiwe, futhi bazibuyekeze ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokuya ngokusebenza kwemishini, ukuphathwa kwamaphutha kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kokulungisa. Ngokuphathelene nokukhiqizwa kwemishini, amayunithi okugcina apompiwe endabuko asenawo ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokukhiqiza imishini ezandleni zabakhiqizi bangaphandle. Kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo lwendawo ngale mishini "yokugoba", futhi kuhlanganiswe iminyaka yokusebenza kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho namasu okulungisa kuwo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngempumelelo ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokuthembeka kokusebenza kwale mishini ebalulekile. Ngokuphathelene nokuqapha ukusebenza kwemishini, ochwepheshe kudingeka bakhe ngokuhlelekile amazinga okucushwa kwesici sokuqapha isimo semishini kusukela ekubonweni kwesimo semishini kanye nokulinganisa, benze ucwaningo olujulile ngamasu okulawula imishini, amasu okuqapha isimo kanye nezindlela zokuhlola impilo ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zokuphepha zangaphakathi, bakhe ukuhlaziywa okuhlakaniphile kanye nepulatifomu yokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi yokuqapha isimo semishini, bathole izingozi ezifihliwe emishinini kusengaphambili futhi benze isixwayiso kusenesikhathi ngesikhathi.
Ukuze kufezwe ukuphathwa kokusebenza okuhlakaniphile nokujulile kwesitshalo sikagesi, ochwepheshe kudingeka benze ucwaningo ngokulawula okuzenzakalelayo kwemishini noma ubuchwepheshe obubodwa bokusebenza obubalulekile maqondana nokulawulwa nokusebenza kwemishini, ukuze kufezwe ukuqaliswa okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokuvalwa kanye nokulawulwa komthwalo weyunithi ngaphandle kokungenelela kwabasebenzi, futhi baqaphele ukulandelana kokusebenza kanye nokuqinisekiswa okuhlakaniphile okunezinhlangothi eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka; Ngokuphathelene nokuhlolwa kwemishini, ochwepheshe bangenza ucwaningo lobuchwepheshe ngokubona komshini, ukuqonda komshini, ukuhlolwa kwerobhothi nezinye izici, futhi benze umkhuba wobuchwepheshe ekushintsheni imishini yokuhlola; Ngokuphathelene nokusebenza okujulile kwesiteshi sikagesi, kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo kanye nokuzijwayeza kubuchwepheshe bokuqapha obuphakathi bomuntu oyedwa kanye nezitshalo eziningi ukuze kuxazululwe ngempumelelo inkinga yokuntuleka kwezinsizakusebenza zabantu emsebenzini okubangelwa ukuthuthukiswa kweziteshi zikagesi zokugcina ezipompiwe.
Ukwenziwa okuncane kwesitoreji esipompiwe kanye nokusebenza okuhlanganisiwe kokuhlanganiswa kwamandla amaningi okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo eminingi yamandla amasha asatshalaliswa. Isici esiphawulekayo sohlelo olusha lwamandla ukuthi kunenqwaba yamandla amasha amancane asakazeke ezindaweni ezahlukene zegridi, asebenza kugridi ene-voltage ephansi. Ukuze kuthathwe futhi kusetshenziswe le mithombo yamandla amasha asatshalaliswa ngangokunokwenzeka futhi kuncishiswe ngempumelelo ukuminyana kwamandla kwegridi enkulu yamandla, kubalulekile ukwakha amayunithi okugcina amanzi asatshalaliswa eduze kwemithombo yamandla amasha asatshalaliswa ukuze kufezwe isitoreji sendawo, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla amasha ngamagridi kagesi ane-voltage ephansi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuxazulula izinkinga zokwenziwa okuncane kwesitoreji esipompiwe kanye nokusebenza okuhlanganisiwe kokuhlanganiswa kwamandla amaningi.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi onjiniyela nochwepheshe benze ucwaningo ngamandla ekukhetheni indawo, ukuklama kanye nokukhiqiza, isu lokulawula kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlanganisiwe kwezinhlobo eziningi zeziteshi zamandla okugcina ezipompiwe ezisatshalaliswa, kufaka phakathi amayunithi amancane okugcina apompiwe aguqulwayo, ukusebenza okuzimele kwamaphampu nama-turbine, ukusebenza okuhlangene kweziteshi zamandla okuhambisa amanzi ezincane kanye neziteshi zokupompiwe, njll.; Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ucwaningo kanye nokuboniswa kwephrojekthi ngobuchwepheshe bokusebenza obuhlanganisiwe besitoreji esipompiwe kanye nomoya, ukukhanya kanye namandla okuhambisa amanzi kwenziwa ukuze kuphakanyiswe izixazululo zobuchwepheshe zokuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokusebenzisana kwezomnotho ohlelweni olusha lwamandla.
Inkinga "yokugoba" kobuchwepheshe kwamayunithi okugcina amanzi aguquguqukayo ahambisana negridi yamandla eguquguqukayo ephezulu. Amayunithi okugcina amanzi aguquguqukayo anezici zokuphendula okusheshayo ekulawulweni kwemvamisa eyinhloko, amandla okufaka alungisekayo ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza zephampu, kanye neyunithi esebenza ngejika elifanele, kanye nokusabela okubucayi kanye nomzuzu ophezulu wokungaguquguquki. Ukuze kuncishiswe ngempumelelo ukungahleleki nokuguquguquka kwegridi yamandla, lungisa ngokunembile futhi umunce amandla amaningi akhiqizwa amandla amasha ohlangothini lokukhiqiza kanye nohlangothi lomsebenzisi, futhi ulawule kangcono ibhalansi yomthwalo wegridi yamandla eguquguqukayo kakhulu futhi esebenzisana, kubalulekile ukwandisa isilinganiso samayunithi esivinini esiguquguqukayo kugridi yamandla. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje, ubuchwepheshe obuningi obubalulekile bamayunithi okudonsa amanzi aguquguqukayo kanye nokugcina amanzi busesezandleni zabakhiqizi bangaphandle, futhi inkinga "yokugoba" kobuchwepheshe idinga ukuxazululwa.
Ukuze kufezwe ukulawulwa okuzimele kobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko, kubalulekile ukugxila ocwaningweni lwesayensi lwasekhaya kanye namandla obuchwepheshe ukuze kufezwe ngokujulile ukuklama nokuthuthukiswa kwama-motor ejeneretha anejubane eliguquguqukayo kanye nama-turbine ephampu, ukuthuthukiswa kwamasu okulawula namadivayisi abaguquli be-AC abavusa inkanuko, ukuthuthukiswa kwamasu okulawula ahlanganisiwe namadivayisi amayunithi anejubane eliguquguqukayo, ucwaningo lwamasu okulawula umbusi wamayunithi anejubane eliguquguqukayo, ucwaningo lwenqubo yokuguqula isimo sokusebenza kanye namasu okulawula ahlanganisiwe amayunithi anejubane eliguquguqukayo, Qaphela ukwakheka kwendawo okugcwele kanye nokusetshenziswa kokubonisa ukukhiqiza kanye nobunjiniyela kwamayunithi amakhulu anejubane eliguquguqukayo.
Ngamafuphi, ngokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo nokwakhiwa kwezinhlelo ezintsha zamandla, kubalulekile ukusheshisa ucwaningo ngobuchwepheshe bokwakha obusebenzisa imishini nobuhlakaniphile, ubuchwepheshe bokusebenza obuhlakaniphile nobunamandla bezitshalo zamandla kanye nobuchwepheshe bokusebenza obuhlanganisa amandla amaningi nobuhlanganisiwe bezitshalo zamandla okugcina ezipompiwe, kwakhiwe izitshalo zamandla zokugcina ezipompiwe ezincane neziphakathi ngobukhulu ezinamandla amasha asatshalaliswe ngokwezimo zendawo, futhi kukhuthazwe ngamandla ukusetshenziswa kwendawo kanye nobunjiniyela bezindawo zokugcina ezipompiwe ezinesivinini esiguquguqukayo. Abasebenzi besayensi nobuchwepheshe kufanele basebenzise ithuba lokuthuthukisa, bathole isiqondiso esifanele socwaningo, futhi banikele ngendlela efanele ekwakhiweni kohlelo olusha lwamandla kanye nokufezwa komgomo "wekhabhoni ephindwe kabili".
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-28-2022
