I-turbine yamanzi ingumshini wamandla oguqula amandla okugeleza kwamanzi abe amandla emishini ejikelezayo. Ingowemishini yophethroli yemishini ewuketshezi. Kusukela ngo-100 BC, i-rudiment ye-turbine yamanzi - i-turbine yamanzi yavela e-China, eyayisetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa ukuchelela nokushayela imishini yokucubungula okusanhlamvu. Iningi lama turbines amanzi esimanje afakwe eziteshini eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi ukuze ashayele amajeneretha ukuze aphehle ugesi. Esiteshini esiphehla ugesi ngamanzi, amanzi asechibini elikhuphuka nomfula aholelwa ku-hydraulic turbine ngepayipi le-headrace ukuze aqhube umgijimi ophehla ugesi ukuthi ajikelezise futhi ashayele ijeneretha ukuze ikhiqize ugesi. Amanzi aphelile akhishelwa ezansi nomfula ngepayipi le-tailrace. Uma liphakeme ikhanda lamanzi kanye nokuphuma okukhulu, amandla okukhiphayo e-hydraulic turbine ayaba mkhulu.
Iyunithi ye-tubular turbine esiteshini se-hydropower inenkinga ye-cavitation ekamelweni lokugijima le-turbine, eyenza ngokuyinhloko i-cavitation enobubanzi obungu-200mm nokujula kwe-1-6mm ekamelweni lomgijimi endaweni yokungena kwamanzi kanye nokuphuma kwe-blade efanayo, ebonisa amabhande e-cavitation kuwo wonke umjikelezo. Ikakhulukazi, i-cavitation engxenyeni engenhla yekamelo lomgijimi ibonakala kakhulu, ngokujula kwe-10-20mm. Izimbangela ze-cavitation ekamelweni lokugijima le-turbine zihlaziywa kanje:
Umgijimi kanye ne-blade ye-hydropower station yenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali, futhi impahla eyinhloko yegumbi lomgijimi yi-Q235. Ukuqina kwayo kanye nokumelana ne-cavitation kubi. Ngenxa yomthamo olinganiselwe wokugcina amanzi we-reservoir, i-reservoir ibisebenza ekhanda lokuklama eliphakeme kakhulu isikhathi eside, futhi inani elikhulu lamabhamuza omusi livela emanzini omsila. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, amanzi ageleza ku-hydraulic turbine endaweni lapho umfutho uphansi kunomfutho wokuhwamuka. Amanzi adlula igebe le-blade ayahwamuka futhi amathumba ukuze akhiqize ama-bubbles e-steam, akhiqize ukucindezela komthelela wendawo, okubangela umthelela ngezikhathi ezithile kungcindezi yesando yensimbi namanzi, okubangela imithwalo yethonya ephindaphindiwe endaweni yensimbi, okwenza umonakalo wezinto ezibonakalayo, Ngenxa yalokho, i-metal crystal cavitation iyawa. I-cavitation yenzeka ngokuphindaphindiwe ekamelweni lomgijimi endaweni yokungena nokuphuma kwe-blade efanayo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kokusebenza kwekhanda lamanzi aphezulu kakhulu isikhathi eside, i-cavitation iyenzeka kancane kancane futhi iqhubeke nokujula.
Ngokuhloswe ngenkinga ye-cavitation ye-turbine runner chamber, isiteshi sikagesi samanzi salungiswa ngokushisela ukulungisa ekuqaleni, kodwa inkinga enkulu ye-cavitation yatholakala futhi ekamelweni lomgijimi ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kamuva. Kulokhu, umuntu ophethe ibhizinisi usithinte futhi ethemba ukuthi singasiza ekuxazululeni inkinga ye-cavitation yegumbi lomgijimi we-turbine. Onjiniyela bethu benze uhlelo lokulungisa oluqondisiwe olusekelwe ekuhlaziyeni okuningiliziwe kwezinto zokusebenza zebhizinisi. Ngenkathi siqinisekisa usayizi wokulungisa, sikhethe izinto zokwakha ze-carbon nano polymer ngokuya ngendawo yokusebenza yemishini ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusebenza zesikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza endaweni. Izinyathelo zokulungiswa kwendawo zimi kanje:
1. Ukuqhuba ukwelashwa kokwehlisa izinga lokushisa kwezingxenye ze-cavitation zegumbi lomgijimi we-turbine;
2. Ukususwa kokugqwala ngokuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi;
3. Hlanganisa i-Sorecun nano polymer material bese uyifaka engxenyeni ezolungiswa;
4. Qinisa izinto futhi uhlole indawo yokulungisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-14-2022
