Njengomthombo wamandla avuselelekayo osabela ngokushesha, amandla kagesi ngokuvamile adlala indima yokulawula okuphezulu kanye nokulawula imvamisa kugridi yamandla, okusho ukuthi amayunithi aphehlwa ngamanzi ngokuvamile adinga ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo eziphambuka ezimeni zokuklama. Ngokuhlaziya inombolo enkulu yedatha yokuhlola, kuboniswa ukuthi lapho i-turbine isebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezingadizayini, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo oyingxenye, ukucindezela okunamandla kuzovela ku-tube yokusalungiswa ye-turbine. Imvamisa ephansi yalokhu kushaywa kwengcindezi izophazamisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwe-turbine kanye nokuphepha kweyunithi neshabhu. Ngakho-ke, ukucindezela kwe-tube okusalungiswa kuye kwakhathazeka kakhulu yimboni kanye nezemfundo.
Kusukela inkinga yokushaywa kwengcindezi kushubhu okusalungiswa kwe-turbine yahlongozwa okokuqala ngo-1940, imbangela ibilokhu ikhathazekile futhi yaxoxwa yizazi eziningi. Njengamanje, izazi ngokuvamile zikholelwa ukuthi ukucindezela kwe-tube okusalungiswa ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo oyingxenye kubangelwa ukunyakaza kwe-spiral vortex ku-draft tube; ukuba khona kwe-vortex kwenza ukusabalalisa kwengcindezi engxenyeni yesiphambano se-tube yokusalungiswa kungalingani, futhi Ngokujikeleza kwebhande le-vortex, inkambu yengcindezi ye-asymmetric nayo iyajikeleza, okwenza ukucindezela kuguquke ngezikhathi ezithile, kwakha i-pulsation yokucindezela. I-helical vortex ibangelwa ukugeleza okujikelezayo endaweni yokungena kweshubhu esalungiswa ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo oyingxenye (okungukuthi, kunengxenye ye-tangential yesivinini). I-Bureau of Reclamation yase-US yenze ucwaningo lokuhlola ku-swirl kushubhu esalungiswa, futhi yahlaziya ukwakheka kwe-vortex nokuziphatha ngaphansi kwamadigri ahlukene e-swirl. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi kuphela lapho i-swirl degree ifinyelela izinga elithile, i-spiral vortex band izovela ku-tube yokusalungiswa. I-vortex ye-helical ibonakala ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo wengxenye, ngakho-ke kuphela lapho izinga lokugeleza elihlobene (Q/Qd, Qd izinga lokugeleza kwephuzu lokuklama) lokusebenza kwe-turbine liphakathi kuka-0.5 no-0.85, ukucindezela okunzima kuzovela ku-tube yokusalungiswa. Imvamisa yengxenye eyinhloko ye-pulsation yokucindezela okubangelwa ibhande le-vortex iphansi kakhulu, okulingana ne-0.2 kuya ku-0.4 izikhathi zokujikeleza komgijimi, kanye ne-Q / Qd encane, ephakeme imvamisa ye-pressure pulsation. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho i-cavitation isenzeka, ama-bubbles omoya akhiqizwa ku-vortex azokwandisa ubukhulu be-vortex futhi enze ukucindezela kokucindezela kuqine kakhulu, futhi imvamisa ye-pulsation yokucindezela izophinde ishintshe.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo oyingxenye, ukucindezela kokucindezela kushubhu esalungiswa kungase kube usongo olukhulu ekusebenzeni okuzinzile nokuphephile kweyunithi yokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi. Ukuze kuncishiswe lokhu kushaya kwengcindezi, kuye kwahlongozwa imibono eminingi nezindlela, njengokufaka amaphiko odongeni lweshubhu lokusalungiswa kanye nokuphumela epayipini lokusalungiswa kuyizinyathelo ezimbili ezisebenzayo. UNishi et al. wasebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola nezinombolo ukuze atadishe umphumela wamaphiko ekushayeni ingcindezi kweshubhu esalungiswa, okuhlanganisa imiphumela yezinhlobo ezihlukene zamafins, imiphumela yenani lamafins kanye nezindawo zokuwafaka. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi ukufakwa kwama-fins kunganciphisa kakhulu i-eccentricity ye-vortex futhi kunciphise ukushaya kwengcindezi. U-Dmitry et al uphinde wathola ukuthi ukufakwa kwama-fins kunganciphisa i-amplitude ye-pressure pulsation ngo-30% kuya ku-40%. Ukungenisa umoya kusuka embotsheni emaphakathi ye-shaft eyinhloko kuya eshubhuni elisalungiswa nakho kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokucindezela ukushaya kwengcindezi. Izinga le-eccentricity ye-vortex. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uNishi et al. waphinde wazama ukukhipha umoya weshubhu elisalungiswa emigodini emincane engaphezulu kwe-fin, futhi wathola ukuthi le ndlela ingacindezela ukushaya kwengcindezi kanye nenani lomoya elidingekayo lincane kakhulu lapho i-fin ingakwazi ukusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-09-2022
